Stevens v. Dowden
| Decision Date | 19 December 1960 |
| Docket Number | No. 110,110 |
| Citation | 125 So.2d 234 |
| Parties | Dr. Ewell STEVENS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Furman I. DOWDEN, Defendant-Appellee. |
| Court | Court of Appeal of Louisiana — District of US |
Plauche & Stockwell, by James R. St. Dizier, Lake Charles, for plaintiff-appellant.
Anderson, Hall, Raggio & Farrar, by John N. Gallaspy, Lake Charles, for defendant-appellee.
Before TATE, FRUGE , and CULPEPPER, JJ.
This is a personal injury suit to recover damages allegedly sustained by plaintiff through the negligence of the defendant's minor son. The plaintiff appeals from judgment of $2,758.58 in his favor, urging that the amount awarded is insufficient. The defendant answers the appeal, praying (a) that the judgment be reversed and the suit dismissed and (b), alternatively, that the award be reduced.
The only testimony as to the facts of the accident was given by the plaintiff. He testified that, after he had stopped his Chevrolet at a railroad crossing and had been waiting approximately a minute for a train to complete its passage, his vehicle was struck from the rear by a Ford driven by the defendant's son. If accepted as correct, such testimony of course supports recovery in the plaintiff's favor. See, e.g., Billiot v. Noble Drilling Corp., 236 La. 793, 109 So.2d 96.
Although the defendant did not see fit to produce any witnesses at the trial to contradict this testimony, his able counsel upon appeal alleges that this uncorroborated testimony does not sufficiently prove the defendant's son's negligence, especially since a discrepancy between the plaintiff's discovery interrogatories and his testimony at the trial allegedly casts doubt upon the credibility of the witness's testimony.
We are unable to accede to this argument for several reasons: A litigant is not obliged to produce all witnesses to the accident, he is simply under a burden to produce sufficient evidence to prove his case by a preponderance of the evidence, Pickett v. Norwich Union Fire Ins. Co., La.App. 1 Cir., 119 So.2d 566, 567; which has been done in this instance, without contradictory testimony being introduced by the defendant. Further, the omission in the discovery interrogatory so heavily relied upon we find neither to have been intentional nor so significantly material under the circumstances as to cast the slightest suspicion upon plaintiff's veracity. Finally, the evaluation of a witness's credibility is primarily for the trial court. See, e.g., Jenkins v. Audubon Ins. Co., La.App. 1 Cir., 110 So.2d 221.
The trial court properly found that the negligence of the defendant's minor son, who was living with the defendant at the time of the accident, was the sole proximate cause of the accident so that the defendant is liable for the plaintiff's damages caused thereby.
As a result of the accident of November 13, 1958, the plaintiff sustained a whiplashtype injury to the cervical spine (neck), a muscle strain in the lower back, and a sprain of the right wrist. The neck injury had completely subsided by July, 1959; the wrist injury was cured within six weeks to two months; but the lumbar back strain continued to cause some discomfort even up until the trial of May, 1960, some seventeen months after the accident.
For these injuries the trial court allowed damages of $1,500 for pain and suffering, $558.55 for proven medical expense, and $700 for loss of earnings--a total of $2,758.55.
Since the award for pain and suffering is in the full amount specified in the petition, we are unable to consider any request by plaintiff that the award therefor be increased; and defendant does not contend that it is excessive. Likewise, neither party questions the award for medical expenses.
However, the defendant by answer to the appeal prays that the $700 allowed for loss of earnings be completely disallowed, since allegedly proved insufficiently by the uncorroborated testimony of the plaintiff alone; while the plaintiff requests that this award be greatly increased.
The plaintiff, a 32-year-old dentist, did not lose any time from his office until March 16, 1959, four months after the accident, when due to increasing pain and discomfort he was hospitalized for complete bed rest and supervised physical therapy. He returned to work one month later, although for the first week he worked only a half-day; and he has since then and up until the trial in May, 1960, worked only seven (instead of eight) hours per day to minimize the strain upon his back and the possibility of flare-up. We may add that the medical evidence proves that the prolonged back pain and discomfort was caused by the accident, persisting so long because of a congenital defect in the plaintiff's back.
To prove the monentary valuation of this undoubted loss of time from his office, the plaintiff relies upon his own testimony that his gross income during 1958 was $16,000 and during 1959 (after the accident) was $18,000. The plaintiff further testified, based upon these figures, that his gross earnings at work averaged approximately $25 per hour, his net earning averaging between $12 and $12.50 per hour. This testimony was educed from the plaintiff upon direct examination by counsel for the defendant in a discovery deposition taken a month before the trial, which deposition by consent of both counsel was introduced at the trial instead of again taking the testimony of the plaintiff as to its substance.
The general principles applicable to the review of awards for a claimed loss of earnings may be summarized as follows:
The plaintiff's detailed and uncontradicted testimony as to such losses may by itself constitute sufficient proof, if reasonable and if so...
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96-92 La.App. 3 Cir. 9/25/96, Pierce v. Milford
...Smith v. Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance Co., 130 So.2d 153, 156-57 (La.App. 2 Cir.1961) (Emphasis added). Cf. Stevens v. Dowden, 125 So.2d 234 (La.App. 3 Cir.1960). While there is some legitimate question as to whether the higher standard ever was "well established," 4 there is no ques......
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Christ v. State Through Dept. of Highways
...alone has been sustained where it is justified by the evidence (see White v. Robbins, La.App. 3 Cir., 153 So.2d 165; Stevens v. Dowden, La.App. 3 Cir., 125 So.2d 234), in the present situation the plaintiff's own uncorroborated estimate of his loss of earnings does not, in our opinion, suff......
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Jordan v. Travelers Ins. Co.
...proof of such loss, where corroborative evidence is shown to be available but is not produced. The court relied upon Stevens v. Dowden, 125 So.2d 234 (La.App.3d Cir. 1960) and decisions therein The cited decision itself demonstrates, however, that the principle does not provide a mechanical......
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Spillers v. Montgomery Ward & Co., Inc.
...proof of such loss, where corroborative evidence is shown to be available but is not produced. The court relied upon Stevens v. Dowden, 125 So.2d 234 (La .App.3d Cir. 1960) and decisions therein 'The cited decision itself demonstrates, however, that the principle does not provide a mechanic......