State v. Stenseth

• Decision Date: 05 August 2003
• Docket Number: No. 02-3330-CR.,02-3330-CR.
• Citation: State v. Stenseth, 2003 WI App 198, 266 Wis.2d 959, 669 N.W.2d 776 (Wis. App. 2003)
• Parties: STATE of Wisconsin, Plaintiff-Respondent, v. Rodney K. STENSETH, Defendant-Appellant.
• Court: Wisconsin Court of Appeals

266 Wis.2d 959

2003 WI App 198

669 N.W.2d 776

STATE of Wisconsin, Plaintiff-Respondent, v.Rodney K. STENSETH, Defendant-Appellant.¹

No. 02-3330-CR.

Court of Appeals of Wisconsin.

Submitted on briefs June 24, 2003.

Decided August 5, 2003.

On behalf of the defendant-appellant, the cause was submitted on the briefs of Robert A. Ferge, Chippewa Falls.

On behalf of the plaintiff-respondent, the cause was submitted on the brief of Peggy A. Lautenschlager,attorney general, and Stephen W. Kleinmaier, assistant attorney general.

Before Cane, C.J., Hoover, P.J., and Peterson, J.

¶ 1.PETERSON, J.

Rodney Stenseth appeals an amended judgment of conviction and an order denying his postconviction motion for a new sentencing hearing.Stenseth argues: (1)the State breached the plea agreement by implying the court should follow the sentence recommended by the presentence investigation report, rather than the sentence recommended by the plea agreement, and (2)he is entitled to a new sentencing hearing because his sentence was modified in his absence.We disagree with both of Stenseth's arguments and affirm the judgment and order.

BACKGROUND

¶ 2.The State charged Stenseth on January 16, 2001, with four criminal counts of first-degree recklessly endangering safety and a misdemeanor count of disorderly conduct, with a repeat offender allegation included on each count.The charges arose out of activities that occurred at Stenseth's home late at night on January 5 into the early morning of January 6.Stenseth's wife called the police to their home after Stenseth yelled and screamed at her during an argument.When deputy sheriff Burt Zielke arrived at the home, Stenseth ran after Zielke with knives and attempted to stab Zielke.People at the scene, whom Stenseth also attempted to stab, subdued Stenseth.

¶ 3.Stenseth entered into a plea agreement.He pled guilty to one count of recklessly endangering safety, a Class D felony, with a maximum period of confinement of five years followed by a maximum of five years' extended supervision.The State moved to dismiss the remaining counts plus the repeat offender allegations.The State agreed to recommend two years' incarceration followed by four years' extended supervision, consecutive to any sentence Stenseth was currently serving.

¶ 4.The court accepted Stenseth's plea and dismissed the remaining counts and the repeater allegation in accordance with the plea agreement.A presentence investigation report was ordered.The report recommended eight years in prison and two years' extended supervision.

¶ 5.At the sentencing hearing, Stenseth called two witnesses: Stenseth's wife and a pastor.Both testified that they would support Stenseth when he was out of prison.His wife also testified that Stenseth had been responding to treatment.The State did not call any witnesses.Instead, the State referred to the presentence report, commenting that it agreed with some statements in the report.Stenseth objected and argued that the State's comments were an endorsement of the report's sentence recommendation, contrary to the plea agreement.The court asked the State if it was sticking with the plea agreement's sentence recommendation.The State said it was.Ultimately, the court imposed a sentence of seven years' confinement followed by three years' extended supervision.¶ 6.Stenseth filed motions for postconviction relief requesting a new sentencing hearing.He argued, among other things, that the sentence was illegal because the period of confinement exceeded the maximum of five years.

¶ 7.The court held a telephone conference to discuss Stenseth's motions.Stenseth's attorney and the district attorney participated in the call.The court agreed that the original sentence was illegal, and ordered the sentence amended to five years' confinement followed by five years' extended supervision.

DISCUSSION

Breach of the plea agreement

[1, 2]

¶ 8.Terms of a plea agreement and the historical facts surrounding the conduct that allegedly constitutes a breach are findings of fact that we will not disturb unless they are clearly erroneous.State v. Williams,2002 WI 1, ¶ 5, 249 Wis. 2d 492, 637 N.W.2d 733(Williams II).Whether the conduct actually constitutes a breach, however, is a question of law that we review independently.Id.

¶ 9.Stenseth argues that the breach is a close call and that he should therefore be given the benefit of the doubt.Consequently, he maintains that we should interpret the State's comments during the sentencing hearing as an adoption of the presentence investigation report's sentence recommendation.Stenseth bases his argument on State v. Williams,2001 WI App 7, 241 Wis. 2d 1, 624 N.W.2d 164(Williams I).

[3, 4]

¶ 10.However, the supreme court has expressly rejected the close case rule of Williams I. SeeWilliams II,249 Wis. 2d 492, ¶ 20.Instead, the supreme court has determined that we must examine the entire sentencing proceeding to evaluate whether a prosecutor's statements constitute a breach of the plea agreement.Id.,¶ 46.A defendant is entitled to relief when there is a material and substantial breach.Id.,¶ 38.A breach is material and substantial when there is a "violation of the terms of the agreement that defeats the benefit for which the accused bargained."Id.

[5-7]

¶ 11.When discussing a plea recommendation, the State may not give a less than neutral recitation of the agreement's terms.Id.,¶ 42.However, "A prosecutor may convey information to the sentencing court that is both favorable and unfavorable to an accused, so long as the State abides by the plea agreement."Id.,¶ 44.Unfavorable information may be used to support the agreed-upon recommendation.Id.,¶ 55.

[8]

¶ 12.Here, the State's reference to the plea agreement was not less than neutral.It simply agreed with the report that Stenseth needed to be incarcerated, without commenting on the sentence recommendation in the report.Testimony given by Stenseth's witnesses could have supported a request for probation only.The State referred to information in the presentence investigation report only to support the recommendation that Stenseth be sentenced to prison rather than straight probation.In fact, when Stenseth objected to the State's use of the presentence report in its argument, the court noted:

[T]he District attorney could well have inferred from the tenor and tone of your [Stenseth's attorney's] presentation of the witnesses that you were going to recommend a straight probationary term.And it is consistent with her plea agreement and with her commitment to you and to the defendant to say that's not a good idea, Judge.

There really has to be, in the state's view, actual confinement.There actually has to be a sentence.There actually has to be extended supervision.Straight probation should not be the order of the Court.And that interpretation of counsel's remarks is consistent with her plea agreement to you.

Although Stenseth's attorney stated he was not going to argue for probation, the court was free to impose any sentence it thought appropriate, including probation.There was nothing improper in the State arguing facts in opposition to probation.

¶ 13.At no time did the State argue for anything other than the agreed-upon sentence.Nor did it mention that the presentence report recommended a longer sentence.The State properly used the presentence report in support of the plea agreement's sentence recommendation.Consequently, the State did not violate the terms of the plea agreement, and thus there was no breach.²Stenseth's absence from the postconviction hearing

[9]

¶ 14.The court originally sentenced Stenseth to seven years' confinement and three years' extended supervision after being convicted of recklessly endangering safety, a Class D felony.However, the maximum period of confinement for a Class D felony conviction is five years, followed by a maximum of five years' extended supervision.WIS. STAT. §§ 939.50,973.01(2)(b)(1999-2000).³

¶ 15.After Stenseth filed his postconviction motions, the court and the attorneys participated in a telephone conference.During the conference, the court agreed that the original sentence was illegal and amended the...