Southern v. Southern

Decision Date28 March 1968
Docket NumberNo. 10037,10037
Citation438 P.2d 925,92 Idaho 180
PartiesMatilda SOUTHERN, Plaintiff-Respondent, v. James W. SOUTHERN and Ruby Southern and Walter Wodskow and Emma Wodskow, Defendants-Appellants.
CourtIdaho Supreme Court

James Annest, Burley, for appellants.

Parsons & Smith, Burley, for respondent.

TAYLOR, Justice.

Plaintiff (respondent) brought this action to recover possession of certain real property. Defendants (appellants) by counterclaim sought specific performance of an option to purchase the property. Upon plaintiff's motion the trial court entered summary judgment dismissing the counterclaim with prejudice. Defendants brought this appeal from that judgment.

Defendants James Southern (a son of plaintiff Matilds Southern) and his wife Ruby Southern had lived upon and farmed the land belonging to plaintiff for about fifteen years. In March, 1965, plaintiff appointed her daughter Mary Johnson attorney-in-fact to act on her behalf in certain transactions, including leasing and selling of her real property. March 31, 1965, through her attorney-in-fact plaintiff entered into a written lease whereby the property was leased to defendants James and Ruby Southern for a term commencing March 31, 1965, and ending March 1, 1966, at a rental of $1332.00. The lease granted to defendants Southern an exclusive option to purchase the property 'at any time up to and prior to November 1, 1965,' for the sum of $15,000.00 on terms therein provided, and requiring that 'to exercise said option the lessees must give to the lessor in writing, a notice that the lessees exercise such option * * *.'

The option was not exercised prior to its expiration date. After the expiration of the lease the Southerns remained in possession of the property and continued to farm it. In their cross-complaint defendants allege that by oral agreement between James and Ruby Southern and the plaintiff and her attorney-in-fact, the lease and option were extended for one additional year upon the same terms and conditions contained in the written lease; that on or about the 16th day of August, 1966, defendants James and Ruby Southern assigned all their right, title and interest in and to the lease and option to the defendants Walter and Emma Wodskow; and that on or about August 30, 1966, defendants Wodskow gave notice of their intention to exercise the option.

In their affidavits supporting plaintiff's motion for summary judgment, plaintiff and her attorney-in-fact averred that no oral extension of the lease and option had ever been discussed or entered into, nor had they, or either of them, consented to an assignment, or possession of the property by Wodskows; that they allowed defendants James and Ruby Southern to hold over in possession until late in May or early in June, 1966, when, upon being advised by, Ruby that James Southern had abandoned the farm, Mary Johnson, the attorney-in-fact, resumed possession of the property and the care of the crops and stock thereon, but allowed Ruby Southern to continue to occupy the house. A divorce action was then pending between James and Ruby Southern.

Plaintiff's motion for summary judgment was presented pursuant to IRCP Rule 56(b). For the purpose of this appeal we assume that defendants' version of the facts is correct. IRCP Rule 56(c). Day v. Mortgage Insurance Corporation, Idaho, 428 P.2d 524 (1967); Otts v. Brough Construction Co., 90 Idaho 124, 409 P.2d 95 (1965); Steele v. Nagel, 89 Idaho 522, 406 P.2d 805 (1965); Jack v. Fillmore, 85 Idaho 36, 375 P.2d 321 (1962). The presence of unresolved issues of material fact precludes summary judgment. E. S. Harper Co. v. General Insurance Co. of America, Idaho, 430 P.2d 658 (1967); Christiansen v. Rumsey, Idaho, 429 P.2d 416 (1967); Day v. Mortgage Insurance Corporation, supra; Lundy v. Hazen, 90 Idaho 323, 411 P.2d 768 (1966). However, the presence of factual issues which are not material do not preclude summary judgment. Jordan v. Pearce, Idaho, 429 P.2d 419 (1967). Accepting defendants' version of the facts, the summary judgment dismissing the counterclaim was properly granted. By reason of the nature of such contract, time stated for the exercise of an option is of the essence, and no express provision stating that time 'is of the essence' need be contained therein to make it so. Rosenaur v. Pacelli, 174 Cal.App.2d 673, 345 P.2d 102 (1959); Auslen v. Johnson, 118 Cal.App.2d 319, 257 P.2d 664 (1953); Washoma Petroleum Co. v. Eason Oil Co., 173 Okl. 430, 49 P.2d 709 (1935); Andersen v. Brennen, 181 Wash. 278, 43 P.2d 19 (1935).

By reason of the statute of frauds, a written option for the purchase of real property cannot be enforced under a claimed oral extension thereof after the time therein limited has expired. I.C. § 9-503; Lawyer v. Post, 109 F. 512 (9th Cir. 1901); Hagenbuch v. Kosky, 142 Cal.App.2d 296, 298 P.2d 875 (1956); Adamson v. Vachon, 8 D.L.R. 240 (Sask., 1912).

Defendants contend the agreement in this case was removed from the operation...

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13 cases
  • McKinley v. Fanning
    • United States
    • Idaho Supreme Court
    • June 4, 1979
    ...v. Hollifield, 97 Idaho 607, 549 P.2d 266 (1976); Farmer's Ins. Co. v. Brown, 97 Idaho 380, 544 P.2d 1150 (1976); Southern v. Southern, 92 Idaho 180, 438 P.2d 925 (1968); I.R.C.P. 56(c). Factual issues of negligence and proximate cause are for the jury to resolve, not the Court. Ryals v. Br......
  • Wash. Fed. Sav. v. H. Craig Van Engelen And
    • United States
    • Idaho Supreme Court
    • November 16, 2012
    ...I.C. § 9–505(2); I.C. § 9–506 (exceptions). Modifications to a contract may fall within the statute of frauds. See Southern v. Southern, 92 Idaho 180, 181–82, 438 P.2d 925, 926–27 (1968); USA Fertilizer, Inc. v. Idaho First Nat'l Bank, 120 Idaho 271, 275–76, 815 P.2d 469, 473–74 (Ct.App.199......
  • Wash. Fed. Sav. v. H. Craig Van Engelen And
    • United States
    • Idaho Supreme Court
    • November 16, 2012
    ...9–505(2) ; I.C. § 9–506 (exceptions). Modifications to a contract may fall within the statute of frauds. See Southern v. Southern, 92 Idaho 180, 181–82, 438 P.2d 925, 926–27 (1968) ; USA Fertilizer, Inc. v. Idaho First Nat'l Bank, 120 Idaho 271, 275–76, 815 P.2d 469, 473–74 (Ct.App.1991) ; ......
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    ...v. S V Co., 102 Idaho 187, 191, 628 P.2d 218, 222 (1981); Roundy v. Waner, 98 Idaho 625, 570 P.2d 862 (1977); Southern v. Southern, 92 Idaho 180, 438 P.2d 925 (1968); Boesiger v. Freer, 85 Idaho 551, 381 P.2d 802 (1963); Reynolds Irrigation Dist. v. Sproat, 70 Idaho 217, 222, 214 P.2d 880, ......
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