Rule v. Bay City

• Decision Date: 25 July 1968
• Docket Number: No. 3,Docket No. 3177,3
• Citation: 163 N.W.2d 254,12 Mich.App. 503
• Parties: Lillian G. RULE, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. BAY CITY, Defendant-Appellee
• Court: Court of Appeal of Michigan — District of US

Page 254

163 N.W.2d 254

12 Mich.App. 503

Lillian G. RULE, Plaintiff-Appellant, v.BAY CITY, Defendant-Appellee.

Docket No. 3177.

Court of Appeals of Michigan, Division No. 3.

July 25, 1968.

Leave to Appeal Denied Oct. 9, 1968.

Released for Publication Jan. 3, 1969.

Thomas P. Patterson, Patterson & Patterson, Bay City, for plaintiff-appellant.

Egloff, Mainolfi, Taylor, McGraw & Collison, Saginaw, for defendant-appellee.

Before LESINSKI, C.J., and McGREGOR and CANHAM, ^* JJ.

LESINSKI, Chief Judge.

PlaintiffLillian Rule brought suit for injuries sustained in a fall allegedly caused by a defect in a sidewalk of the defendant city of Bay City.Plaintiff contends the defect was caused by the negligent removal of an old street sign which resulted in a short section of pipe being left rising vertically from the level of the concrete sidewalk, thus creating the condition which caused her fall and the resulting injuries.The injury occurred on March 16, 1964.¹Notice of her claim was given to the defendant city on March 23, 1964 and suit was filed on September 16, 1964.Thereafter the defendant city moved for summary judgment, alleging that the statutory notice given was defective.Plaintiff appeals from the order of the circuit court granting defendant's motion.

Plaintiff presents two issues on appeal: (1) whether plaintiff gave the defendant legally sufficient notice under the then controlling statute, ² and (2) whether the defendant is estopped from challenging the sufficiency of the notice given since the claim was filed on the printed forms provided by the defendant city of Bay City.

Resolution of the first issue is dispositive of this appeal.

The statute provides the standard against which the plaintiff's notice must be measured.The statute prevailing at the time of the injury required that the notice 'specify the location and nature of said defect, the injury sustained, and the names of the witnesses known at the time by claimant.'

In comparison, the relevant section of the notice served on the city provided:

'The accident took place on March 16, 1964 approximately 2:15 p.m. on the 100 block on South Farragut St.

'I tripped over the remains from a street sign of some sort that had been cut off leaving about 1 1/2 or 2 inches sticking above the sidewalk, when I tripped I fell hurting my right ankle and foot, both knees, back and arms.'

The defendant argues that the notice is deficient in that plaintiff failed to list witnesses known to her at the time of the accident.The plaintiff listed no witnesses on her notice.The record discloses that plaintiff's daughter was sitting in a car in the driver's seat and that plaintiff fell within a foot of the front of the car.The plaintiff testified that her daughter saw the fall.However, plaintiff also testified that her daughter couldn't see what caused the fall.None of this testimony is adequate to establish the fact of whether or not the daughter was in fact a witness.The only person who could give proper testimony on this question, namely the daughter, was not called to testify.The mere presence of a person at the scene of an accident does not make that person a witness.

As to injuries, plaintiff gave a very general description of her injuries.'I fell hurting my right ankle and foot, both knees, back and arms.'After receiving medical attention her injury was apparently confined to 'severe sprain and the tears of the ligaments.'Taken together, these two statements provide a legally sufficient description of the injuries sustained.Ridgeway v. City of Escanaba(1908), 154 Mich. 68, 117 N.W. 550.

We now turn to the crux of the issue on appeal which resulted in a summary judgment for the defendant city.Does the notice 'specify the location and nature of said defect?'In two recent casesthis Court had occasion to approve the rationale of the leading Michigan case, Barribeau v. City of Detroit(1907), 147 Mich. 119, 110 N.W. 512.In Dempsey v. City of Detroit(1966), 4 Mich.App. 150, 144 N.W.2d 684, this Court held that a notice which merely identified an alleged defect as being at a given intersection was not legally sufficient because it failed to indicate at which of the four corners of the intersection the alleged defect was located.In Smith v. City of Warren(1968), 11 Mich.App. 449, 161 N.W.2d 412, this Court held that a notice which gave the location of the alleged defect, without naming or otherwise identifying the defect, as being near a given intersection and a specific landmark some 40 yards from the location of the alleged defect without more, is not legally sufficient notice.

The test to be applied was first set forth by the Supreme Court in Barribeau v. City of Detroit, supra, 147 Mich. pp. 125, 126, 110 N.W. p. 514.The Court stated:

'The requirement that a notice be given is not alone for the purpose of affording the officers of the city opportunity for investigation.It is also for the purpose of confining the plaintiff to a particular 'venue' of the injury.In determining the sufficiency of the notice, excepting perhaps as to the time of the injury, the whole notice and all of the facts stated therein may be used...