Smith v. Nye

• Decision Date: 06 July 1954
• Docket Number: No. 39512,39512
• Citation: 176 Kan. 679,272 P.2d 1079
• Parties: SMITH v. NYE, Sheriff.
• Court: Kansas Supreme Court

Page 1079

272 P.2d 1079

176 Kan. 679

SMITH v. NYE, Sheriff.

No. 39512.

Supreme Court of Kansas.

July 6, 1954.

Syllabus by the Court.

In an original proceeding for a writ of habeas corpus the record is examined, and held, to disclose no sound ground for releasing petitioner who is now held in custody by the respondent under a governor's warrant issued pursuant to an extradition proceeding.

Fred Marlin Smith, pro se.

Thomas M. Evans, Asst. Atty. Gen., Harold R. Fatzer, Atty. Gen., on the briefs, for respondent.

PARKER, Justice.

In this original habeas corpus proceeding petitioner, who is now being detained by the respondent, Herbert R. Nye, Sheriff of Leavenworth County, pursuant to extradition proceedings initiated by the State of Florida, asks that he be released from the custody of that official.

There is no dispute respecting the basic facts responsible for petitioner's detention. In May, 1948, he pleaded guilty to, and was convicted of, a violation of the criminal laws of the State of Florida, namely, grand larceny, and thereupon was sentenced to serve two years for the commission of such offense in the Florida State Prison. He escaped from that penal institution on August 2, 1948, before the expiration of his sentence and came to Kansas where he was subsequently convicted of third degree burglary in the district court of Russell County and sentenced to the Kansas State Penitentiary for a term of from one to five years. When released from that institution he was immediately apprehended by the respondent under authority of a warrant, issued by the governor of this state pursuant to the extradition proceeding to which reference has been heretofore made, directing such official to deliver him into the custody of duly designated and commissioned agents of the State of Florida. Before full compliance with the directions of such warrant petitioner commenced this proceeding with the result he is still in the respondent's custody.

The record before us is not as complete as it might be from the standpoint of pleadings. However, when examined, it may be said they raise the issue of the legality of the petitioner's detention. Moreover the merits of that question were argued to this court when the case was presented, hence the cause can be determined on that basis.

Nothing would be gained by reciting allegations of the petition or detailing the contentions advanced by the petitioner in support thereof. So far as we have been able to determine all such allegations and contentions are predicated upon the premise that alleged irregularities in the course of the trial resulting in his Florida conviction, i. e., failure of the court (1) to appoint him counsel, (2) to corroborate his plea of guilty by the sworn testimony of witnesses, and (3) to require the prosecuting attorney to be sworn before testifying as a witness, afford sound grounds for the issuance of the writ prayed for. This contention lacks merit and cannot be upheld because of our decisions which are directly to the contrary. See, e. g., the opinion in our recent case of Ryan v. Sheriff of Leavenworth County, 175 Kan. 159, 160, 259 P.2d 172, 173, which reads:

'* * * It is not the province of the Kansas courts to go behind the governor's warrant to inquire into alleged irregularities in the courts of the demanding state. See, Powell v. Turner, 167 Kan. 524, 207 P.2d 492, certiorari denied 338 U.S. 835, 70 S.Ct. 41, 94 L.Ed. 509. * * *'

It must be conceded, as respondent points out, that before the governor of the asylum state can lawfully comply with the demand for extradition it must appear that the person demanded is substantially charged with a crime against the laws of the state from whose justice he is alleged to have fled and that he is a fugitive from the justice of such state. For just a few of the decisions so holding see Powell v. Turner, 167 Kan. 524, 207 P.2d 492, certiorari denied 338 U.S. 835, 70 S.Ct. 41, 94 L.Ed. 509; Roberts v. Reilly, 116 U.S. 80, 6 S.Ct. 291, 29 L.Ed. 544; Hyatt v. People of State of New York ex rel. Corkran, 188 U.S. 691, 23 S.Ct. 456, 47 L.Ed. 657; Munsey v. Clough, 196 U.S. 364, 25 S.Ct. 282, 49 L.Ed. 515.

The only question remaining is one which counsel representing the respondent have raised out of fairness to the petitioner. In this connection it is suggested that although he did not do so directly it may be petitioner intended to claim that in view of the provisions of 18 U.S.C.A. § 3182 the extradition papers submitted to the governor of this state must include the copy of an indictment found against him or in lieu thereof a positive affidavit charging him with commission of the crime of grand larceny. There are many sound decisions with which we agree, warranting a conclusion the requirements of the foregoing section of the Federal Code have been complied with there--as here--the statute of the demanding state provides for prosecutions by information, verified as presently related, and where--as is also true here--a copy of the information containing a verification by the prosecuting attorney, stating in substance that the allegations as set forth in that instrument had been sworn to as true and that if true they would constitute the offense (grand larceny) therein charged, is included in the requisition papers presented by the demanding state. See, e. g., Matter of Strauss, 197 U.S. 324, 25 S.Ct. 535, 49 L.Ed. 774, 778; Pierce v. Creecy, 210 U.S. 387, 28 S.Ct. 714, 52 L.Ed. 1113, 1121; Munsey v. Clough, supra; Marbles v. Creecy, 215 U.S. 63, 30 S.Ct. 32, ...