Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World v. Kalinski, 268
| Decision Date | 18 May 1896 |
| Docket Number | No. 268,268 |
| Parties | SUPREME LODGE KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS OF THE WORLD v. KALINSKI |
| Court | U.S. Supreme Court |
This was an action originally begun in the civil district court of the parish of Orleans, in the state of Louisiana, by the defendant in error, Eugenie Kalinski, to recover of the Supreme Lodge Knights of Pythias of the World (as association incorporated under an act of congress, and domiciled in Washington) the amount of a certain certificate of membership, whereby the defendant contracted and bound itself to pay to petitioner, on the death of her husband, Achille Kalinski, the sum of $3,000; the said certificate being in effect a life insurance policy.
The case was removed, upon the petition of the defendant, to the circuit court of the United States for the Eastern district of Louisiana, upon an allegation that the defendant was created by and organized under an act of congress approved May 5, 1870; that it was domiciled in Washington, and that the controversy arose under and was to be determined by such act of congress; that the suit was based upon a beneficial or life certificate issued under authority of such act of congress, and the defense to said suit arose under the laws of the United States.
The answer admitted that during his lifetime the said Achille Kalinski became a member of the endowment rank of the order of Knights of Pythias, in section 363 thereof, paid the initiation fee, and that there was issued to him the certificate mentioned in the petition. But it denied that Kalinski, during his lifetime, complied with the obligations imposed upon him under such certificate, and averred that, under the terms of his application for membership in said endowment rank, and in the said certificate, and the constitution and by-laws of said endowment rank, Knights of Pythias of the World, all being and forming parts of the contracts between them, it was provided that any failure or neglect on the part of said Kalinski to pay assessments or dues, as provided by the laws of the rank or order, should work a forfeiture of all his rights, and the rights of his heirs and beneficiaries, in the premises, to all benefits and privileges accruing to members of said rank; that, by said laws, it was, among other things, especially provided that, when a member of the endowment rank became in arrears to his lodge for an amount equal to one year's dues, he should forfeit his membership in the endowment rank, and his endowment certificate should thereupon become void.
The answer further averred that at the time of his death, May 24, 1891, Kalinski was in arrears for, owed, and was indebted to Syracuse Lodge, No. 50, of said order, of which he was a member or to which he belonged, in an amount in excess of one year's dues, and that he had at the time of his death forfeited his membership in the said section and rank, and the said certificate became null and void. It further averred that 'after being so in arrears and the forfeiture of all rights as aforesaid, of which forfeiture, however, your respondent was then, without its fault or negligence, unaware, said Kalinski paid certain assessments under such certificate,' but that, as soon as made aware of the forfeiture heretofore mentioned, respondent made legal tender to the plaintiff of the amount of such assessments so paid, and that she refused the same.
In a supplemental answer, defendant deposited in court, and tendered back to plaintiff, the amount of assessments so paid, namely, $16.20, with 5 per cent interest thereon fron April 1, 1891, to date.
The case came on for trial before the district judge and a jury, was tried twice, and resulted each time in a verdict and judgment for plaintiff for the full amount of her certif cate or policy, and, upon writ of error to the circuit court of appeals, that judgment was affirmed (6 C. C. A. 373, 57 Fed. 348), whereupon defendant sued a writ of error from this court.
J. Zach Spearing, for plaintiff in error.
M. Marks, for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice BROWN, after stating the facts in the foregoing language, delivered the opinion of the court.
It seems that during his lifetime Achille Kalinski became a member of section 363 of what is termed the 'Endowment Rank of the Knights of Pythias,' paid his admission fee, and in consideration thereof, and in compliance with a written application made by him, the defendant, the supreme lodge of the order, issued to him a certificate which is in substance a policy of life insurance, wherein it was certified that Kalinski was a member in good standing in the endowment rank, and in consideration of the representations made in his application, which was made a part of the contract, and the payment of the prescribed admission fee, and in consideration of the payment thereafter to said endowment rank of all assessments as required, and 'the full compliance with all the laws governing this rank now in force, or that may hereafter be enacted, and shall be in good standing under said laws,' the sum of $3,000 will be paid, etc., to Eugenie Kalinski, his wife, etc. 'And it is understood and agreed that any violation of the within-mentioned conditions, or the requirements of the laws in force governing this rank, shall render the certificate and all claims null and void, and that the said supreme lodge shall not be liable for the above sum, or any part thereof.' In his application, Kalinski agreed that he would punctually pay all dues and assessments for which he might become liable, and would be governed, 'and this contract shall be controlled, by all the laws, rules, and regulations of the order governing this rank now in force, or that may hereafter be enacted, or submit to the penalties therein contained.' One of the laws and regulations adopted by the board of control was that 'when a member of the endowment rank becomes in arrears to his lodge for an amount equal to one year's dues, he shall forfeit his membership in the section and said rank, and render void his endowment certificate.'
It further appeared that Kalinski was a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 50, and that the books of said lodge, which were produced in evidence, showed that he was indebted to the lodge on the 31st day of March, 1891, and at the date of his death, May 24, 1891, in the sum of $12.50, for dues owing by him to his said lodge, under a by-law, which said sum was in excess of one year's dues he was required to pay, but that he had not been suspended by his lodge for that reason before his death, under the provisions of section 5 of article 16 of the constitution of the lodge, and section 3 of article 14 of the by-laws, although he had received notice from the proper officer of the lodge to pay the same, and had been told to pay the same before the next meeting of the lodge, but that he died before such meeting without having paid the same.
It further appeared, and was not disputed, that the keeper of the records and seal of Syracuse Lodge, No. 50, had, under section 6 of article 4 of the constitution of the lodge, failed to notify the section of the endowment rank to which Kalinski belonged that he was in arrears, and that the assessments due by Kalinski to the endowment rank were received in ignorance of the fact that he was so in arrears, and had been tendered back after his death, and several months subsequent to the application of his widow for...
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