State v. Henglefelt

• Decision Date: 02 August 1948
• Docket Number: 8972.
• Citation: 33 N.W.2d 492,72 S.D. 306
• Parties: STATE v. HENGLEFELT et al.
• Court: South Dakota Supreme Court

33 N.W.2d 492

72 S.D. 306

STATE v. HENGLEFELT et al.

No. 8972.

Supreme Court of South Dakota

August 2, 1948

Sigurd Anderson Atty. Gen., and E. D. Barron, Asst Atty. Gen., and Herman Bleeker, State's Atty., of Alexandria, for plaintiff and appellant.

Morgan & Fuller, of Mitchell, and Frank Vincent, of Alexandria for defendants and respondents.

HAYES, Judge.

The state appeals from an order of the trial court sustaining a demurrer to the second of three counts in an information filed against defendants, said count alleging that defendants 'did then and there wilfully and unlawfully and feloniously commit the crime of conspiracy in that at said time and place the said Defendants, John Henglefelt and Gene Henglefelt, did conspire, confederate and agree together and with each other and with Ross Henglefelt and among themselves, to do and commit acts made a crime and offense against the State of South Dakota, that is to say: to commit the crime of assault and battery upon the person of one Allen Cummings, and that in pursuance of said unlawful conspiracy and to effect the object and purpose thereof, the said defendants and one or more of said conspirators did break open the outer door and lock of the outer door and forcibly enter the dwelling of Allen Cummings and strike, beat and wound the said Allen Cummings, contrary to the form of the Statute in such case made and provided and against the peace and dignity of the State of South Dakota.'

The first and third counts charge burglary and riot. Having proceeded to trial upon the counts last mentioned defendants were acquitted of burglary but convicted of rioting.

Two questions are argued--first, whether the language quoted above charges the commission of a public offense under the criminal law of this state and, second, if in proceeding to trial upon the first and third counts of the information the state has waived its right to appeal from the order aforesaid. Although no motion to dismiss the appeal has been made we first pass upon the contention of defendants that the appeal on the part of the state presents a moot question or that right to appeal from the order or judgment sustaining defendants' demurrer has been waived by the state.

Subdivision (1) of SDC 34.4101 authorizes an appeal by the state from a judgment for the defendant on a demurrer to the information. In State v. Spencer, 37 S.D. 219, 157 N.W. 662, this court held that an order such as was entered in the instant proceeding is a judgment within the meaning of said subsection. The information filed against defendants, as above observed, charges them with the commission of three separate offenses,--burglary, conspiracy and riot. It is not pointed out in respondents' brief just how the submission to a jury of evidence in support of the charges in counts one and three of the information would involve the question of law passed upon by the court. Assuming that count two sets forth allegations sufficient to constitute the crime of conspiracy, we fail to discern from the record any conduct on the part of the state tending to establish a waiver of its right of appeal. Conspiracy is a criminal offense altogether distinct from burglary, riot and other defined crimes. We conclude, therefore, that respondents' contention respecting a claimed waiver by the state is unsupported and without merit. The reported cases, none of which appears to us to be much in point but dealing with the question of the state's waiver of its right to appeal, are cited in footnotes to 17 C.J., Criminal Law,§ 3323, and 24 C.J.S. Criminal Law, § 1666.

With regard to the question whether count two of the information states a criminal offense it is affirmed by the state and denied by respondents that Ch. 45, Laws of 1941, embraces conspiracies other than those to commit offenses against the state government in the exercise of its sovereign authority and conspiracies to defraud the state or any of the other political subdivisions or bodies mentioned in said chapter. Respondents urge that under the provisions of the chapter referred to there can be no such crime as a conspiracy to commit larceny of private property or a conspiracy to commit assault and battery or some other criminal offense against a private citizen. The state takes the position that the language of said chapter 45 is such as to include all conspiracies to violate the criminal laws of the state. We find ourselves in general accord with this position.

We think that the state legislature by the enactment of the 1941 law of conspiracy, and the simultaneous repeal of SDC 13.0301 and 13.0302, sought and intended to adopt as the law of this state the definition of conspiracy as declared by 18 U.S.C.A § 88, relating to conspiracies to commit...