Tate v. Tate

• Decision Date: 13 February 1996
• Docket Number: No. 83707,83707
• Citation: Tate v. Tate, 912 P.2d 320, 1996 OK 17 (Okla. 1996)
• Parties: Wilford R. TATE, Appellant, v. Loretta M. TATE, Appellee.
• Court: Oklahoma Supreme Court

Page 320

912 P.2d 320

1996 OK 17

Wilford R. TATE, Appellant, v.Loretta M. TATE, Appellee.

No. 83707.

Supreme Court of Oklahoma.

Feb. 13, 1996.

Joe D. Tate, Oklahoma City, for Appellant.

John D. Boydston, Boydston & Reheard, Eufala, for Appellee.

OPALA, Justice.

Wilford R. Tate's [Tate]amended petition in error was brought February 10, 1995.That instrument seeks review of a post-decree property division order filed January 3, 1995.The amended petition hence came here more than thirty days after that order's filing.¹The dispositive issue is whether the January 3, 1995 ruling is (1) a modification of a March 30, 1994 property division order or (2) an ancillary determination intended to be effective solely during the pendency of this appeal.If it is the former, the appeal is late.If it is the latter, the appeal is timely.We view the terminal order sought to be reviewed in this case as a final, separately appealable post-decree modification of the underlying property division order, ² and dismiss Tate's belated attempt to secure our review of that order.

ICRITICAL FACTS

The parties' marriage was dissolved by a December 15, 1993 decree.A later (March 30, 1994) order divided their property.³Tate timely sought a new trial of the property division issues by motion filed on (Monday)April 11, 1994.He invoked this court's reviewing cognizance over that order by petition in error filed on June 10, 1994, which he amended on July 22.The new-trial motion was denied August 3, 1994.⁴On August 30, 1994 Tate brought a second amended petition in error.On January 3, 1995the trial court signed and filed an order "interpreting" its March 30, 1994 property division order.⁵On February 10, 1995, more than 30 days after the January 3 order, Tate filed an amended petition in error.⁶In her response to this instrument Tate's former wife challenges the court's reviewing cognizance over the January 3, 1995 order.

IINISI PRIUS MODIFICATIONS OF EARLIER, PERMANENT ORDERS ARE SEPARATELY REVIEWABLE ONLY BY A TIMELY PRESENTED PETITION IN ERROR

Extant jurisprudence ⁷ teaches that, during the term of an interspousal appellate contest, a trial court retains power to make temporary adjustments of the parties' rights by orders to be in effect pending the outcome of the appeal.⁸Either the trial court or the appellate court may afford this relief, ⁹ and nisi prius orders made in the exercise of this broad jurisdictional rubric are reviewable as ancillary to the case on appeal, upon an aggrieved party's motion filed in this court.¹⁰The trial court's power to make these provisional arrangements during the pendency of an appeal is not invocable for permanent modification of any previous rulings.¹¹

After expiration of the 30-day jurisdictional time limit for filing an appeal only those later trial court actions are reviewable in the appeal which were intended to be in effect and govern the parties' rights solely during the pendency of an appeal--i.e., interim arrangements that will be in force only until the appeal's final outcome.¹²The word "modification" refers to a process by which new terms are sought to be added to a judgment or old ones changed, even though the general purpose and legal effect of the decision may remain intact.¹³The district court's January 3 order is a modification.This is so because it expands the content of the original adjudicated property division and its terms are dependent for their effect on the pendency of this appeal.That order patently affects the earlier, permanent nisi prius property division.¹⁴This court's appellate jurisdiction over that order's provisions could be invoked only by a timely filed amended petition in error.Because Tate's February 10, 1995 amended petition came more than thirty days after the January 3, 1995 appealable post-decree order in the cause, this court's cognizance over issues affected by the January 3"adjustment" is barred.

APPEAL DISMISSED INSOFAR AS IT SEEKS REVIEW OF THE JANUARY3, 1995 TRIAL COURT ORDER"INTERPRETING"PROPERTY DIVISION.

KAUGER, V.C.J., and SIMMS, HARGRAVE and WATT, JJ., concur.

HODGES, LAVENDER and SUMMERS, JJ., dissent.

APPENDIX A

IN THE DISTRICT COURT IN AND FOR

PITTSBURG COUNTY

STATE OF OKLAHOMA

WILFORD R. TATE,

v.

LORETTA M. TATE,

D-93-264

ORDER DIVIDING PROPERTY

The divorce was granted in this case and the attorneys have submitted briefs in connection with the distribution of property.

Pursuant to the antenuptial agreement the Court finds that the property listed by both parties is marital estate.

