State v. Hunt

• Decision Date: 23 January 1991
• Docket Number: No. 22175-KA,22175-KA
• Citation: 573 So.2d 585
• Parties: STATE of Louisiana, Appellee, v. Terrance Keith HUNT, Appellant.
• Court: Court of Appeal of Louisiana — District of US

Page 585

573 So.2d 585

STATE of Louisiana, Appellee, v. Terrance Keith HUNT, Appellant.

No. 22175-KA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana Second Circuit.

Jan. 23, 1991.

Hunter, Scott, Blue, Johnson & Ross by Robert C. Johnson, for appellant.

William J. Guste, Jr., Atty. Gen., James A. Norris, Jr., Dist. Atty., L. Douglas Lawrence, Asst. Dist. Atty., for appellee.

Before MARVIN, FRED W. JONES, Jr. and SEXTON, JJ.

MARVIN, Chief Judge.

We amend and correct an illegal sentence in this appeal which is a sequel to State v. Hunt, 568 So.2d 1104 (La.App. 2d Cir.1990). There we affirmed Hunt's convictions for three drug offenses committed in 1988 and his consecutive hard labor sentences of 10, 10 and 20 years.

After those sentences were imposed, Hunt was adjudicated and sentenced as a second felony offender under LRS 15:529.1. This adjudication was based on his 1981 conviction for cultivation of marijuana and on one of the above mentioned 1988 convictions, possession of marijuana with intent to distribute.

Hunt now challenges the sufficiency and competency of the evidence of his habitual offender status, contending that he was not advised of his right against self-incrimination when he pleaded guilty to the 1981 offense and that some of the State's exhibits at the habitual offender hearing were not properly certified or authenticated. He also argues the 10-year enhancement of the original 10-year sentence for the 1988 marijuana offense is excessive. ¹

We find no merit in Hunt's assignments, but note, on our own motion, and correct an error in the manner in which the trial court imposed the enhanced sentence.

The court, perhaps overlooking the statutory requirement directing it to vacate the original 10-year sentence for the 1988 marijuana offense and to impose a single enhanced sentence for that offense, sentenced Hunt to "an additional 10 years at hard labor consecutive." This results in Hunt's receiving four sentences for the three 1988 offenses.

Under Sec. 529.1 D, a trial court is required to "vacate the previous sentence if already imposed" when the enhanced sentence is thereafter imposed for the substantive offense. The statute simply does not authorize separate sentences for the substantive offense and the habitual offender adjudication. This adjudication is not, under the statute, a conviction of a separate crime. State v. White, 354 So.2d 1360 (La.1978); State v. Walker, 416 So.2d 534 (La.1982).

The trial court's imposition of an additional 10-year sentence without vacating the original 10-year sentence is thus illegal. Because the court obviously intended to increase the substantive sentence from 10 to 20 years, and the correction of the illegal sentence does not involve the exercise of sentencing discretion, we amend to correct, without remanding for resentencing. CCrP Art. 882; State v. Fraser, 484 So.2d 122 (La.1986); State v. Trahan, 520 So.2d 789 (La.App. 3d Cir.1987), writ denied.

In all other respects, we affirm.

SUFFICIENCY AND COMPETENCY OF EVIDENCE

At the habitual offender hearing, two deputy sheriffs who had separately arrested Hunt on the 1981 and 1988 marijuana charges identified him as the person they had arrested. Another deputy, a fingerprint expert, testified that the fingerprints on the 1981 bill of information against Hunt matched those taken by the deputy from Hunt in the parish jail on June 5, 1989, the day his trial began on the 1988 drug charges. The State introduced, without objection, the 1989 fingerprint card, a certified copy of the 1981 bill of information containing Hunt's fingerprints, and certified copies of the court minutes reflecting Hunt's 1981 conviction and 1982 sentencing for cultivation of marijuana.

Other exhibits, admitted over Hunt's objections and complained of here, are the transcript of Hunt's 1981 guilty plea, a certified copy of the penitentiary packet showing the date of Hunt's discharge from custody for the 1981 offense as January 13, 1984, less than five years before the 1988 drug offenses were committed, and certified copies of the 1988 bill of information and the 1989 judgment sentencing Hunt for the 1988 offenses.

Hunt claimed his 1981 guilty plea was defective and could not be used for sentencing enhancement because he was not advised that he had the right to remain silent at the Boykin examination itself. He does not dispute that he was advised of his right to remain silent at trial when he entered the guilty plea. Boykin requires nothing more.

In order to effectively waive the constitutional right against self-incrimination, a defendant who pleads guilty must be advised of his right to remain silent at trial. A defendant does not have to be advised that he has a right "to stand mute and refuse to enter a plea of any nature at the Boykin examination." State v. Richard, 550 So.2d 300 (La.App. 2d Cir.1989); State v. White, 517 So.2d 461 (La.App. 1st Cir.1987), writ denied.

Hunt relies on State v. Robicheaux, 412 So.2d 1313 (La.1982) and State v. Martin, 382 So.2d 933 (La.1980), overruled in part on other grounds in State v. Williams, 392 So.2d 448 (La.1980). These cases do not avail Hunt, as they involved the failure to advise of the right to remain silent at trial. Hunt was advised of that right.

On appeal, Hunt argues for the first time that the guilty plea transcript was not properly certified or authenticated. His failure to object to the transcript on this basis in the trial court precludes our review of this contention. CCrP Art. 841; State v. Lozier, 375 So.2d 1333 (La.1979).

Hunt also contends the trial court erred in overruling his objections to the admissibility of certified copies of three documents: the penitentiary packet from the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections, the 1988 bill of information, and the 1989 judgment sentencing Hunt for the 1988 offenses. He contends these exhibits "were not properly certified by the custodian or other person authorized to make the certification [under LRS 15:529.1 F and that] there was no testimony or evidence, live or otherwise that ... the exhibits were copies of the originals as they existed in the office or custody of their respective custodians."

The penitentiary packet was certified as a "true and correct [copy] of the records of the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections regarding Terrance Keith Hunt" by the "Records Custodian for the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections, Correction Services." The bill of information and the judgment were certified as true copies by a deputy clerk of the district court.

Section 529.1 F provides that certain documents "shall be prima facie evidence of the imprisonment and of the discharge" of the person charged as a habitual offender. These documents include

The certificates of the warden or other chief officer of any state prison, or of the superintendent or other chief officer of any penitentiary of this state ... or of the clerk of court of the place of conviction in the state of Louisiana, under the seal of his office if he has a seal, containing the name of the person imprisoned, the photograph, and the fingerprints of the person as they appear in the records of his office, a statement of the court in which a conviction was had, the date and time of sentence, length of time imprisoned, and date of discharge from prison or penitentiary ...

This statute provides one method of proving prior convictions, but does not preclude proof by other competent evidence. State v. Blackwell, 377 So.2d 110 (La.1979).

A copy of a penitentiary packet certified by the officer with legal custody of the documents has been held to comply with Sec. 529.1 F. State v. Lozier, supra; State v. Lambert, 475 So.2d 791 (La.App. 3d Cir.1985), writ denied.

The certified copy of Hunt's penitentiary packet was also admissible without extrinsic evidence of authenticity under C.E.Arts. 902(2)(b) and 904. Art. 902(2)(b) defines as self-authenticating the original of "A purported record ... or other document of the State of Louisiana, or of a department ... thereof, ... certified ... by an officer or employee who identifies his official position and who ... has custody of the document ..." Art. 904 provides that when the original of a public document is self-authenticating under Art. 902, a...