State v. Robinson

Decision Date04 November 1992
Docket NumberNo. 23760,23760
Citation426 S.E.2d 317,310 S.C. 535
CourtSouth Carolina Supreme Court
PartiesThe STATE, Respondent, v. Roland Rod ROBINSON, Petitioner. . Heard

Asst. Appellate Defender Tara Dawn Shurling of S.C. Office of Appellate Defense, Columbia, for petitioner.

Atty. Gen. T. Travis Medlock, Asst. Attys. Gen., Harold M. Coombs, Jr. and William Edgar Salter, III, Columbia, and Sol. Ralph J. Wilson, Conway, for respondent.

HARWELL, Chief Justice:

We granted petitioner Roland Rod Robinson's (Robinson) application for writ of certiorari to review the Court of Appeal's decision in State v. Robinson, 306 S.C. 323, 411 S.E.2d 678 (Ct.App.1991). Robinson contends that the Court of Appeals erred in holding that he was not entitled to a directed verdict of acquittal at the close of the State's case. We affirm as modified.

I. FACTS

Robinson was arrested after a narcotics officer saw him toss a makeshift crack pipe into a trash can shortly after police began a sweep through a bar known for drug use. The officer recovered the pipe and a plastic vial from the otherwise empty trash can and preserved them as evidence. The pipe and vial were later tested by a chemist at the State Law Enforcement Division (SLED).

At Robinson's trial in absentia, the SLED chemist testified that she found trace amounts of cocaine in the vial and pipe, but not enough to weigh. Defense counsel moved for a directed verdict of acquittal, alleging that the evidence could not support a finding that Robinson possessed cocaine beyond a reasonable doubt. The motion was denied and a jury found Robinson guilty of possessing cocaine. Robinson appealed.

The Court of Appeals held that a person must possess a measurable amount of a controlled substance to be convicted for its possession, and that the "circumstances [in this case] reasonably tend to prove Robinson at some time reasonably contemporaneous with his arrest possessed a measurable amount of cocaine." Robinson petitioned this Court for a writ of certiorari.

II. DISCUSSION
A. Amount Required for Conviction

The question of whether a minimum amount of a controlled substance is necessary to support a conviction for simple possession has never been presented to this Court. Robinson urges that the "measurable amount" standard adopted by the Court of Appeals is correct, but that it was misapplied in affirming his conviction because the testimony at trial established that he did not possess a measurable amount of cocaine. We do not agree that a "measurable amount" of a controlled substance is required to sustain a conviction for possession of a controlled substance.

S.C.Code Ann. § 44-53-370(c) (1985) provides:

It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly or intentionally to possess a controlled substance unless the substance was obtained directly from, or pursuant to a valid prescription or order of, a practitioner while acting in the course of his professional practice, or except as otherwise authorized by this article.

When interpreting a statute, this Court's primary function is to ascertain the intention of the legislature. The words used in the statute must be given their plain and ordinary meaning without resorting to subtle or forced construction to limit or expand the statute's operation. Gilstrap v. S.C. Budget and Control Board, --- S.C. ----, 423 S.E.2d 101 (1992).

In our view, the plain and ordinary language of section 44-53-370(c) indicates that the legislature intended to prohibit the possession of any controlled substance. The statute does not specify a minimum amount required for conviction. Therefore, we hold that "any amount" of a controlled substance is sufficient to sustain a conviction for possession of that substance. See State v. Goldsmith, 301 S.C. 463, 392 S.E.2d 787 (1990) (any amount of a controlled substance when coupled with sufficient indicia of intent to distribute will support conviction for possession with intent to distribute); State v. Fontenot, 578 So.2d 1032, writ denied, 582 So.2d 1305 (La.1991) (invisible and unweighable residue in pipe).

B. Directed Verdict

Having established that "any amount" of a controlled substance will sustain a conviction, we turn to whether the Court of Appeals was correct in finding that the trial judge did not err by refusing to grant Robinson a directed verdict. Robinson contends that because there was too little of the substance to see with the naked eye, it is impossible for the State to show that he knowingly possessed it. We disagree.

In considering a motion for a directed verdict, the judge is concerned with the existence or non-existence of evidence, not with its...

To continue reading

Request your trial
15 cases
  • State v. Needs
    • United States
    • South Carolina Supreme Court
    • November 23, 1998
    ...when appellant failed to assert it at trial); State v. Meyers, 262 S.C. 222, 203 S.E.2d 678 (1974) (same); Issue 2: State v. Robinson, 310 S.C. 535, 426 S.E.2d 317 (1992) (in considering motion for directed verdict, judge is concerned with existence or non-existence of evidence, not with it......
  • State v. Wood, 14949
    • United States
    • Court of Appeals of New Mexico
    • April 19, 1994
    ...cert. denied, 220 Conn. 925, 598 A.2d 366 (1991); State v. Vance, 61 Haw. 291, 602 P.2d 933, 943-44 (1979); State v. Robinson, 426 S.E.2d 317, 318 (S.C.1992) (holding that a "measurable amount" of a controlled substance is not required to sustain a conviction of possession of narcotics; leg......
  • State v. Baucom
    • United States
    • South Carolina Court of Appeals
    • February 16, 1999
    ...S.C. 555, 561, 430 S.E.2d 511, 515 (1993). The statute's words "must be given their plain and ordinary meaning." State v. Robinson, 310 S.C. 535, 538, 426 S.E.2d 317, 318 (1992). "A statute is not to be read in an atmosphere of sterility, but in the context of what actually happens when hum......
  • State v. Fennell
    • United States
    • South Carolina Supreme Court
    • March 27, 2000
    ...which reasonably tends to prove the guilt of the accused, or from which his guilt may be fairly or logically deduced. State v. Robinson, 310 S.C. 535, 426 S.E.2d 317 (1992). In reviewing the denial of a motion for a directed verdict, the evidence must be viewed in the light most favorable t......
  • Request a trial to view additional results
3 books & journal articles
  • A. Contraband
    • United States
    • The Criminal Law of South Carolina (SCBar) Chapter V Other Offenses
    • Invalid date
    ...In order to convict for possession of drugs, there need not be a measurable amount of the contraband substance. State v. Robinson, 310 S.C. 535, 426 S.E.2d 317 (1992). So long as the prosecution proves the possession of any amount of a drug, even an amount not capable of measurement, the de......
  • Table of Cases
    • United States
    • Invalid date
    ...v. Robinson, 306 S.C. 399, 412 S.E.2d 411 (1991)..............................................................8, 33 State v. Robinson, 310 S.C. 535, 426 S.E.2d 317 (1992).................................................................. 23 State v. Robinson, 344 S.C. 220, 543 S.E.2d 249 (Ct......
  • B. Miscellaneous Possession Issues
    • United States
    • Drug Litigation in South Carolina (SCBar) Chapter I Possession
    • Invalid date
    ...State v. Brown, 319 S.C. 400, 461 S.E.2d 828 (Ct. App. 1995); State v. Bultron, 318 S.C. 323, 457 S.E.2d 616 (Ct. App. 1995). [108] 310 S.C. 535, 426 S.E.2d 317 (1992).[109] State v. Robinson, 306 S.C. 32, 411 S.E.2d 678 (Ct. App. 1991).[110] State v. Robinson, 306 S.C. 323, 411 S.E.2d 678 ......

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT