Robinson/Keir Partnership, In re

• Decision Date: 09 February 1990
• Docket Number: No. 87-422,87-422
• Court: Vermont Supreme Court
• Parties: In re ROBINSON/KEIR PARTNERSHIP, Jack C. Keir & Jack C. Keir, Inc.

Page 1188

573 A.2d 1188

154 Vt. 50

In re ROBINSON/KEIR PARTNERSHIP, Jack C. Keir & Jack C. Keir, Inc.

No. 87-422.

Supreme Court of Vermont.

Feb. 9, 1990.

Motion for Reargument Denied March 7, 1990.

Valsangiacomo, Detora, McQuesten, Rose & Grearson, P.C., Barre, for plaintiff-appellee.

William Alexander Fead, South Burlington, for defendant-appellant.

Before ALLEN, C.J., PECK, GIBSON and DOOLEY, JJ., and BARNEY, C.J. (Ret.), Specially Assigned.

GIBSON, Justice.

Lenord Robinson appeals from an order of the Washington Superior Court granting his partner, Jack Keir, the right to purchase Robinson's interest in their partnership, as provided in an arbitrator's award. We affirm.

I.

Lenord Robinson and Jack Keir entered into a written partnership agreement on May 22, 1981 to develop and sell land in Warren, Vermont. The agreement contained a provision for binding arbitration to settle any controversies, claims, or breaches arising out of the agreement.

In October of 1985, Robinson filed a demand for arbitration with the American Arbitration Association, requesting a determination of the proper division of the assets and liabilities of the partnership. Following a hearing, the arbitrator issued an award on July 15, 1986 that gave Robinson the right to purchase Keir's interest within ninety days; in the event Robinson chose not to exercise that right, the award provided for Keir to succeed to sole ownership of the business. Robinson would remain indebted to the partnership in either case since the partnership had a negative net worth and Robinson's contribution was far less than Keir's. Robinson filed a motion to vacate or modify the award in superior court, which remanded the matter to the arbitrator for reconsideration. The arbitrator reaffirmed his original award, and Keir filed a motion to confirm it. The court confirmed the award without a hearing on January 14, 1987, and appointed Keir the sole owner of the partnership assets. Robinson moved to vacate the judgment, or in the alternative, for a new trial. On June 12, 1987 the court found that the arbitrator had gone beyond the parties' demand, and, accordingly, modified the award to exclude the provisions that required a buyout within ninety days. Keir then filed a motion to amend the order to restore his right to buy out Robinson. Robinson appeals the July 27, 1987 order granting that motion.

II.

We note initially that " 'Vermont has a strong tradition of upholding arbitration awards whenever possible.' " Matzen Constr., Inc. v. Leander Anderson Corp., 152 Vt. 174, 177, 565 A.2d 1320, 1322 (1989) (quoting R.E. Bean Constr. Co. v. Middlebury Assoc., 139 Vt. 200, 204, 428 A.2d 306 309 (1980)). In reviewing an arbitration award, the trial court acts as an appellate tribunal with a limited scope of review rather than as a second arbitrator. Matzen, 152 Vt. at 177, 565 A.2d at 1322; see also Muzzy v. Chevrolet Division, --- Vt. ----, ----, 571 A.2d 609, 612-14 (1989) (review of arbitration award severely limited). An award may not be vacated on an issue of law unless the arbitrator manifestly disregards the law. See Muzzy, --- Vt. at ----, 571 A.2d at 612. We take this approach because we are mindful of the importance of arbitration as an alternative to the courts. The continuing increase in the business of the courts heightens the need for such alternatives. Without a due respect for the arbitrators' determinations, arbitration proceedings would become just another expensive and time-consuming layer in the already burdened litigation process. R.E. Bean Constr. Co., 139 Vt. at 204-05, 428 A.2d at 309. Nevertheless, we will not "rubber stamp" arbitrators' decisions, as such a practice would only cause litigants to hesitate in entrusting their disputes to the arbitration process, thus defeating its very purpose. Id. at 205, 428 A.2d at 309.

A.

First, we must consider whether the court had authority under the Vermont Arbitration Act (Act), 12 V.S.A. §§ 5651-5681, to compel a buyout of the partnership interests. Robinson contends that the court exceeded the scope of its authority when it amended its June 12, 1987 order to restore Keir's buyout right under the award. We agree with Keir, however, that the court properly exercised its authority to confirm the original award when it amended its earlier order.

