State v. Salisbury
Decision Date | 05 November 2008 |
Docket Number | A133695.,D062190T. |
Citation | 223 Or. App. 516,196 P.3d 1017 |
Parties | STATE of Oregon, Plaintiff-Respondent, v. Nicholas Alan SALISBURY, Defendant-Appellant. |
Court | Oregon Court of Appeals |
Kristin A. Carveth, Deputy Public Defender, argued the cause for appellant. With her on the brief was Peter Gartlan, Chief Defender, Legal Services Division, Office of Public Defense Services.
Tiffany Keast, Assistant Attorney General, argued the cause for respondent. With her on the brief were Hardy Myers, Attorney General, and Mary H. Williams, Solicitor General.
Before EDMONDS, Presiding Judge, and SERCOMBE, Judge, and SIMPSON, Judge pro tempore.
Defendant appeals from a judgment of conviction for driving under the influence of intoxicants (DUII). ORS 813.010. Defendant argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion to suppress evidence obtained after officers entered his residence without a search warrant. We review for errors of law, ORS 138.220, and conclude that the officer's entry into defendant's apartment violated Article I, section 9, of the Oregon Constitution. We therefore reverse and remand.
The trial court made extensive findings of historical fact in support of its legal determination that Article I, section 9, was not violated. Because those findings are supported by the evidence in the record, we accept them as an accurate description of what actually transpired. Also, where the court did not make express findings, and there is evidence from which such facts could be decided in more than one way, we will presume that those factual disputes were decided in a manner consistent with the trial court's ultimate conclusion. State v. Stevens, 311 Or. 119, 126-27, 806 P.2d 92 (1991); Ball v. Gladden, 250 Or. 485, 487, 443 P.2d 621 (1968). Finally, we include in the statement of facts for purposes of this opinion those facts that are unconverted in the record.
At approximately 2:45 a.m., Officer Miller of the Hillsboro City Police Department was in his patrol car when he saw a car abruptly stop at a signal light at an intersection. He suspected that the car had exceeded the 35 mile-per-hour speed limit as it approached the intersection. From his vantage point, he could see well enough to observe the appearance of the person driving the car. After conducting a computer check of the car's license plate, he was able to match the description of the driver with that of the registered owner, and he learned that the registered owner's resided at a nearby apartment complex. Miller also discovered that the registered owner did not have an Oregon driver's license, which is a violation of Oregon law but not a criminal offense. After obtaining the above information, Miller turned his patrol car around and drove to the registered owner's address.
As Miller arrived at the address, he saw defendant as he was getting out of the driver's side door of the car that he had observed at the intersection. Miller also observed that defendant's appearance was similar to the description of the registered owner. Miller called out to defendant, using the first name of the registered owner. Defendant responded, and quickly walked away from Miller. Miller followed defendant up the stairs leading to defendant's apartment, while informing defendant that he needed to speak with him. Nonetheless, defendant continued to move rapidly up the stairs to his third-floor apartment, went into the apartment, and closed the door behind him. The trial court found that "[t]he officer went to the door, arrived shortly before it was closed, and heard the lock being engaged and knew that it had been locked."
Miller announced that he was a police officer and that he needed to speak with defendant. After no one came to the door in response to Miller's statements, he returned to his patrol car and contacted the dispatcher. Miller tried unsuccessfully to find a phone number for the apartment so he could call to check on the occupants. He was also unable to contact the apartment manager. Defendant's neighbors testified that they heard yelling from the apartment and, according to the trial court's finding, "at least one loud noise, a thud, that was not specifically identified, * * * that went on for some period of up to five minutes[.]"1 Other police officers arrived at the scene to assist Miller, among them Officer Garcia, who positioned himself below and behind defendant's apartment.
From his position behind the apartment, Garcia could hear mumbling and talking within the apartment, although he could not hear what was being said. Garcia reported what he heard to Miller and the other officers who arrived on the scene. When Miller returned to the apartment door with the other officers, Garcia saw the lights go out in the apartment and, from his position, he could clearly hear the officers pounding on the door. Again, Garcia reported his observations to the other officers.
Defendant was taken into custody as soon as the officers entered the bedroom. The woman in the apartment was not physically injured. After taking defendant into custody, officers observed a strong odor of alcohol coming from his breath. Consequently, field sobriety tests were administered to defendant, which he failed. Based on his failure of the tests, defendant was charged with and convicted of DUII.
Before trial, defendant filed a motion to suppress any evidence that was discovered after the officers entered his apartment and that tended to show that he was under the influence of intoxicants. Defendant argued that the police violated his constitutional rights against unlawful search and seizure under Article I, section 9, of the Oregon Constitution and the United States Constitution by entering his apartment without a search warrant. The state contended that the entry was lawful under the emergency aid doctrine and the community caretaking statute, ORS 133.033. The trial court denied the motion to suppress, reasoning:
We appreciate the trial court's sensitivity to the circumstances that existed, but we are obligated to apply the applicable rules of law as the state and federal constitutions require. The above findings frame the legal determination before us. Our task is to decide whether the trial court's legal conclusion based on those findings is correct. Because our decision under the Oregon Constitution is dispositive, we turn first to its provisions. Article I, section 9, prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. In order to search a person's residence without a search warrant, the police must act within one of the established exceptions to the warrant requirement of Article I, section 9.2 Stevens, 311 Or. at 126, 806 P.2d 92. The state bears the burden of proving that an exception to the search warrant requirement exists. Id.
The state argues that the officers were justified in entering defenda...
To continue reading
Request your trial-
State v. Pierce
...the crime of disorderly conduct — and not that they were attempting to render emergency aid. See generally State v. Salisbury, 223 Or.App. 516, 524-25, 196 P.3d 1017 (2008) (officers heard yelling and screaming within the curtilage of an apartment consistent with a "domestic quarrel," but t......
-
State v. Powell
...warrant exceptions. The state bears the burden of proving that an exception to the warrant requirement exists. State v. Salisbury, 223 Or. App. 516, 522, 196 P.3d 1017 (2008) (citing State v. Stevens, 311 Or. 119, 126, 806 P.2d 92 (1991) ). We conclude that the stop and search in this case ......
- State v. Tabib
-
State v. Mazzola
...(2006). We addressed the application of those elements to circumstances highly analogous to those presented here in State v. Salisbury, 223 Or.App. 516, 196 P.3d 1017 (2008). In Salisbury, the officer heard male and female voices yelling and screaming, and profanity coming from inside the d......