Smith v. United States, 6662.
Decision Date | 24 May 1937 |
Docket Number | No. 6662.,6662. |
Citation | 91 F.2d 556 |
Parties | SMITH et al. v. UNITED STATES. |
Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — District of Columbia Circuit |
William H. Collins, Harry T. Whelan, and W. B. O'Connell, all of Washington, D. C., for appellants.
Leslie C. Garnett, Henry A. Schweinhaut, and Howard Boyd, all of Washington, D. C., for appellee.
Before MARTIN, Chief Justice, and ROBB, VAN ORSDEL, GRONER, and STEPHENS, Associate Justices.
This is an appeal from a conviction and sentence of appellants by the district court upon an indictment charging them, together with twenty-seven other defendants, with the crime of conspiring to violate the revenue laws of the United States prohibiting the sale of nontax paid distilled spirits.
Eight of the defendants appealed from the conviction to this court. Of that number, three have since dismissed their appeals. The remaining five defendants whose appeals are before the court and who will be referred to herein as the appellants are Albert H. Smith, Earl G. Funk, John Manoi, Belford R. Longnecker, and Arthur Bartolozzi.
The appellants rely upon three assignments of error.
The first assignment is that the jury that tried the case was illegally constituted by reason of the fact that certain employees of the United States government were permitted to serve as jurors over the objections of appellants. This assignment must be denied upon the authority of United States v. Raymond Wood, 299 U. S. 123, 57 S.Ct. 177, 81 L.Ed. 78, decided December 7, 1936. In that case it was held that employees of the United States government, residents of the District of Columbia, were not disqualified for jury service within the District merely because of their employment by the government.
The second assignment relied upon by appellants is that evidence secured by wire tapping was admitted by the trial court against the objections and exceptions of appellants. This assignment must be overruled upon the authority of Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438, 48 S.Ct. 564, 72 L.Ed. 944, 66 A.L.R. 376. See, also, Beard v. U. S., 65 App.D.C. 231, 82 F.(2d) 837. It is also alleged by appellants that such evidence was illegal under the provisions of the act of Congress commonly known as the Communications Act of 1934, section 605, tit. 47 U.S.C. (47 U. S.C.A. § 605). We cannot, however, sustain this contention. Olmstead v. United States, supra.
The third assignment of error is that the trial court erred in admitting in evidence certain written statements concerning facts which had no relation to the issues in the case and which were prejudicial to the rights of the appellants. In our opinion, this assignment must be sustained.
The defendants were charged in the indictment with unlawfully conspiring together to commit certain offenses in violation of section 37 of the United States Criminal Code, R.S. § 5440 (18 U.S.C.A. § 88), prohibiting the sale of nontax paid distilled spirits (R.S. § 3281 superseded by Act Feb. 8, 1875, § 16, 26 U.S.C.A. §§ 1184, 1397 (a)). It was charged that the defendants sold certain distilled spirits on which the internal revenue tax was not paid for the purpose of defrauding the United States government of the taxes due thereon; and that they maintained certain rooms at apartment 21, 1421 P street, N. W., Washington, D. C., as an office and place where telephones were maintained for the purpose of soliciting, receiving, and bartering nontax paid liquor and alcohol. Various overt acts with specifications of time and place were recited under the indictment.
At the trial the United States introduced evidence in support of these charges and in the course of the trial called one John Wise as a witness who testified that he was a detective sergeant in the Metropolitan Police Department; that in April, 1934, he made an investigation of the premises 1423 P street, N. W., in Washington, D. C., and that incident to this investigation he interviewed certain of the defendants, namely, Earl Funk, Charles Edward Hawkins, Leonard Smith, Clarence Ross, and Andrew Jackson, each of whom made statements in his presence which were reduced to writing and signed by the defendants making the same. These written statements were tendered by the government in evidence, whereupon the defendants objected and their objections being overruled they excepted.
The written statements in question are set out in full in the record, but it seems unnecessary to copy all of them in this opinion. They contain no reference in any manner to the sale of distilled spirits at the place referred to in the indictment or elsewhere, nor is any of the statements relevant to any of the issues made in the present case. They relate solely to a murder committed at the apartment 1423 P street on Saturday, April 21, 1934. They state that one Leonard Smith was engaged in a quarrel at the apartment with one Ernest Nelson, and killed him by a pistol shot; that Nelson's body was taken secretly in a truck to a point in the country near Washington and thrown out and left upon the roadside; that afterwards Smith was arrested as the murderer and it was in the preparation made by the detective Wise for the murder trial that the written statements now referred to were procured. One of the statements, that made by Leonard Smith, sometimes called "Bones," the murderer, reads as follows, to wit:
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