Stiefel v. Allied Domeco Spirits & Wine U.S.A., CIV.01-2182.

• Decision Date: 09 January 2002
• Docket Number: No. CIV.01-2182.,CIV.01-2182.
• Citation: 184 F.Supp.2d 886
• Parties: Kimberly STIEFEL Plaintiff v. ALLIED DOMECQ SPIRITS & WINE U.S.A., INC. Defendant
• Court: U.S. District Court — Western District of Arkansas

184 F.Supp.2d 886

Kimberly STIEFEL Plaintiff v. ALLIED DOMECQ SPIRITS & WINE U.S.A., INC. Defendant

No. CIV.01-2182.

United States District Court, W.D. Arkansas, Fort Smith Division.

January 9, 2002.

Eddie H. Walker, Jr., Fort Smith, AR, for Plaintiff.

E. Diane Graham, Rebecca D. Hattabaugh, Fort Smith, AR, for Defendant.

OPINION AND ORDER

DAWSON, District Judge.

On this 9th day of January 2002, there comes on for consideration the motion for summary judgment filed by defendant Allied Domecq Spirits & Wine U.S.A., Inc. ("Hiram Walker" herein) on December 4, 2001. (Doc. # 16.) Plaintiff filed suit alleging that her employment at Hiram Walker was terminated in violation of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, 29 U.S.C. § 2611-2612 (the FMLA). The defendant seeks summary judgment on the grounds that Plaintiff was terminated for chronic absenteeism, and that the absences for which she was fired were not protected by the FMLA, because Plaintiff did not suffer from a "serious medical condition." For the reasons set forth within this memorandum, the motion for summary judgment will be granted.

Facts

Plaintiff began her employment with Hiram Walker on June 18, 1990. In 1997, 1998, and 1999, plaintiff acknowledged receipt of an Employee Handbook from Hiram Walker. Each handbook contains essentially the same provisions concerning leave, absenteeism and disciplinary policies. The handbooks place Hiram Walker employees on notice that "employees are required to be present to perform their duties," and that "excessive absence. . . will result in disciplinary action, up to and including discharge." (Def.'s Ex. Supp. Mot. Summ. J., Ex. "A", Attach. 7.) In addition, an employee's failure to observe company rules "will result in any one or more of the following disciplinary actions (in no particular order) being taken against the employee... verbal warning, written warning, written warning with suspension, [or] discharge." (Id.) The handbooks reserve to the employer the discretion to impose corrective action depending on the circumstances and seriousness of the offense. The handbooks also contain the company policy with regard to the FMLA and provide that a rolling twelve month period commencing on the day leave begins will determine the amount of leave available. (Id.)

Beginning in 1992, Plaintiff received annual performance evaluations. In 1992, her attendance was rated as marginal, with the notation that "this is improving." (See id., Attach. 1.) In March 1993, Plaintiff's attendance was again rated as marginal, (id.), and she was given a written warning on November 23, 1993. (See id., Attach. 2.) In the evaluation dated July 15, 1994, Plaintiff's attendance record received a "needs improvement" rating, and she was advised to monitor her absenteeism. (See id., Attach. 1.) In March 1995, her attendance was rated "needs improvement," and it was recommended that Plaintiff receive counseling for her attendance problem. (Id.) An evaluation made in September 1995 showed that Plaintiff's attendance had "improved a great deal" and met with acceptable company standards. (Id.) Plaintiff also received a good evaluation in 1996. (Id.)

The parties do not dispute that Plaintiff was absent¹ from work for an extended period of time beginning September 25, 1997 and continuing through February 27, 1998. Only the first twelve weeks of this absence (through December 17, 1997) was protected by the FMLA. Shortly after returning to work on March 2, 1998, Plaintiff was counseled about her chronic absenteeism. Plaintiff received more counseling about the same problem on July 20, 1998. (See id., Attach. 5.) When Plaintiff's attendance record did not improve to a satisfactory level, a written warning dated August 6, 1998 was issued to Plaintiff advising her that "for the next six months, [she could] be terminated for any additional days of absenteeism or tardiness for any reason either part or full days." (See id., Attach. 6.)

Plaintiff stated in her deposition that in September 1998, she suffered a miscarriage and "nearly bled to death." (See id., Ex. "B", pp. 56-57.) As a result of this medical condition, Plaintiff was absent from work for six weeks beginning September 21, 1998 through October 30, 1998. This absence was not covered by the FMLA, because Plaintiff had previously exhausted her twelve week entitlement for the year that began September 25, 1997, and because she worked only 1032.5 hours in the twelve month period that preceded September 25, 1998. (See id., Ex. "A", Attach. 9..)