IT IS ORDERED that the following property is distributed to the plaintiff: the acres surrounding the home and lot, the 84 chevrolet, 72 chevrolet, tractor tiller and mower, pistol and shotgun, tape player, air jacks, tool box, testing equipment, miscellaneous tools, travel trailer, boats and cub tractor.Also distributed to the plaintiff: the garage and the appurtenances thereto and the certificate of deposit.

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the following is distributed to the defendant: the home and lot of the parties, the furniture and fixtures of the parties, plants, pots, tools and all of defendant's personal belongings.Parties to divide tapes by alternate choice.

This order is contemplated by the Court to be a final order in this case.

DATED THIS30TH DAY OF MARCH, 1994.

/s/ Robert A. Layden

ROBERT A. LAYDEN,

DISTRICT JUDGE

XC: DEBORAH A. REHEARD

WARREN GOTCHER

APPENDIX B

IN THE DISTRICT COURT IN AND FOR

PITTSBURG COUNTY

STATE OF OKLAHOMA

WILFORD R. TATE, Plaintiff,

vs.

LORETTA M. TATE, Defendant.

Case No. JFD-93-264

ORDER DENYING MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL

NOW on this 10th day of May, 1994, this matter having come before the Court on Plaintiff's Motion for New Trial or Reconsideration of Decree of Divorce, Joe D. Tate, Attorney for Plaintiff, and John D. Boydston, Attorney for Defendant, being present, and the Court having heard and considered the arguments of counsel and affidavits presented and being otherwise fully advised in the premises, it is therefore.

ORDERED that Plaintiff's Motion for a New Trial or Reconsideration of Decree of Divorce is hereby denied.

/s/ Robert A. Layden

JUDGE OF THE

DISTRICT COURT

APPENDIX C

IN THE DISTRICT COURT IN AND FOR

PITTSBURG COUNTY

STATE OF OKLAHOMA

WILFORD R. TATE, Plaintiff,

vs.

LORETTA M. TATE, Defendant.

Case No. D-93-264

ORDER

NOW ON THIS 19th day of December, 1994, this matter comes on to be heard on the Defendant's Motion to Interpret Court's Order and Amended Motion to Interpret Court's Order.The Plaintiff appears in person and with his attorney of record, Joe D. Tate of Douglas & Tate.The Defendant appears in person and with her attorney of record, Deborah A. Reheard of Boydston & Reheard.

WHEREAS the Court, having heard the testimony of witnesses sworn to testify and having reviewed the pleadings on file herein and being fully advised in the premises makes the following findings, orders and adjudications:

1.This Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter herein and the parties hereto.

2.It is necessary that this Court interpret its order of March 30, 1994 as to the division of property, both real and personal.

3.As to the award of real property to the parties, this Court intended that the Defendant receive the house and the land on the north side of the roadway located at Rt. 2, Box 277, Bugtussle, Oklahoma with the Plaintiff receiving the balance of the real property located on the southside of the roadway.

4.Any fences erected by the Plaintiff on said property which are in contradiction to this Court's division of real property should be removed.

5.As to the award to the Defendant of the fixtures to the household, the Court intended that all fixtures remain with the house and become the property of the Defendant, including any waterline from the lake to the home.

6.As to the award to the Defendant of the furniture of the parties, the Court intended that all property which was in the house at the time the divorce was granted should be awarded to the Defendant.

7.Any removal of the household contents by the Plaintiff is in contradiction to this Court's order granting the Defendant the household contents.

IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that the intent of this Court's order of March 30, 1994 was to and the Court did award the house and the land on the north side of the roadway at Rt. 2, Box 277, Bugtussle, Oklahoma to the Defendant and the balance of the real property located on the southside of the roadway was awarded to the Plaintiff.

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that any fences erected by the Plaintiff which are in contradiction to this Court's award of real property shall be removed by the Plaintiff within 10 days of this order.Should the Plaintiff fail to remove these fences within 10 days from the date of this order, then the fences shall become the property of the Defendant and she may have them removed with the cost for the removal assessed to the Plaintiff.

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that the intent of the Court's order of March 30, 1994 was to and did award all fixtures of the house to the Defendant.The waterline from the lake to the house is a fixture and is part of the award of property to the Defendant.

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that the intent of the Court's order of March 30, 1994 was to and did award all contents of the house to the Defendant.The contents of the home as they existed on the date this Court granted the divorce are the contents that this Court intended to award to the Defendant.

/s/ Robert A. Layden

JUDGE OF

DISTRICT COURT

APPROVED AS TO FORM & CONTENT:

/s/ Joe D. Tate

JOE D. TATE, OBA # 13001

707 S. Houston, Suite 306

Tulsa, Oklahoma 74127

/s/ Deborah A. Reheard

DEBORAH A. REHEARD

BOYDSTON & REHEARD

100 N. 2nd St., P.O. Box 636

Eufaula, Oklahoma 74432

1The provisions of 12 O.S.Supp.1993 § 990A(A) require that an appeal be brought not...