Rowland v. Missouri Pac. Ry. Co.
Decision Date | 08 February 1886 |
Citation | 20 Mo.App. 463 |
Parties | N. C. ROWLAND, Respondent, v. MISSOURI PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY, Appellant. |
Court | Kansas Court of Appeals |
APPEAL from Jasper Circuit Court, HON. NOAH M. GIVAN, Judge.
Affirmed.
The case is stated in the opinion.
ADAMS & BOWLES, for the appellant.
I. The only act of negligence complained of by plaintiff is that of Neilson, the boss or foreman of a gang of men engaged in the repair of defendant's track. They were fellow-servants and in the absence of any negligence in the employment of said Neilson, defendant is not liable for any injury caused by his misfeasance. Hoke v. R. R., 11 Mo.App. 574; Rains v. R. R., 71 Mo. 164; Marshall v Schricker, 63 Mo. 308; Lee v. Bridge and Iron Works, 62 Mo. 565; Summerville v. Fish, 117 Mass. 312; Daubert v. Pickel, 4 Mo.App. 590; Hamilton v. I. M. Co., 4 Mo.App. 565; Thompson on Negligence, sect. 34, 38, and cases cited; Whart. Negl sect. 224; Sher. and Redf. Negl., sect. 86.
II. The defect of which the plaintiff complains, i. e., that there was one spike yet remaining in the rail, was as patent to him as to any one else, and having failed to observe it he cannot now complain of an injury caused by his failure to do so. Wright v. R. R., 25 N.Y. 565; Warner v. R. R., 39 N.Y. 471; Noyes v. Smith, 28 Vermont 63; Gilman v. R. R., 10 Allen (Mass.) 233.
III. There was no evidence to support the claim of the incompetency of the foreman, and plaintiff withdrew claim at the trial.
E. O. BROWN, E. C. DEVORE, for the respondent.
I. The general tendency of the later decisions in this country, both federal and state, is to reject or qualify and limit the rule, exempting the master from liability to his servants for an injury caused by the negligence of another servant in his employ; and to hold that the question of liability must be determined on the relation of the servants, the one causing the injury and the other receiving the injury, sustain to each other and to their common employer or principal. R. R. v. Fort, 17 Wallace (U. S.) 368; Ross v. R. R., U. S. Sup. Ct., Dec. 8, 1884, not yet reported; R. R. v. Collins, 2 Duer (Ky.) 114; R. R. v. Bowles, 11 Albany Law J. 110; Corcoran v. Holbrook, 59 N.Y. 517; Mullen v. Steamship Co., 78 Pa.St. 26; R. R. v. Stevens, 20 Ohio 416; Brothers v. Carter, 52 Mo. 352; Whalan v. Centenary Church, 62 Mo. 514; Lydon v. Marion, 3 Mo.App. 602; Devany v. Vulcan Iron Works, 4 Mo.App. 236; Ryan v. Bagsley, 50 Mich. 179; R. R. v. Fox, 31 Kan. 586; R. R. v. May, 108 Ill. 288.
II. As corporations can only act through superintending officers, the negligence of those officers, with respect to other servants, are the negligences of the corporation. Wharton's Law of Negligence, sect. 232, a; R. R. v. Keary, 33 Ohio St. 201.
III. When the master clothes one of its servants, whatever may be his rank or station, with authority to control and direct, employ and discharge servants in his employ, such servant or agent will be regarded as the representative of the master, and not simply as a fellow servant with those he controls and employs in the same general business. Laning v. R. R., 49 N.Y. 521; Corcoran v. Holbrook, 59 N.Y. 517; Filke v. R. R., 53 N.Y. 549; Brickner v. R. R., 2 Lansing (N. Y.) 508.
IV. Knowledge of the risk does not prevent a recovery, if the act causing it was done by the express command of the master, or some person whom the master had placed in command over him; because if he was directed to do the act, and the doing of it did not necessarily expose him to danger, he cannot be said to have had the particular risk in contemplation, and did not assume it.
V. The record shows every essential fact necessary to constitute liability.
This is an action to recover for personal injuries sustained by plaintiff while engaged in the service of defendant as a section hand.
The evidence fully supported the declarations of law given in the case, it having been tried by the court, sitting as a jury.
The only question is, as to the correctness of those declarations of law. They are as follows:
The objections urged by defendant to the declarations of law are: first, that, under the facts therein assumed, Thomas Neilson was a fellow-servant of plaintiff's; second, that the fact that one spike remained in the rail was as patent to plaintiff as to any one else, and that the plaintiff having failed to observe the same, could not complain of any injury caused by such failure.
In Marshall v. Schricker et al. (63 Mo. 308), Judge Hough, who delivered the opinion of the court, reviewed many of the Missouri cases up to that time upon this question, and quoted, in conclusion, with approval, the following language of the opinion in Malone, adm'r, v. Hathaway (64 N.Y. 5): " Where a superior servant employs and discharges the subalterns, and the principal withdraws from the management of the business, or the business is of such a nature that it is necessarily committed to agents, as in the case of corporations, the principal is liable for the neglects and omissions of duty of the one charged with the selections of other servants, in employing and selecting such servants, and in the general conduct of the business committed to his care."
The doctrine enunciated in Marshall v. Schricker et al. supra, has never been limited in this state. It is not necessary for us, in this case, to decide whether it has been or should be extended. Under its authority we hold that under the facts, assumed in the declarations of law, the existence of which was submitted to the court sitting as a jury, Thomas Neilson was...
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