Santa Monica Pictures, LLC, v. Commissioner, Dkt. No. 6163-03.

Decision Date11 May 2005
Docket NumberDkt. No. 6163-03.,Dkt. No. 6164-03.
PartiesSanta Monica Pictures, LLC, Perry Lerner, Tax Matters Partner v. Commissioner. Corona Film Finance Fund, LLC, Perry Lerner, Tax Matters Partner v. Commissioner.
CourtU.S. Tax Court
                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                FINDINGS OF FACT                                                   13
                I.      The Ackerman Group                                         13
                        A.  Perry Lerner                                           13
                        B.  Peter Ackerman                                         14
                        C.  Somerville S Trust                                     15
                        D.  Rockport Capital, Inc.                                 16
                        E.  Rockport Advisors, Inc.                                16
                        F.  Crown Capital Group                                    16
                II.     The Credit Lyonnais Group                                  17
                        A.  Credit Lyonnais                                        17
                        B.  Consortium de Realisation                              18
                        C.  Generale Bank Nederlands                               19
                III.    Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc.                                  19
                        A.  History of MGM Before 1990                             19
                        B.  Pathe Acquisition of MGM                               20
                        C.  Sealion Corp.                                          20
                        D.  Cashflow Problems of MGM-Pathe                         21
                        E.  Facility Agreements with CLBN                          22
                        F.  Credit Lyonnais Takes Control of MGM                   23
                        G.  1993 Financial Restructuring                           26
                        H.  Carolco Pictures, Inc.                                 29
                        I.  Sealion Settlement                                     33
                        J.  Credit Lyonnais Decides to Sell New MGM                33
                IV.     Safari Acquisition Co.                                     34
                        A.  The Safari Consortium                                  34
                        B.  Safari Indicates Its Interest In New MGM               35
                        C.  Investigation of MGM                                   36
                        D.  Kerkorian Moves In and Buys MGM                        38
                        E.  Debt Release and Assumption Agreement                  39
                        F.  Subparticipation Agreement                             40
                        G.  Dissolution of MGM Holdings and Formation of SMHC      41
                V.      The CDR Transaction                                        41
                        A.  Initial Contact with Mr. Jouannet                      41
                        B.  Negotiation and Drafting Process                       43
                            1.  Rockport Capital Confirms Its Interest             43
                            2.  Draft Term Sheet and Letter Agreements             44
                            3.  Further Negotiation and Drafting                   48
                            4.  Santa Monica Pictures, LLC, is Formed              49
                        C.  Final Agreements and Documents                         49
                            1.  Side Letter Agreement                              49
                
                            2.  Exchange and Contribution Agreement                51
                            3.  SMP LLC Agreement                                  53
                                a.  Amendment No. 1                                55
                                b.  Amendment No. 2                                55
                            4.  Deposit Account Agreement                          57
                            5.  Advisory Fee Agreement                             57
                            6.  Consent                                            58
                        D.  Assignment to Santa Monica Finance, B.V.               58
                        E.  Exercise of the Put                                    59
                VI.     Film Rights Contributed to SMHC                            59
                        A.  Film Titles and Development Projects                   59
                        B.  History of the EBD Film Library                        61
                            1.  Epic Productions                                   61
                            2.  EBD (Rotterdam) Finance, B.V.                      62
                            3.  Selection of Film Titles for CDR                   62
                            4.  Assignments Before the Contributions to SMHC       63
                            5.  Storage Conditions of the EBD Film Library         64
                VII.   Due Diligence for the CDR Transaction                       65
                       A.  James Rhodes                                            65
                       B.  Troy & Gould                                            67
                           1.  Chain-of-Title and Record Search                    67
                           2.  Access Letters                                      69
                VIII.  Other Film Activities                                       70
                IX.    Relationship with TroMetro Films, LLC                       71
                       A.  John H. van Merkensteijn                                71
                       B.  TroMetro Films, LLC                                     71
                       C.  TroMetro's Purchases of SMP's Receivables               72
                            1.  First Note Purchase Agreement                      72
                            2.  Second Note Purchase Agreement                     74
                            3.  Purchase Price Determinations                      75
                            4.  Payments on the TroMetro Notes                     75
                X.      Distribution Agreements                                    76
                        A.  The TroMetro Distribution Agreement                    76
                        B.  The Troma Distribution Agreement                       77
                        C.  Troma Entertainment, Inc.                              77
                        D.  Troma's Distribution of the EBD Film Library           78
                            1.  Distribution History                               78
                            2.  Distribution Revenue and Expenses                  79
                XI.     Transactions with Imperial Credit Industries, Inc.         80
                        A.  Imperial Credit Industries, Inc.                       80
                        B.  Shopping for Tax Deals                                 81
                        C.  Proposed Transaction with SMP                          82
                        D.  Proposed Transaction with Corona                       84
                            1.  Formation of Corona Film Finance Fund, LLC         84
                            2.  The Corona Transaction                             85
                            3.  Initial Purchase of SMP's Interest in Corona       88
                            4.  Additional Purchase of SMP's Interest in Corona    89
                
                            5.  Sale of the $79 Million Receivable                 91
                            6.  Imperial's Capital Contribution                    92
                            7.  Treasury Bills                                     93
                XII.    Subsequent Transactions Involving TroMetro and Troma       93
                        A.  Capital Contribution Agreement                         93
                        B.  Assumption Agreement                                   94
                        C.  Transfer and Assignment of the Carolco Securities      94
                        D.  SMHC and Troma Merger                                  94
                            1.  SMHC Merges into Troma                             94
                            2.  SMHC's Dissolution                                 95
                            3.  Tax Return Treatment of the Transaction            95
                            4.  Termination of the Distribution Agreements         96
                        E.  Letter Agreement with TroMetro                         97
                        F.  Troma Finance, LLC                                     97
                XIII.   Business Characteristics of SMP, Corona, and SMHC          98
                        A.  SMP                                                    98
                        B.  Corona                                                 99
                        C.  SMHC                                                   99
                XIV.    Partnership Tax Returns                                    99
                        A.  SMP                                                    99
                        B.  Corona                                                101
                        C.  Mr. and Mrs. Ackerman                                 101
                XV.     Notices of Final Partnership Administrative Adjustments   103
                        A.  SMP                                                   103
                        B.  Corona                                                104
                OPINION                                                           105
                I.      Partnership Tax Rules                                     108
                        A.  In General                                            108
                        B.  Claimed Application of Partnership Tax Rules          112
                II.     Burden of Proof                                           113
                III.    Economic Substance                                        115
                        A.  Parties' Contentions                                  115
                        B.  General Legal Principles                              117
                        C.  Summary of Conclusions                                120
                        D.  Subjective Business Purpose                           121
                            1.  Banks' Purposes                                   122
                               a.  Banks' Prior History With Film Business        125
                               b.  Banks' Regulatory Environment                  128
                               c.  Why the Ackerman Group?                        128
                               d.  Inattention to Film Rights in Negotiations     129
                               e.  Selection of EBD Film Rights                   130
                               f.  Conclusion                                     131
                           2.  Ackerman Group's Purposes                          131
                
                               a.  Mr. Lerner's and Mr. Ackerman's Backgrounds    132
                               b.  Focus on Tax Attributes                        134
                               c.  Nature of EBD Film Rights                      135
                               d.  Purported Interest in CDR Library              145
                               e.  Purported Springboard for New Library          147
                               f.  Acquiring NOLs for a Film Business             147
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    • U.S. District Court — Southern District of Mississippi
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