State v. Meadowood I. U. Retirement Community, Inc., 1-281A51

• Decision Date: 22 September 1981
• Docket Number: No. 1-281A51,1-281A51
• Citation: 425 N.E.2d 721
• Parties: The STATE of Indiana, Indiana Department of Revenue, Defendant-Appellant, v. MEADOWOOD I. U. RETIREMENT COMMUNITY, INC., Plaintiff-Appellee.
• Court: Indiana Appellate Court

Page 721

425 N.E.2d 721

The STATE of Indiana, Indiana Department of Revenue Defendant-Appellant, v. MEADOWOOD I. U. RETIREMENT COMMUNITY, INC., Plaintiff-Appellee.

No. 1-281A51.

Court of Appeals of Indiana, First District.

Sept. 22, 1981.

Linley E. Pearson, Atty. Gen., Alembert W. Brayton, Deputy Atty. Gen., Indianapolis, for defendant-appellant.

Frank A. Barnhart, Baker, Barnhart & Andrews, Bloomington, for plaintiff-appellee.

RATLIFF, Judge.

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

The State of Indiana, by its Department of Revenue (Department), appeals from the declaratory judgment of the Brown Circuit Court, which found Meadowood I.U. Retirement Community, Inc. (Meadowood) to be exempt from the Indiana gross income tax and Indiana sales and use tax. We reverse and remand.

STATEMENT OF THE FACTS

Meadowood was organized as a not-for-profit corporation on March 24, 1977, to provide housing and related facilities and services for the elderly. Persons eligible for membership include retired Indiana University (I.U.) faculty and staff, spouses of deceased faculty and staff, I.U. alumni, and other persons determined by the Board of Directors of Meadowood to be significantly related to I.U. Upon paying a membership fee, these individuals could apply for residency at Meadowood. Their application would be reviewed by an admissions committee to determine whether the individuals have sufficient financial resources to live at Meadowood. Residents at Meadowood would pay an initial residency fee ranging from $20,000 to $70,000, depending on the size of the living unit, monthly service charges, and a security deposit. At the time of trial, Meadowood's facilities were in the building stage. Upon completion, these facilities were to include one hundred eighty-four independent living units, a health clinic, a community center, a dining facility, exercise facilities, and recreational facilities.

Meadowood has been granted tax-exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service, special mailing privileges by the U.S. Postal Service as a philanthropic organization, and a property tax exemption from the City of Bloomington. However, Meadowood's 1977 income tax return for a not-for-profit organization exempt from Indiana gross income tax was returned by Department on July 20, 1978, because Meadowood did not have a not-for-profit registration number issued by Department. On July 25, 1978, Meadowood applied for tax-exempt status with Department, and Department denied the application on October 11, 1978, finding Meadowood to be subject to Indiana gross income tax and sales and use tax. This denial was affirmed on administrative appeal on April 25, 1979. Meadowood's Form IT-35AR, Indiana Return for Not-for-Profit Organization Exempt from Indiana Gross Income Tax, which was filed on May 15, 1979, was returned by Department on May 25, 1979, because Meadowood did not qualify for exempt status.

Meadowood filed suit on July 2, 1979, requesting a declaratory judgment that it is a corporation organized and operating exclusively for charitable, educational, and civic purposes. The trial court entered a judgment declaring Meadowood to be owned and operated for charitable, educational, and civic purposes and to be exempt from Indiana gross income tax and Indiana sales and use tax under Ind.Code 6-2-1-7(i)(1) and Ind.Code 6-2.5-5-25.

ISSUES

Department raises the following issues, which we have consolidated and restated, for our consideration:

1. Whether the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction of this case.

2. Whether the trial court's decision that Meadowood is a tax-exempt corporation is contrary to law.

DISCUSSION AND DECISION

Issue One

Department contends Meadowood could not seek relief from Department's adverse ruling on Meadowood's tax exempt status by means of a declaratory judgment action in circuit court. Specifically, Department states that Meadowood's remedy is contained in Ind.Code 6-2-1-19(a) (repealed 1981) and that pursuant to IC 6-2-1-19(a) (repealed 1981) Meadowood must pay the taxes and then bring an action to recover those taxes as provided in the statute. This remedy, Department alleges, is the sole remedy which Meadowood can use because of Ind.Code 6-2-1-19(d) (repealed 1981), which states:

"(d) No injunction to restrain or delay the collection of any tax claimed to be due under the provisions of this act shall be issued by any court, but in all cases in which, for any reason, it be claimed that any such tax about to be collected is wrongful or illegal in whole or in part, the remedy, except as otherwise expressly provided in this act, shall be by payment and action to recover such tax as provided in this section."

Meadowood contends IC 6-2-1-19(d) (repealed 1981) does not apply to declaratory relief or to the present case since no tax was to be collected or had been assessed at the time suit was filed. We disagree.

The issue of whether IC 6-2-1-19(d) (repealed 1981) applies to an action for declaratory relief has been decided adversely to Meadowood in Indiana Dept. of State Revenue v. Indiana Gamma Gamma of Alpha Tau Omega, Inc., (1979) Ind.App., 394 N.E.2d 187, trans. denied. In the ATO case, the plaintiff, Indiana Gamma Gamma Chapter of Alpha Tau Omega, Inc. (ATO), brought a suit against Department for a refund of taxes and for a declaratory judgment, alleging that it had been compelled to pay Indiana gross income tax and wrongfully denied a refund since it was exempt from such tax. The trial court found that ATO was entitled to a refund and also found the plaintiff to be exempt from paying Indiana gross income tax and Indiana sales and use tax. On appeal, Department contended the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to enter a declaratory judgment in the case. This court agreed with Department. Judge Lybrook, after reviewing the provisions of IC 6-2-1-19 (repealed 1981), stated:

"The emphasized language in Ind.Code 6-2-1-19, supra, has been uniformly interpreted by the courts to be an explicit expression of the intent of the legislature that a taxpayer's sole and exclusive remedy, whether requesting a refund or questioning the legality of the imposition of...