Stewart v. Johnson, No. A04A1010

• Decision Date: 23 September 2004
• Docket Number: No. A04A1010, No. A04A1023.
• Citation: 269 Ga. App. 698,605 S.E.2d 111
• Parties: STEWART v. JOHNSON. Stewart v. McCullers.
• Court: Georgia Court of Appeals

605 S.E.2d 111

269 Ga. App. 698

STEWART v. JOHNSON.

Stewart v. McCullers.

Nos. A04A1010, A04A1023.

Court of Appeals of Georgia.

September 23, 2004.

Chambless, Higdon, Richardson, Katz & Griggs, Thomas F. Richardson, Macon, for appellant.

Adams & Ford, Francis N. Ford, J. Hue Henry, Athens, Louis Levenson, Atlanta, for appellees. MILLER, Judge.

In these consolidated cases, John Benjamin Stewart, Jr. appeals from a grant of summary judgment to Howard E. Johnson and Mark McCullers ("the noteholders") regarding money owed under seven promissory notes executed by Stewart. Stewart argues that a material issue of fact exists as to whether the noteholders released him from his obligations under the notes. We disagree and therefore affirm.

The undisputed evidence showed that on May 2, 2001, an authorized agent of Stewart signed a promissory note agreeing to repay principal and interest to Johnson in exchange for $750,000. Between April 2000 and May 2001, Stewart's authorized agents signed six similar notes agreeing to repay principal and interest to McCullers in exchange for sums amounting to over $146,000. Each of the seven notes identified Stewart as the sole obligor, and specified that "[t]his instrument is non-negotiable and is transferable only on the books of John B. Stewart, Jr." Johnson delivered the $750,000 identified in his note to Stewart Finance Company ("the Company"); McCullers did the same with some of the funds identified in his notes. For some time, interest payments due under all seven notes were paid by the Company.

On February 1 and April 1, 2002, the office manager of the Company sent four virtually identical letters to McCullers concerning four of the notes he held, informing him that the Company would renew them for one year at a reduced interest rate of 8.5 per cent "unless we receive further instructions." Each of these four letters closed by inviting McCullers to "call or come by" if he wished "to make any changes to [his] promissory note." On May 1, 2002, the office manager sent a letter to the same effect to Johnson. Neither McCullers nor Johnson responded to these letters.

On February 10, 2003, the Company filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11. On the same day, both noteholders filed separate complaints alleging that Stewart had failed to make interest payments on the notes and had refused to pay the balances due. Stewart answered both complaints, asserting the same affirmative defenses of novation and accord and satisfaction in each. The noteholders then moved for summary judgment, which the trial court granted in both cases. Stewart appeals the judgments against him, which we consolidate for purposes of appeal.

On appeal from a grant of summary judgment, we conduct a de novo review of the law and the evidence to "determine whether the trial court erred in concluding that no genuine issue of material fact remains and that the [moving] party was entitled to judgment as a matter of law." (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Rubin v. Cello Corp., 235 Ga.App. 250, 510 S.E.2d 541 (1998). "Summary judgment is appropriate when the court, viewing all the facts and evidence and reasonable inferences from those facts in a light most favorable to the non-movant, concludes that the evidence does not create a triable issue as to each essential element of the case." (Citation omitted.) Zeller v. Home Fed. S & L Assn. &c., 220 Ga.App. 843, 471 S.E.2d 1 (1996).

It is well established that a plaintiff seeking to enforce a promissory note establishes a prima facie case by producing the note and showing that it was executed. See OCGA § 11-3-308(a); Vandegriff v. Hamilton, 238 Ga.App. 603, 604, 519 S.E.2d 702 (1999). Once that prima facie case has been made, the plaintiff is entitled to judgment as a matter of law unless the defendant can establish a defense. OCGA § 11-3-308(b); McLemore v. Southwest Ga. Farm Credit, 230 Ga.App. 85, 87(1), 495 S.E.2d 335 (1998); Commonwealth Land Title Ins. Co. v. Miller, 195 Ga.App. 830, 833, 395 S.E.2d 243 (1990); Sadler v. Trust Co. Bank of South Ga., 178 Ga.App. 871, 873(2), 344 S.E.2d 694 (1986).

To prove the affirmative defense of novation or accord and satisfaction, a party must show that four circumstances are present: "(1) a previous valid obligation, (2) the agreement of the parties to [the] new contract, (3) a mutual intention by the parties to substitute the new contract for the old one, and (4) the validity of the new contract." (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Abrams v. Massell, 262 Ga.App. 761, 766(4), 586 S.E.2d 435 (2...