Stepney v. Lopes, Civ. No. H-84-306(PCD).

• Decision Date: 29 March 1984
• Docket Number: Civ. No. H-84-306(PCD).
• Citation: 597 F. Supp. 11
• Parties: William H. STEPNEY, Jr. v. Raymond LOPES, et al.
• Court: U.S. District Court — District of Connecticut

597 F. Supp. 11

William H. STEPNEY, Jr. v. Raymond LOPES, et al.

Civ. No. H-84-306(PCD).

United States District Court, D. Connecticut.

March 29, 1984.

James A. Wade, Sally S. King, Robinson, Robinson & Cole, Hartford, Conn., for plaintiff.

Carl Schuman, Anne Dranginis, Wallingford, Conn., for defendants.

RULING ON MOTION FOR STAY ON EXECUTION OF SENTENCE

DORSEY, District Judge.

In this action William H. Stepney, Jr. (petitioner) seeks relief in the form of a Writ of Habeas Corpus from the sentence of the Superior Court for the State of Connecticut. 28 U.S.C. §§ 2241, et seq. Preliminarily petitioner moves for a stay of the execution of his sentence pending the outcome of his petition. 28 U.S.C. § 2251. For the reasons set forth herein, the motion for a stay of execution of sentence is denied.

Facts

Petitioner was accused by the State of Connecticut of causing the death of Barbara McKitis on May 9, 1979. He was tried in the Superior Court, to a jury, and convicted of murder, specifically of the violation of Conn.Gen.Stat. § 53a-54a. He was sentenced to incarceration for 22 years to life. He appealed his conviction but was denied. State v. Stepney, 191 Conn. 233, 235-36, 464 A.2d 758 (1983). He petitioned the United States Supreme Court for a petition of certiorari but was denied. ___ U.S. ___, 104 S.Ct. 1455, 79 L.Ed.2d 772 (1984). Pending his petition for certiorari, the Connecticut Supreme Court stayed the execution of his sentence. He remains at liberty, on bond, as he has been since his conviction. He has not exhausted his appeal rights as there is still time for a petition for a rehearing of the petition for certiorari to the Supreme Court.

The grounds of his petition are:

A. That a trial court ruling permitting evidence as to the circumstances and petitioner's demeanor when, pre-arrest, he terminated an interview by a police officer, violated petitioner's rights under the fifth amendment.

B. That the trial court's jury instructions on the credibility of petitioner and his wife violated the petitioner's right of equal protection under the fourteenth amendment.

C. That cumulatively, A and B above constituted a violation of petitioner's right to due process.

Petitioner is 67, to be 68 within the month. He speaks without the aid of his voice box, removed due to cancer many years ago. He has had at least one heart attack and is on a medication regimen. He has had a mild stroke with slight residual effect on the right side of his face and a partial loss of sight in the right eye. He has high blood pressure.

Claim

This stay is sought on the basis of plaintiff's health and the substance of his claim. No claim is made that incarceration would have an immediate, adverse effect on his health. No claim is made that the administrators of the Connecticut Correction System cannot or will not provide petitioner with the care his physical condition requires or may necessitate. Nor is any claim made that the substance of petitioner's legal claim presents any unique issues reflective of any grossly wrongful denial of his rights, but involves a claim of impropriety, on a constitutional basis, in evidentiary rulings by the trial judge.

It is to be noted that this case by agreement of the parties, is to be determined on the record of the trial in Superior Court, the transcript of which is readily available. Thus, as will be provided in this memorandum, issues can be joined and this case can be decided in a relatively short time.

Discussion

Though petitioner remains at large, his status constitutes sufficient custody to permit a habeas corpus. Hensley v. Municipal Court, 411 U.S. 345, 93 S.Ct. 1571, 36 L.Ed.2d 294 (1973). A stay, as sought by petitioner, is equivalent to the admission to bail and is within the authority of the court. In re Shuttlesworth, 369 U.S. 35, 82 S.Ct. 551, 7 L.Ed.2d 548 (1962). Indeed this court has granted such motions. United States ex rel. Smith v. DiBella, 314 F.Supp. 446, 448 (D.Conn.1970); Moynahan v. Manson, 419 F.Supp. 1139, 1141 n. 2 (D.Conn.1976), aff'd, 559 F.2d 1204 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 939, 98 S.Ct. 430, 54 L.Ed.2d 299 (1977).

Whether to grant the motion requires consideration of the effect of denial as opposed to the grant. A denial would subject the petitioner to execution of the sentence, i.e. incarceration. It would not bar his release if his petition is ultimately granted as merited. It does subject him to the sentence of the Superior Court which, under principles of comity, is entitled to considerable weight. Petitioner has passed the point of presumption of his innocence. That was stricken by the verdict of the jury. His case was reviewed as to the legality of his sentence on motion to the trial court, on appeal to the Connecticut Supreme Court, and, to a limited degree,¹ on petition for certiorari. Petitioner therefore is not due the consideration of one merely accused or even one convicted but who has not exhausted his appeal rights. Ostrer v. United States, 584 F.2d 594 (2d Cir.1978). Any meritorious writ of habeas corpus constitutes an adjudication of the illegality of the petitioner's custodial status, presumably from its inception, and thus any successful petitioner will have been found to have been wrongfully in custody from its inception and until released on the grant of the writ. The flip side of the coin is, however, that a stay relieves a petitioner from a sentence and custody which, if the writ is not ultimately granted, would have been deemed to have been lawful from the outset. Under such circumstances, one who ultimately is found to have been lawfully subject to custody will have walked free when he should have been incarcerated. Granting stays of sentences in these habeas corpus proceedings would create the danger that every prisoner would be invited to flood the state or federal courts, successively and repeatedly ad infinitum.²

Apart from this impact of a grant on the system, a grant would further constitute an affront to the state criminal prosecution system in that a grant would deny the state the right to bring to conclusion its criminal prosecutions and the judgments of its courts after a conviction has been lawfully obtained. The federal court should tread lightly before such a disruption is visited on the state.

The decision of the court must, then, balance the justness of a grant and its effect on the administration and enforcement of the state criminal law as opposed to a denial with its attendant impact on the petitioner. There are several factors which have...