Thomas v. Purcell
| Decision Date | 20 September 1960 |
| Docket Number | No. 50034,50034 |
| Parties | William H. THOMAS, Appellant, v. Ray PURCELL, Appellee. |
| Court | Iowa Supreme Court |
Wilson, Maley & Stamatelos, West Des Moines, for appellant.
Norman Erbe, Atty. Gen., Marion R. Neely, Asst. Atty. Gen., Rex Schrader, County Atty., Jones County, Monticello, for appellee.
In October 1957 Petitioner was charged in the Winneshiek district court with Larceny of a Motor Vehicle and with Breaking and Entering in the nighttime. To these charges he entered pleas of guilty and was sentenced to concurrent terms of not to exceed ten years in the State Penitentiary. Shortly thereafter he was transferred to the Insane Ward at the Men's Reformatory under the provisions of Section 246.16, Code 1954, I.C.A., where he is now confined. By Habeas Corpus Proceedings he seeks to nullify these convictions. The trial court dismissed his petition and he appeals.
The basis of the action is his claim that he was denied his constitutional right to counsel and thus denied due process of law. Specifically, it is alleged he was incompetent and of unsound mind at the time of his pleas of guilty and was incompetent to waive his constitutional rights.
Under our more recent decisions involving habeas corpus by one confined in prison, the denial of his constitutional rights, including the right to counsel, constitutes a lack of due process of law such as may invoke the benefits of habeas corpus. However, under the statute in force at the time material here, one charged with a felony might waive his right to counsel if competently and intentionally done, and the burden is upon the petitioner to show by a preponderance of the evidence that such waiver was not so made. Sewell v. Lainson, 244 Iowa 555, 57 N.W.2d 556; Carpentier v. Lainson, 248 Iowa 1275, 84 N.W.2d 32, 71 A.L.R.2d 1151; Mann v. Lainson, 250 Iowa 529, 94 N.W.2d 759.
Certain facts were stipulated. In August 1954, Petitioner, a prisoner in the Federal Penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kansas, was declared by an Examining Board to be of unsound mind and on the order of the Attorney General was transferred to a Medical Center for Federal Prisoners. In May 1957, he was an inmate in the Polk County, Iowa, jail and was transferred to the Men's Reformatory to await trial. Later he was transferred to the Mental Health Institute at Cherokee, Iowa, from which he escaped and was subsequently charged with the crimes for which he is now being held. In October 1957, shortly after his admission in the Penitentiary, he was examined by the Superintendent of the Mental Health Institute at Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, and classified as an unclassified psychotic and transferred to the Men's Reformatory.
Dr. Joseph Stomel, M. D., by deposition, stated that he examined petitioner on May 1, 1958 and diagnosed him as a schizophrenic reaction, paranoid type. Also by deposition Judge Goheen, who presided at the criminal trial in question, and the then County Attorney and Sheriff of Winneshiek County, Iowa, testified. They all state that they observed the petitioner at the time of the trial, that they observed nothing to indicate he was not normal mentally and in their opinion, he was sane, knew right from wrong and was competent to waive his right to an attorney. They further say that he was fully advised as to his right to an attorney, that he stated he did not want one and pleaded guilty. They further say that it is their recollection that a local member of the bar was called in and he consulted with the petitioner before the pleas were entered. However, the Court Records were introduced in evidence and they show that petitioner, after being fully advised of his rights, waived his right to counsel.
I. The trial court found that petitioner was sane at the time he entered his pleas of guilty, and also found that in truth and in fact, he had the benefit of counsel at that time. Error is assigned as to this last finding.
Habeas Corpus of the type here involved is a law action. The facts as found by the trial court have the effect of a jury finding and, if there is substantial support in the record for such findings, the same are binding upon this court. We have carefully examined the record and do not find such support for this finding. No mention is made in the court records as to counsel being called in; in fact it specifically states that the right to counsel was waived. It is clear that counsel was not present during any of the trial proceedings and each of the three above named witnesses state that the counsel, alleged to have been called in, stated to them that he has no recollection of ever talking with the petitioner. We hold that the court erred in finding petitioner had the benefit of counsel. We also hold it was error without prejudice in view of its finding that petitioner was sane.
II. Error is assigned in the trial court's sustaining objections to petitioner's Exhibit '1' which presents the crux of the case. Exhibit '1' is the statement of the Board of Examiners at the Leavenworth...
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