Stone v. State of South Carolina

• Decision Date: 05 April 1886
• Citation: 6 S.Ct. 799,29 L.Ed. 962,117 U.S. 430
• Parties: STONE v. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Filed
• Court: U.S. Supreme Court

6 S.Ct. 799

117 U.S. 430

29 L.Ed. 962

STONE v. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA.

Filed April 5, 1886.

Wm. E. Earle, for plaintiff in error.

Ch. Richardson Miles and James Lowndes, for defendant in error.

WAITE, C. J.

This suit was brought by the state of South Carolina, in the court of common pleas of Richland county, on the first of August, 1877, against Daniel T. Corbin and William Stone, partners as attorneys at law under the name of Corbin & Stone, to recover a balance claimed to be due for moneys collected by the firm for the state and not paid over. On the twenty-seventh of April, 1878, Stone presented to the court a petition for the removal of the suit to the circuit court of the United States for the district of South Carolina. The statement in the petition material to the question arising on this writ of error is as follows: 'That the petitioner is now, and was at the time when this action was commenced, a citizen of the State of New York, and a resident therein, and his co-defendant is a citizen of South Carolina, and the plaintiff is also a citizen of the state of South Carolina. That, under and by virtue of the statutes of the United States and of the state of South Carolina, this suit is one in which there can be a final determination of the controversy, so far as the petitioner is concerned, without the presence of his co-defendant as a party to the cause.' The state court proceeded with the suit notwithstanding the petition, and after a trial gave judgment against both defendants. During the whole of such proceeding Stone denied the jurisdiction of the court after the filing of his petition. The supreme court of the state affirmed the judgment of the common pleas, and to reverse this judgment of affirmance the present writ of error was brought.

A state court is not bound to surrender its jurisdiction of a suit on a petitioner for removal until a case has been made which on its face shows that the petitioner has a right to the transfer. Yulee v. Vose, 99 U. S. 545; Removal Cases, 100 U. S. 474. It is undoubtedly true, as was said in Steam-ship Co. v. Tugman, 106 U. S. 122, S. C. 1 Sup. Ct. Rep. 58, that upon the filing of the petition and bond—the suit being removable under the statute—the jurisdiction of the state court absolutely ceases, and that of the circuit court of the United States immediately attaches; but still, as the right of removal is statutory, before a party can avail himself of it he must show upon the record that his is a case which comes within the provision of the statute. As was said in Insurance Co. v. Pechner, 95 U. S. 185, 'his petition for removal moval when filed becomes a part of the record in the cause. It should state facts which, when taken in connection with such as already appear, entitle him to the transfer. If he fails in this, he has not, in law, shown to the court that it cannot 'proceed further with the suit.' Having once acquired jurisdiction, the court may proceed until it has been judicially informed that its power over the cause has been suspended.' The mere filing of a petition for the removal of a suit which is not removable does not work a transfer. To accomplish this the suit must be one that may be removed, and the petition must show a right in the petitioner to demand the removal. This being made to appear on the record, and the necessary security having been given, the power of the state court in the case ends and that of the circuit court begins.

All issues of fact made upon the petition for removal must be tried in the circuit court, but the state court is at liberty to determine for itself whether, on the face of the record, a removal has been effected. If it decides against the removal, and proceeds with the cause notwithstanding the petition, its ruling on that question will be reviewable here after...