Redden v. Bynum, 599

• Decision Date: 02 February 1962
• Docket Number: No. 599,599
• Citation: 256 N.C. 351,123 S.E.2d 734
• Court: North Carolina Supreme Court
• Parties: Clara C. REDDEN v. Marvin Thomas BYNUM and Universal Auto Rentals, Inc.

Page 734

123 S.E.2d 734

256 N.C. 351

Clara C. REDDEN v. Marvin Thomas BYNUM and Universal Auto Rentals, Inc.

No. 599.

Supreme Court of North Carolina.

Feb. 2, 1962.

Benjamin D. Haines and thomas Turner, Greensboro, for plaintiff, appellant.

Jordan, Wright, Henson & Nichols and Karl N. Hill, Jr., Greensboro, for defendants, appellees.

MOORE, Justice.

Plaintiff's sole assignment of error is based on her exception to the allowance of defendants' motion for involuntary nonsuit. As to defendant Bynum the exception is well taken.

When considered in the light most favorable to her, plaintiff's evidence makes out a prima facie case of actionable negligence against Bynum. It is true that there are discrepancies, contradictions and inconsistencies in plaintiff's testimony, but upon motion for nonsuit these are resolved in favor of plaintiff. Dinkins v. Carlton, 255 N.C. 137, 141, 120 S.E.2d 543; Cozart v. Hudson, 239 N.C. 279, 78 S.E.2d 881. Inasmuch as there must be a retrial we refrain from a detailed discussion of the evidence. In brief summary it tends to show:

It was snowing and sleeting. The highway was covered with snow and ice and was slippery. It was a three-lane highway. Plaintiff was proceeding eastwardly down a slight hill in her right-hand lane at ten to fifteen miles per hour. She was almost coasting, didn't have her foot on the accelerator. She reached the bottom of the hill and started up a rather steep and long incline. It was about seven hundred feet to the top of the incline. As plaintiff started up the hill she pressed the accelerator slightly. The wheels of her pickup began to spin. She saw a van-type truck coming down the hill toward her from the east. Her pickup moved forward about its own length and then skidded to the left at an angle across the center lane with its front in the north lane. As the pickup skidded to the left the approaching truck was four hundred feet away, and was travelling forty to forty-five miles per hour. It did not slacken speed but within a matter of seconds came straight into the pickup. The pickup was entirely on the hard surface, and was practically at a standstill when struck--it could have been moving just slightly. Plaintiff testified: "I knew the truck was there; I had it under observation; I knew he was coming and I was doing all I could under the conditions to take care of my truck, take care of myself. * * * He was under observation all the time." She testified further: "I observed the truck most of the time from the time I first saw it until it collided with my truck." She also stated: "I think I came to a stop here about this point" (indicating on a chart). The right front of the truck struck the pickup at the right-hand door. Plaintiff was rendered unconscious. It took twenty-five minutes to pry the door of the pickup open with the use of crowbars. The pickup was later sold for $200.00 for salvage.

The fact that the speed of a vehicle is less than the maximum limit provided by law "shall not relieve the driver from the duty to decrease speed * * * when special hazard exist with respect to * * * otehr traffic or by reason of weather * * * conditions, and speed shall be decreased as may be necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle, or other conveyance on or entering the highway in compliance with legal requirements and duty of all persons to use due care." G.S. § 20-141(c). Failure to observe this statutory duty renders a motorist negligent, and such negligence may consist of traveling at excessive speed, failure to keep a proper lookout, or failure to maintain reasonable control of vehicle. Durham v. McLean Trucking Co., 247 N.C. 204, 100 S.E.2d 348, 68 A.L.R.2d 349; Brown v. Southern Paper Products Co., Inc., 222 N.C. 626, 24 S.E.2d 334. Speed of thirty-five to forty miles per hour on a highway covered with ice and snow may be excessive; the driver of the vehicle under such conditions must exercise care commensurate with the danger, so as to keep his vehicle under control. Wise v. Lodge, 247 N.C. 250, 100 S.E.2d 677. Failure to use brakes when such use would prevent a collision is negligence. Clark v. Emerson, 245 N.C. 387, 95 S.E.2d 880. See, also, Johnson v. Lewis, 251 N.C. 797, 112 S.E.2d 512; Lamm v. Gardner, 250 N.C. 540, 108 S.E.2d 847. Assuming that the perilous position of plaintiff's pickup resulted from some negligence on her part, defendant Bynum had the duty to avoid colliding with it if he could do so in the exercise of due care. " * * * (A) person is not bound to anticipate negligent acts or omissions on the part of others, but, in the absence of anything which gives, or should give notice to the contrary, he is entitled to assume and act upon the assumption that every other person will perform his duy and obey the law and that he will not be exposed to danger which can come to him only from the violation of duty or law by such other person." Weavil v. Myers, 243 N.C. 386, 391, 90 S.E.2d 733. "However, the right of a motorist to assume that a driver of a vehicle coming from the opposite direction will obey the law and yield one-half the highway, or turn in time to avoid collision, and to act on such assumption in determining his own manner of using the road, is not absolute. It may be qualified by the particular circumstances existing at the time,--such as 'the proximity, the position and movement of the other vehicle, and the condition of the road as to usable width and the like.' " Hoke v. Atlantic...