State v. Myers

• Decision Date: 04 February 1946
• Docket Number: 203.
• Citation: 22 N.W.2d 199,74 N.D. 297
• Parties: STATE v. MYERS et al.
• Court: North Dakota Supreme Court

22 N.W.2d 199

74 N.D. 297

STATE v. MYERS et al.

No. 203.

Supreme Court of North Dakota

February 4, 1946

Syllabus by the Court.

1. Where it is demanded, an appellant is entitled to a trial de novo upon an appeal from juvenile court.

2. A child who habitually associates with dissolute, vicious or immoral persons is a delinquent child and the juvenile court has jurisdiction to make an order with respect to his custody.

3. An order with respect to the custody of a child must be made solely upon considerations of his welfare and the good of the state.

4. The good of the state requires that a child be removed from a community only when his delinquency is such that he has become a danger to society either because of his own conduct or his influence on others.

5. The evidence is considered and it is held that the welfare of the child and the good of the state do not require that the defendant delinquent in this case be committed to the State Training School.

Ralph F Croal, State's Atty., and John Pollock, Juvenile Commissioner both of Fargo, for plaintiff.

J. E Hendrickson, of Fargo, for defendants and appellants.

BURKE, Judge.

The appellant, Frank Myers, was adjudged a delinquent minor in juvenile court of Cass County and committed to the State Training School. Both he and his mother, Eva Myers, have appealed from the order of commitment and have asked a trial anew in this court upon the entire record in the case. Appellants' request for a trial de novo is a proper one. Section 27-1632, R.C.1943, provides: 'Any order made by this court (juvenile court) may be reviewed or appealed in the manner provided for the review of civil cases.'

Section 28-2732, R.C.1943, relating to judicial procedure in civil cases, insofar as it is pertinent, reads as follows: 'On appeal in any action tried by the court, without a jury whether triable to a jury or not * * *. The supreme court shall try anew the questions of fact specified in the statement or in the entire case, if the appellant demands a retrial of the entire case, and shall finally dispose of the same whenever justice can be done without a new trial * * *.' It is thus clear, that where it is demanded a trial de novo is an appellant's statutory right on an appeal from juvenile court.

There are two questions in the case. 1. Does the record establish that Frank Myers is delinquent in the degree which the statute requires as a jurisdictional basis for an order with respect to his custody? 2. The jurisdictional basis being established, was the order of commitment to the State Training School for the best interests of Frank Myers and the State of North Dakota?

The record discloses that Frank who was 16 years old on November 7 1945, is one of four sons of Eva Myers. When he was two years old the Myers' home was broken by divorce and Frank and his brothers were given into the mother's custody. Mrs. Myers worked as a cook in the Fargo bus depot and at other jobs. She kept her family together until 1941, when all four boys were committed to institutional care at the Lake Park Children's Home because of their mother's inability to provide for their support. In 1943, Mrs. Myers secured employment as a waitress in the Waldorf liquor store which has been described in the record and argument in the case as a 'cocktail lounge' and 'night club.' She is still so employed. Her wages are $25 a week and she testified that her tips average about the same amount.

In the spring of 1944, at the close of the school year, Frank left the Children's Home at Lake Park with the approval of all interested parties. He secured employment at Hope, N. D., as a farm hand. He worked the entire summer in this employment and earned $125. In the fall he came to Fargo to live with his mother. He entered the ninth grade at the Roosevelt Junior High School. After school hours he worked at odd employments including the setting of pins in bowling alleys. He completed his school work with satisfactory grades and was promoted to the tenth grade. As soon as school was out in the summer of 1945, he found employment doing odd jobs of yard work. In July and August he worked for the Northern States Power Company doing a man's work as an ordinary laborer. He worked an eight hour day and was paid 73 1/2 cents an hour. His employer has testified to his ability and dependability. At the beginning of the current school year, he left this employment and entered the tenth grade at Fargo High School. In addition to his regular school work, he became a member of the football squad and continued to engage in gainful employment after school hours.

During all of the time after he left the Children's Home at Lake Park, Frank has purchased all of his clothes with his own earnings. At all times he has given his mother money to help defray their living expense and during the time he worked for the Northern States Power Company he paid her $20 a month. At the time of the hearing in this case, on September 17, 1945, he had a balance of $185 in his savings account with the Northwestern Savings and Loan Association, he had $200 in war bonds which he had purchased with his own savings and a $50 war bond which his mother had given him.

It appeared, however, that in March 1945, Frank was invited by two girl acquaintances to attend a party at the home of a Mrs. Selstrom, a place which later achieved scandalous notoriety. Frank attended this party and thereafter became one of a group of boys and girls who frequented this home. Mrs. Selstrom is a vicious woman. She is 24 years of age and while her husband was away in the army, made her home a rendezvous where boys and girls who were scarcely more than children might gather to engage in practices condemned both by the moral law and the law of the land. There they learned to drink intoxicating beverages purchased by Mrs. Selstrom for the most part with money they contributed for the purpose. There, some of them at least, learned and were afforded an opportunity to engage in sex delinquency. No doubt, their hostess was preceptress as well for she took one of the boys as her own paramour.

It is not contended that Frank was a participant in these immoral practices to the extent that others were. He stated that for the most part he just sat around and listened to the phonograph. He drank some of the whiskey and beer that were provided and on one occasion 'loaned' Mrs. Selstrom $2 with which she purchased intoxicating liquor. On another occasion he slept all night on the floor at the Selstrom home while Mrs. Selstrom and her particular friend occupied a bed in another room. The juvenile commissioner who investigated the affair thoroughly stated 'as far as I know there is no question of sex delinquency in which he (Frank) was involved.' Nevertheless, there is no question but that Frank was aware of what took place at the Selstrom home, and knowing it, he continued to go there until an automobile accident early in August 1945, focused official attention upon the disgraceful situation.

Section 27-1608, R.C.1943, provides:

'Except as otherwise provided by law, the court (juvenile) shall have original jurisdiction in all proceedings:

'1. Concerning any child residing in or who is temporarily within the county:

'a. * * *

'b. * * *

'c. Who habitually associates with dissolute, vicious, or immoral persons, or who is leading an immoral or vicious life. * * *'

Clearly Frank's conduct was such as to bring him within the provisions of subsection c, supra, and the juvenile court therefore had jurisdiction to make an order with respect to his custody.

We thus reach the second question. Was the order committing Frank to the State Training School for his best interests and for the best interests of the State of North Dakota? The order of the juvenile judge makes it clear, that in reaching his decision he took into consideration the scandalous nature of the Selstrom affair as a whole, Frank's individual delinquency, the commitments that he had ordered in the cases of other participants in that affair who had been before him, the moral atmosphere of the City of Fargo, the fact that Frank's mother's working hours, which were from 6 o'clock p. m. until 1 o'clock a. m., made his supervision by her difficult, and the deterrent effect which the commitment would have upon other juveniles.

We realize that proper disposition of cases of juvenile delinquency requires a delicate balancing of mixed considerations and that even the most careful weighing of pertinent factors can only result in conclusions that are speculative to the extent that they attempt to predict the course of future events. Confidence that a correct conclusion has been reached must of necessity rest upon hope founded in experience, rather than on certainty. We think therefore that the problem should be approached in a spirit of optimism and that drastic remedies...