Plaintiff called the workplace to report that she was sick on January 12 and 13, 1999. According to Plaintiff, on January 12th she was experiencing cramping and vaginal bleeding and went to see her physician, Dr. Martin. An appointment was made for Plaintiff to see another doctor, Dr. Marvin, on January 13th. Plaintiff believes that the cramping and bleeding were related to the miscarriage she suffered in September 1998. (Pl.'s Resp. to Mot. Summ. J., Ex. 7, pp. 57-58.) According to the treating physician's hand written notes² on Plaintiff's medical records, the doctor noted that Plaintiff had suffered a miscarriage in September 1998 and received a Depo-Provera injection in October 1998. The bleeding was labeled "abnormal." An ultrasound was ordered for Plaintiff, but the test results were normal. Plaintiff's birth control medication was altered, and she was advised to return for another check up in six months. The records do not indicate that a final diagnosis was made as to the cause of Plaintiff's bleeding. (See id., Ex. 2.) Plaintiff returned to work on January 14, 1999 with a doctor's note, and advised her supervisor that the absences should be covered under the FMLA. Her supervisor disagreed and gave Plaintiff a written warning for chronic absenteeism. Plaintiff was also suspended without pay for five days beginning January 15, 1999. (Def.s' Ex. Supp. Mot. Summ. J., Ex. "A", Attach. 10.) Plaintiff managed to work a full shift on January 14, 1999.

On January 15, 1999, while on suspension, Plaintiff presented herself to the emergency room at St. Edward's Mercy Medical Center in Fort Smith complaining of abdominal cramping, vaginal bleeding, vomiting and a high temperature. She was tentatively diagnosed with gastroenteritis and sent home. (Pl.'s Resp. to Mot. Summ. J., Ex. 2.)

In March 1999, Hiram Walker completed a performance evaluation with regard to Plaintiff, and she received an "unsatisfactory" rating code with respect to absenteeism. (Def.'s Ex. Supp. Mot. Summ. J., Ex. "A", Attach. 1.) The evaluating supervisor noted in several different places on the report that Plaintiff's attendance needed improvement, and that Plaintiff had previously been warned and placed on a five day suspension. (Id.)

On Friday, July 16, 1999, Plaintiff was informed that she was to report for work the following day. Plaintiff stated in her deposition that she was not feeling well on Friday, and that she asked her supervisor in charge if she could take a vacation day on Saturday. Her request was denied. (Mem. Supp. Pl.'s Resp. Mot. Summ. J., Ex. 7, pp. 67-69.) According to Hiram Walker's employment records, Plaintiff had used 17 days of vacation for the calendar year that began January 1, 1999. (Ex. Supp. Mot. Summ. J., Ex. "A".) Although Plaintiff wasn't feeling well, she did work on Saturday, July 17, 1999. She returned home from work feeling "tired and exhausted." (Mem. Supp. Pl.'s Resp. Mot. Summ. J., Ex. 7, p. 71.)

According to Plaintiff's deposition testimony, by Sunday evening, July 18th, she was experiencing pain and had her husband drive her to the emergency room at St. Edward's. (Id. at 72.) Plaintiff stated that the treating physician ran tests and tentatively diagnosed her with either hepatitis or a virus. The medical records state that Plaintiff complained of pelvic pain during intercourse. She was given some pain medication and released to return home and told to return in a few days if she did not feel better. (Id., Ex. 7 at 73-74; see also Ex. 6.)

Plaintiff was still feeling the effects of the pain medication on Monday morning, July 19, 1999, so she called her boss at Hiram Walker and explained that she was in a lot of pain and unable to drive. His response was to tell her that if she did not report to work at 7:00 a.m. she could be fired. (Id., Ex. 7, p. 78.) Plaintiff did not go to work on Monday, but did report in on Tuesday morning, July 20th. Plaintiff was terminated from her job at Hiram Walker on July 20, 1999. The stated reason for her discharge was "excessive absenteeism."

Summary Judgment Standard

The court should grant summary judgment "if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." FED.R.CIV.P. 56(c). A fact is material only when its resolution affects the outcome of the case. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2510, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). A dispute is genuine if the evidence is such that it could cause a reasonable jury to return a verdict for either party. Id. at 252, 106 S.Ct. at 2512. The court views the evidence in favor of the nonmoving party, giving that party the benefit of all justifiable inferences that can be drawn in its favor. If reasonable minds could differ as to the import of the evidence, judgment should not be granted. Id. at 250-51, 106 S.Ct. at 2511-12. However, the nonmoving party must set forth specific facts, by affidavit or otherwise, sufficient to raise a genuine issue of material fact for trial. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 324, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 2553, 91 L.Ed.2d 265 (1986); See also Matsushita Elec. Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587, 106 S.Ct. 1348, 89 L.Ed.2d 538 (opponent must do more than simply show that there is some...