Sidag Aktiengesellschaft v. Smoked Foods Products Co., Inc.

Citation813 F.2d 81
Decision Date31 March 1987
Docket NumberNo. 86-4718,86-4718
PartiesSIDAG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, a Corporation of Switzerland, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. SMOKED FOODS PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC., etc., et al., Defendants, Ronald C. Cox and Sales U.S.A., Inc., Defendants-Appellees. Summary Calendar.
CourtUnited States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (5th Circuit)

Roger Clifford Clapp, Ringer, Clapp & Clark, Florence, Miss., Stephen Schnitzer, Livingston, N.J., for plaintiffs-appellants.

L. Dan Tucker, Hubbard, Thurman, Turner & Tucker, Dallas, Tex., for defendants-appellees.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi.

Before CLARK, Chief Judge, GARWOOD and HILL, Circuit Judges.

GARWOOD, Circuit Judge:

The present appeal presents the question of the propriety of the attorneys' fees awarded against plaintiffs-appellants Sidag Aktiengesellschaft and Sicilia di R. Biebow & Company (collectively "Sidag") in favor of defendants-appellees Ronald C. Cox and Sales U.S.A., Inc. (collectively "Sales") following our November 1985 affirmance of the dismissal in the court below of Sidag's suit against Sales and our affirmance in part and reversal and remand in part of the partial summary judgment in favor of the other defendants, Smoked Foods Products Company, Inc. ("Smoked Foods") and Marcus Cox. Sidag Aktiengesellschaft v. Smoked Foods Products, 776 F.2d 1270 (5th Cir.1985).

Sidag instituted this suit in the Southern District of Mississippi in November 1979. On July 28, 1982, in similar litigation pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, judgment was rendered in favor of Sales. That judgment was ultimately affirmed by this Court in May 1984. Sicilia di R. Biebow & Co. v. Cox, 732 F.2d 417 (5th Cir.1984). Following the judgment in favor of Sales by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, Sales, on September 30, 1982, moved for partial summary judgment in the case below pending in the Southern District of Mississippi, relying on the doctrine of res judicata and collateral estoppel. On August 25, 1983, in the case below, the magistrate granted Sales' motion for partial summary judgment. However, plaintiff Sidag moved for reconsideration, and the magistrate allowed the taking of depositions, and took the matter under advisement after receiving briefs. By order dated September 19, 1984, the magistrate ordered that Sidag's suit against Sales be dismissed with prejudice and that Sidag "pay the expenses and attorneys' fees incurred by" Sales "in obtaining this Order of Dismissal and in continuing to defend against Plaintiffs' claims since July 28, 1982." This order further directed Sales to submit by affidavit an itemized list of its said costs, expenses, and attorneys' fees no later than thirty days following the entry of the order.

By order dated September 26, 1984, the magistrate directed entry of final judgment as follows:

"Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 54, the court now expressly determines that there is no just reason for delay and hereby directs entry of separate final judgment dismissing with prejudice all claims against Ronald C. Cox and Sales U.S.A., Inc. and awarding said dismissed parties costs and attorneys' fees against plaintiffs in accordance with the Order of Dismissal dated September 19, 1984; the court likewise directs entry of separate final judgment dismissing with prejudice plaintiffs' claims against Smoked Foods Products Company, Inc., and Marcus Cox under Count V. of the Amended Complaint herein."

In this order, the magistrate also found that "its above referenced orders pertaining to partial summary judgment involve a controlling question of law as to which there is substantial ground for difference of opinion" and that an immediate appeal would materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation. The magistrate also directed that "application for appeal by any party pursuant to 28 USC Section 1292(b) shall stay all proceedings in this Court." The magistrate then ordered that all claims against Sales "are hereby finally dismissed with prejudice and that plaintiffs shall bear those parties' costs and reasonable attorneys' fees." Finally, the order also dismissed with prejudice the claims in Count V of Sidag's amended complaint against the other defendants, Smoked Foods and Marcus Cox (nothing was said about the attorneys' fees of these parties).

On October 9, 1984, plaintiff Sidag filed its notice of appeal to this Court. However, it does not appear that any attempt was made to apply to this Court (or the court below) for leave to appeal under 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1292(b), or that this Court ever granted leave to appeal under that section.

On the prior appeal, we treated the case as being before us "based on a judgment certified pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.Proc. 54(b)." Sidag, 776 F.2d at 1273. We affirmed, based on res judicata, the dismissal of all claims against Sales. We also affirmed a portion of the dismissal of the claims made against the other defendants (Smoked Foods and Marcus Cox) in Count V of Sales' amended complaint, but reversed and remanded the case as to those other defendants with respect to other portions of Count V and with respect to Counts I through IV of Sidag's amended complaint so far as they were against the other mentioned defendants. Id. at 1276.

Thereafter, Sales filed in the district court its itemized costs, expenses, and attorneys' fees. Sidag then filed a motion for an evidentiary hearing on Sales' attorneys' fees and costs, and objections to them. Subsequently, the magistrate, by order dated August 28, 1986 and entered August 29, 1986, approved a portion of the attorneys' fees and expenses claimed by Sales, in various amounts totaling $27,365.32. On September 24, 1986, the magistrate entered an order denying Sidag's above-mentioned motion for a hearing on Sales' attorneys' fees and its objection to Sales' fees. On September 25, 1986, Sidag filed its notice of appeal from the magistrate's orders of August 28, 1986 and September 24, 1986. No Fed.R.Civ.P. 58 judgment appears as to the attorneys' fees.

The docket sheet does not indicate any disposition of Sidag's remaining claims against the other defendants, Marcus Cox and Smoked Foods (nor were any attorneys' fees either awarded or denied to them). Nor does the record contain any certificate under Fed.R.Civ.P. 54(b). Therefore, the August 28, 1986 and September 24, 1986 orders are not final appealable judgments, and we have no jurisdiction of the appeal. See Rodriguez v. Handy, 802 F.2d 817, 821 (5th Cir.1986). This is a matter we must notice on our own motion. Id.

We observe that certification under Rule 54(b) is not the same as severance under Rule 21. See United States v. O'Neil, 709 F.2d 361, 368-69, 371 n. 10 (5th Cir.1983). An entire claim may be severed under Rule 21 regardless of whether any portion of it, or of other claims in the suit, has been determined. And the thus severed claim becomes an entirely separate suit or judicial unit, so that a final adjudication of it is appealable, notwithstanding that there remain unresolved claims pending in the original action from which the severance was granted and that no Rule 54(b) certificate has been issued. Id. By contrast, Rule 54(b) certification has no purpose other...

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