Robinson argues that once the court determined that the arbitrator had exceeded his authority by ordering a buyout within ninety days, it was precluded from amending that order. Specifically, Robinson contends that the court was bound by its earlier order and, thereafter, was without subject matter jurisdiction to grant Keir's motion to amend the order. This argument is fallacious. Pursuant to V.R.C.P. 59(e), within ten days of the June 12 order, Keir moved for the court to amend the order to allow Keir to buy out Robinson. Rule 59(e), which is substantially similar to Federal Rule 59(e), gives the court broad power to alter or amend a judgment. Reporter's Notes, V.R.C.P. 59. The federal courts invoke Rule 59(e) "to support reconsideration of matters properly encompassed in a decision on the merits." White v. New Hampshire Dep't of Employment Sec., 455 U.S. 445, 451, 102 S.Ct. 1162, 1166, 71 L.Ed.2d 325 (1982). "Under rule 59(e), the court may reconsider issues previously before it, and generally may examine the correctness of the judgment itself." Ray E. Friedman & Co. v. Jenkins, 824 F.2d 657, 660 (8th Cir.1987) (citations omitted). Accordingly, in the instant case, the court had the authority to amend its previous order in order to allow Keir to buy out Robinson.

B.

Next, we consider whether the parties' partnership agreement and subsequent submissions authorized the arbitrator to compel a buyout of the partnership interests. Robinson contends that his only desire in demanding arbitration was to determine the cost for a buyout if one were desired, rather than to obtain an order to do so under pain of losing his interest in the partnership. He supports this contention by pointing to his demand for arbitration, claiming that the demand asks only for terms upon which an equitable division of partnership assets could occur, not for terms compelling a buyout.

The agreement to arbitrate is a contract, and "an arbitrator's authority finds its source in contract." R.E. Bean Constr. Co., 139 Vt. at 209, 428 A.2d at 311. Accordingly, the authority of the arbitrator is defined by the issues the parties agree to submit. See Ramos Iron Works, Inc. v. Franklin Constr. Co., 174 Conn. 583, 587, 392 A.2d 461, 463 (1978). Further, submissions to arbitrators are generally construed as broadly as possible in order to quickly and economically resolve disputes. Members Ins. Co. v. Felts, 42 Cal.App.3d 617, 623, 117 Cal.Rptr. 54, 58 (1974); Security Mutual Casualty Co. v. Harbor Ins. Co., 77 Ill.2d 446, 449-50, 34 Ill.Dec. 167, 169, 397 N.E.2d 839, 841 (1979). Consequently, "[a]ny doubts about the scope of the submission[s] ... should be resolved in favor of coverage." Kurt Orban Co. v. Angeles Metal Systems, 573 F.2d 739, 740 (2d Cir.1978).

Despite the broad construction to be placed on a request for arbitration, a court may review a claim that the arbitrator exceeded the authority conferred on him or her by the parties. 12 V.S.A. § 5677(a)(3) (court shall vacate award where arbitrator exceeded his authority); McClatchy Newspapers v. Central Valley Typo., 686 F.2d 731, 733 (9th Cir.1982); Maine Cent. R.R. v. Bangor & A.R.R., 395 A.2d 1107, 1122 (Me.1978). Such a determination, however, must be based on evidence clearly demonstrating that the arbitrator exceeded his authority. Broward County Paraprofessional Ass'n v. McComb, 394 So.2d 471, 472 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App.1981).

In order to determine if the arbitrator exceeded his authority, the court must compare the arbitrator's award with the submissions of the parties. See Piggly Wiggly Warehouse, Inc. v. Piggly Wiggly Truck Drivers Union, 611 F.2d 580, 583 (5th Cir.1980); Cook v. Carpenter, 34 Vt. 121, 126 (1861). In Piggly Wiggly, the Fifth Circuit held that the scope of an arbitrator's authority is not necessarily limited to the terms set forth in the collective bargaining agreement, as the parties often expand that authority by supplementing the agreement with submissions that further define the issues. 611 F.2d at 583. Thus, the original document confers authority upon the arbitrator, but that authority may be expanded by the submissions of the parties. See id. Since the partnership agreement does not grant the arbitrator authority to order a buyout, we must determine whether the parties, by their submissions, intended to confer such authority upon the arbitrator.

The demand for arbitration filed by Robinson sought "a remedy" of an award of certain partnership property in addition to $200,000 in partnership liabilities, with the remaining assets and debts to be assumed by Keir. ^* Thus, the demand sought a distribution of the assets and liabilities of the partnership, which is essentially the same course that would be followed if one partner chose to leave the partnership. In such an event, the partnership would be dissolved and the assets remaining after the liabilities had been satisfied would then be distributed. In essence, that is exactly what Robinson asked for here; he wanted a remedy, not an assessment of the partnership finances. Hence, the demand alone indicates that Robinson contemplated a buyout order, albeit on terms significantly different from those he was given.

But we need not rely solely on Robinson's demand to conclude that he contemplated a buyout. Robinson's brief to the arbitrator refers to a buyout in four separate...