Star Meat Co. v. N.L.R.B., 78-1438

• Decision Date: 04 November 1980
• Docket Number: No. 78-1438,78-1438
• Parties: 105 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 3144, 90 Lab.Cas. P 12,367 STAR MEAT COMPANY, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Sixth Circuit

Page 13

640 F.2d 13

105 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 3144, 90 Lab.Cas. P 12,367

STAR MEAT COMPANY, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent.

No. 78-1438.

United States Court of Appeals Sixth Circuit.

Argued Aug. 19, 1980.

Decided Nov. 4, 1980.

Joseph P. Carey, Tarrytown, N. Y., Fred Elarbee, Jr., David M. Vaughan, Elarbee, Clark & Paul, Atlanta, Ga., for petitioner.

Elliott Moore, Carol A. DeDeo, Deputy Associate Gen. Counsel, Patricia Cornwell Matthews, N. L. R. B., Washington, D. C., for respondent.

Before WEICK and JONES, Circuit Judges, and DUNCAN, District Judge. ^*

PER CURIAM.

Star Meat Co. (Star Meat), appeals from an order that it violated Section 8(a) (1) of the National Labor Relations Act (the Act), 29 U.S.C. § 151 et seq. by discharging an employee because of his picketing activities. 237 NLRB 132. The National Labor Relations Board (the Board) has cross petitioned for enforcement of its order. For the reasons set forth below, we grant enforcement.

Zivko Dimovski participated in an economic strike with other employees at Star Meat's Warren, Michigan plant. On May 11, 1977, the second day of the strike, Dimovski, who did not speak English well, attempted to prevent a non-striking replacement employee from going to work by grabbing him, asking him "where are you going," and pushing him about four or five feet backward. Dimovski claims that he was not aware that he could not physically restrain non-striking employees until he was so informed by union counsel the day after this incident. On May 13, Star Meat discharged Dimovski. He was reinstated on July 9. After a hearing, an Administrative Law Judge held that Star Meat's discharge of Dimovski violated the Act. Star Meat was ordered to make Dimovski whole for any loss of earnings suffered as a result of his discharge. On appeal, Star Meat argues that Dimovski's violent activities justified his discharge. We disagree.

Physical violence on the part of striking employees is sufficient to remove such employees from the protection of the Act. NLRB v. Moore Business Forms, 574 F.2d 835 (5th Cir. 1978); Jerr-Dan Corp., 237 N.L.R.B. 49, 98 L.R.R.M. 1569 (1978). However, not every violent or unlawful act committed in the course of activity protected by Section 7 of the Act, deprives the employee of the protective mantle of the Act. Ohio Power Co. v. NLRB, 539 F.2d 575, 578 (6th Cir. 1976).

Neither the Board nor this Circuit has adopted a per se rule as to all violence by striking employees. Id. Employees who engage in unlawful activities against either fellow employees or an employer's property may lose the protection of the Act. The determination of whether employees have exceeded acceptable limits must initially rest "with the Board, and its determination unless illogical or arbitrary, ought not be disturbed." Ohio Power Co. v. NLRB, 539 F.2d at 578 (quoting NLRB v. Hartmann Luggage Co., 453 F.2d 178, 183-184 (6th Cir. 1971)). The Board's...