Thomas v. City of La Grande

Decision Date14 May 1940
Citation102 P.2d 213,164 Or. 387
PartiesTHOMAS v. CITY OF LA GRANDE.
CourtOregon Supreme Court

Department No. 2.

Appeal from Circuit Court, Union County; Calvin L. Sweek, Judge.

Action by Mabel F. Thomas against the City of LaGrande, Ore., a municipal corporation, for injuries sustained by plaintiff when thrown from a swing operated by a carnival company under the auspices of the American Legion upon one of the streets of defendant city. From a judgment of dismissal, the plaintiff appeals.

Affirmed.

George T. Cochran, of La Grande (Cochran & Eberhard, of La Grande on the brief), for appellant.

E. R Ringo, of La Grande, for respondent.

KELLY, Justice.

This is an action by Mabel F. Thomas against the city of La Grande to recover damages for personal injuries sustained by her when thrown from a swing operated by a carnival company under the auspices of the American Legion upon one of the streets of defendant city. A demurrer to plaintiff's second amended complaint having been sustained, plaintiff declined to plead further and a judgment of dismissal was rendered. From this judgment plaintiff appeals.

In her second amended complaint, plaintiff alleged the municipal character of defendant, the provisions of its charter authorizing defendant to license, tax and regulate places of public amusement and entertainment, to purchase sites for public purposes and to provide for the government and management of the same, to purchase, take, hold and sell real property when sold for delinquent taxes or assessments levied or imposed under the authority of the city of La Grande, to prevent and remove nuisances, to regulate the use of streets roads, highways, and public places, to grade, pave and otherwise improve streets, to acquire title in the manner provided by law to land for public purposes, and to lay out improve and have exclusive control of the same.

It is also alleged in the plaintiff's second amended complaint that, since about 1930, defendant city has been and now is the owner in possession and having exclusive control of Block 10, Riverside Addition to defendant city of La Grande.

It is therein further alleged that North Fourth Street, Jackson Avenue and the W Street [Avenue] are streets within said city and form a junction on the east side of said block 10; that said North Fourth Street extends along the east side of said block 10; that said W Avenue extends along the south side thereof, jogs north on the east side of said block on Fourth Street for a short distance and then extends easterly from the east side of said North Fourth Street and that said Jackson Avenue extends in a southeasterly direction from said junction of said streets. The dedication and improvement by the defendant of said streets and the public use thereof as streets and highways for travel are also alleged.

To assure accuracy, we quote paragraphs V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and a portion of paragraph X of plaintiff's second amended complaint:

"V. That prior to the 30th day of July, 1938, the American Legion, a corporation, applied to the defendant city for permission to hold a carnival, called the Patrick Shows within the city limits of the city of LaGrande, Oregon, and said defendant city agreed with said American Legion that said carnival could be held by it without the payment of any license fee.

"VI. That acting under said agreement, said American Legion from about the 23rd day of July, 1938, to and including the 30th day of July, 1938, went upon said Block 10 and a part of said North Fourth Street, at or near the junction of said North Fourth Street with W Avenue and Jackson Avenue, in LaGrande, Oregon, and did sponsor and hold thereon said carnival called the Patrick Shows. That said carnival consisted of numerous structures, booths, attractions, and also included games, events, ferris wheel, swing, merry-go-rounds, and especially a swing called the Merry Mix-Up, and many other attractions, and said structures were festooned and illuminated with lights, all designed to draw to said place large numbers of people, and all of which was well known to the defendant. That during said time crowds of people attended said carnival, admission fees were charged for each of said several shows and attractions, including said Merry Mix-Up, and said American Legion furnished ticket-takers at the various attractions and said defendant city furnished policemen to supervise the conduct of said carnival.

