Spangler v. Hobson

• Decision Date: 30 October 1924
• Docket Number: 6 Div. 231.
• Citation: 212 Ala. 105,101 So. 828
• Parties: SPANGLER v. HOBSON ET AL.
• Court: Alabama Supreme Court

101 So. 828

212 Ala. 105

SPANGLER v. HOBSON ET AL.

6 Div. 231.

Supreme Court of Alabama

October 30, 1924

Appeal from Circuit Court, Jefferson County; John Denson, Judge.

Action for rent by C. W. Spangler against E. E. and Bessie M Hobson. Judgment for defendants, and plaintiff appeals. Transferred from Court of Appeals under section 6, page 449 Acts 1911. Reversed and remanded.

W. K Terry, of Birmingham, for appellant.

Haley & Haley, of Birmingham, for appellees.

GARDNER J.

Action in assumpsit for rent due from appellees to appellant. The only defense interposed was that of recoupment. Upon submission of the issue to a jury there was verdict for defendants, and from the judgment following the plaintiff has prosecuted this appeal.

The defendants entered and occupied the premises of plaintiff in March, 1922, under a written lease, and in May, 1922, the septic tank overflowed, creating offensive odors, and the plaintiff was notified thereof. There was no provision in the lease requiring the lessor to make any repairs, but on the other hand the contract expressly provided to the contrary, and exempted the lessor from liability for any "damage which may accrue on account of any defect in said buildings or premises, or from wind, rain, or other causes." There was therefore no duty resting upon the plaintiff to make the repairs. Bullock-McCall-McDonnell Electric Co. v. Coleman, 136 Ala. 610, 33 So. 884; Morgan v. Sheppard, 156 Ala. 403, 47 So. 147; Smith v. Hallock, 210 Ala. 529, 98 So. 781; Hallock v. Smith, 207 Ala. 567, 93 So. 588.

Nor was there any effort to establish liability upon the principle that there was a defect in the premises at the time of the letting, known to the landlord and concealed by him from the tenant. Hallock v. Smith, supra.

The landlord, however, in the instant case gratuitously undertook to remedy the condition, and the trial court submitted the cause to the jury upon the principle that when a landlord, though gratuitously, undertakes to make the repairs he is liable for injuries resulting from negligence of himself or servants in making such repairs. Bains v. Dank, 199 Ala. 250, 74 So. 341; 1 Tiffany on Landlord and Tenant, pp. 608, 609, and authorities supra.

Counsel for appellant insist, however, that no negligence is shown, but only at the most that the repairs were inefficiently made, citing 1 Tiffany on Landlord & Tenant, p. 609, and Wynne v. Haight, 27 A.D. 7, 50 N.Y.S. 187. In the effort to remedy conditions a ditch was dug and pipe laid therein so as to convey the overflow from the tank several feet further from the house, but some of it continued to flow into the ditch, and the pipe conveyed the overflow into a hole which was not entirely covered. There was evidence tending to show that thereby mosquitoes were increased and the odors made worse, and the situation thus aggravated.

We are of the opinion the evidence was sufficient from which the jury could infer negligence in thus concentrating the overflow and leaving the same exposed, and the affirmative charge was properly refused....