State v. Greuling, 19356

• Court: United States State Supreme Court of South Carolina
• Writing for the Court: LEWIS; MOSS, C.J., and LITTLEJOHN; BUSSEY; BRAILSFORD
• Citation: 186 S.E.2d 706,257 S.C. 515
• Parties: The STATE, Respondent, v. William P. GREULING, Appellant.
• Docket Number: No. 19356,19356
• Decision Date: 17 January 1972

Page 706

186 S.E.2d 706 257 S.C. 515 The STATE, Respondent,
v.
William P. GREULING, Appellant. No. 19356. Supreme Court of South Carolina. Jan. 17, 1972.

[257 S.C. 516]

Page 707

Richard G. Lawrence, Hanahan, for appellant.

Asst. Atty. Gen. C. Tolbert Goolsby, Jr., Columbia, for respondent.

[257 S.C. 518] LEWIS, Justice.

Appellant, William P. Greuling, was jointly charged with five others in connection with the breaking and entering of South of the Border, a motel, located near Dillon, South Carolina. Three of his codefendants were charged with conspiracy, burglary and assault with intent to kill. One of these plead guilty, one was granted immunity by the State, and the other has not been brought to trial. Appellant, Cody Steadman, and Johnny Cameron were charged with criminal conspiracy to commit burglary and accessory before the fact of burglary. They were convicted on both charges and appellant received a sentence of five years for conspiracy and ten years for accessory before the fact, the sentences to run consecutively. Appellant and his codefendant Steadman have prosecuted separate appeals, that of Steadman being disposed of in a separate opinion filed herewith.

[257 S.C. 519] Appellant contends that the lower court erred in (1) refusing his motion for a continuance, (2) allowing his codefendant Steadman to introduce into evidence a tape recording of a conversation between Steadman and an investigating officer and (3) denying a motion to require the State to elect on which of the two counts in the indictment it would go to trial.

We deal first with questions concerning the motion for a continuance. The agreed Statement shows that appellant was arrested on August 21, 1970 upon a warrant charging him with burglary and assault with intent to kill. Apparently counsel was immediately secured. Following a preliminary hearing on September 1, 1970, the charges against appellant were sent to the General Sessions Court for trial. On September 28, 1970, about thirty-seven days after his arrest, an indictment was returned charging appellant with (1) burglary, (2) assault with intent to kill, and (3) conspiracy. Thereafter, on the same day, a motion for a continuance was made upon the ground that more time was needed to prepare for trial. This motion was refused.

On September 29th, the day following the return of the original indictment and after the denial of the foregoing motion for a continuance, a new indictment against appellant and his codefendants was returned. The original indictment had charged appellant with burglary, assault with intent to kill, and conspiracy. The new indictment eliminated the previous charges against appellant, of burglary and assault with intent to kill, and charged him, along with his codefendants Steadman and Cameron, with only conspiracy and accessory before the fact, the latter offense not having been previously included as a charge against appellant.

On the following morning, September 30th, appellant was arraigned on the charges contained in the new indictment and a jury was selected and sworn. After the jury was sworn, appellant's counsel again moved for a continuance on the ground that additional time was needed to prepare [257 S.C. 520] for trial. This second motion for a continuance was denied upon the ground that, since the jury had already been sworn and the motion involved nothing that had transpired subsequent to the swearing of the jury, the motion came too late.

Appellant contends, first, that the trial judge abused his discretion in refusing the pretrial motion for a continuance and, second, that error was committed in refusing

Page 708

to entertain the second motion which was made after the jury was sworn.

The motion for a continuance was addressed to the sound discretion of the trial judge. The exercise of that discretion will not be interfered with unless there is an abuse thereof.

The motion was made upon the ground that counsel, during the one month interval, between his employment and the trial, did not have sufficient time to adequately prepare appellant's defense. There is no contention that any witness was unavailable or that the granting of additional time would have produced others. Counsel conceded that he had interviewed the defense witnesses before trial, but contended that he had not talked to them 'to the extent I would like to talk to them.' There is no showing that counsel did not have ample time to adequately prepare for trial and consequently no abuse of discretion is shown or prejudice to appellant from the refusal of the motion for a continuance.

The contention that the trial judge erred in refusing to entertain the motion for continuance, made after the trial had begun and upon grounds which existed prior to trial, is without merit. The argument of appellant is simply that his second motion should have been granted because the new or second indictment contained a charge not previously included in the first indictment, thereby affording no opportunity to prepare a defense thereto.

Ordinarily, a motion for a continuance based upon grounds which exist prior to trial must be made before the jury is sworn.

[257 S.C. 521] The fact that the second indictment contained a charge not previously alleged was brought home to appellant when he was arraigned. If he desired to move for a continuance upon the ground that the indictment contained a new charge against him and that he was not prepared to meet it, the motion should have been made before the jury was sworn. Under these circumstances, the trial judge properly refused to entertain the motion.

Error is also assigned in the admission into evidence of a tape recorded conversation between appellant's codefendant Steadman and the investigating officer Wrenn. It is contended that its admission was prejudicial to appellant. The recording was introduced by the codefendant Steadman for the purpose of contradicting the testimony of the officer and to impeach his credibility. It was taped without the knowledge of the officer and was, in general, a discussion of the charges against appellant and his codefendants. In the course of the conversation, derogatory statements were made by the officer concerning appellant and his counsel. References were made to other crimes committed by a codefendant, but in no way connected to appellant.

Prior to the admission of the recording, the codefendant Steadman testified, without objection, as to derogatory statements made in the recorded conversation relative to appellant and his attorney. When the recording was admitted into evidence, the jury was clearly instructed that it had no evidentiary value whatsoever against appellant, was not to be considered as incriminating in any degree against him, and was...