"VII. That one of the attractions erected in said carnival was a swing called a 'Merry Mix-Up' and was located in and upon North Fourth Street at about the junction of said North Fourth Street, Jackson Avenue and W Avenue in said city; that said swing was worn and out of repair and was an apparatus likely to produce injury unless operated with due care and consisted of a number of individual seats or swings suspended by rods and chains from cross-arms or framework supported by a central pole which was caused to revolve by a gasoline motor controlled by an operator sitting in the center; that when at rest the seats were suspended about two feet above the ground. and said seats had no foot rests or foot supports, and in riding on said swing the occupants, including this plaintiff, were compelled to let their feet hang free. That there was a short chain known as a 'safety chain,' one end of which was fastened to one of the suspending chains at the front side of the seat, and when seat was occupied, this 'safety chain' was intended to be placed across in front of the occupant and fastened by snaps to the suspending chain on the other side to keep the occupant from falling out. That when said swing was revolved, the seats swung out from the central pole, and the distance from the seats to the ground correspondingly increased. That in the course of the operation, the operator of said swing caused said apparatus to be revolved at a high rate of speed and the seats to be swung out at an angle of more than 45 degrees and the seats to be about 15 feet from the ground. That said swing was enclosed partially by a fence and partially by trucks parked at places near said swing and in such positions that any one falling from a seat of said swing while in motion would likely strike one of said trucks. That a ticket wagon was situated nearby and tickets were sold to patrons for rides in said swing. That a man was stationed near said ticket booth who continuously proclaimed in a loud voice the thrills and pleasures of riding in said swing. That attendants took tickets at the time patrons were seated in said swing, and other attendants seated passengers in the seats of said swing, and that it was the duty of said attendants to attach said 'safety chains' in front of the passengers in each seat so as to prevent said passengers from being thrown out of said seats. That a large crowd of people congregated in and about said carnival and in and about said swing, and large numbers of people, including the plaintiff, were induced to ride upon said swing.

"VIII. That said defendant at all times herein mentioned had notice and knowledge, or by reasonable diligence ought to have known of said carnival upon said Block 10 and said streets as aforesaid, and of the location and condition of the swing hereinabove described, and by its actions said defendant invited the public, including plaintiff, to attend and patronize said carnival and ride upon said swing, and it was the duty of said defendant to keep said Block 10 and said streets safe for this plaintiff and to see that said swing was safe, and operated safely so as not to injure this plaintiff.

"IX. That at the time plaintiff rode upon said swing as hereinafter alleged, defendant was negligent in the following particulars:

"(1) Defendant unlawfully and negligently permitted said carnival and said swing to be erected on said Block 10 and in said streets while said swing was dangerous and out of repair, and negligently failed to make said Block 10 and said streets safe for plaintiff.

"(2) Defendant negligently permitted said swing to be erected and operated at said place in a dangerous, unsafe and defective condition, and while the seats thereof were slick and smooth and tipped in a manner that would cause or permit plaintiff to slide out while riding, as hereinafter alleged.

"(3) Defendant negligently permitted said swing to be erected and operated at said place without any foot rests or foot supports attached to the seats of said swing.

"(4) Defendant negligently permitted said swing to be erected and operated at said place without sufficient safety chains to hold plaintiff in the seat while riding as hereinafter alleged.

"(5) Defendant negligently failed to inspect said swing and failed to make said swing safe for the public and especially for this plaintiff.

"(6) Defendant negligently failed to prohibit the operation of said swing at a dangerous and excessive rate of speed, and negligently permitted said swing to be operated at a dangerous and excessive rate of speed and at a speed that caused the seat of said swing in which plaintiff was riding as hereinafter alleged to swing out at an angle of more than 45 degrees and to be a great distance, to-wit, about 15 feet, above the ground.

"(7) Defendant negligently failed to see that a safety chain was fastened in front of plaintiff to hold her in the seat of said swing while riding as hereinafter alleged.

"(8) Defendant negligently failed to see that the trucks parked around said swing were placed at a sufficient distance away from said swing to be safe, and negligently permitted a truck to be parked sufficiently near to said swing that an occupant falling out of said swing would likely strike the same, and plaintiff did strike the same, as hereinafter alleged.

"(...

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