Thompson v. Harlow

• Decision Date: 17 May 1898
• Docket Number: 18,461
• Citation: 50 N.E. 474,150 Ind. 450
• Parties: Thompson et al. v. Harlow
• Court: Indiana Supreme Court

50 N.E. 474

150 Ind. 450

Thompson et al. v. Harlow

No. 18,461

Supreme Court of Indiana

May 17, 1898

From the Jackson Circuit Court.

Reversed.

Oscar H. Montgomery and William T. Branaman, for appellants.

A. N Munden and J. H. Kamman, for appellee.

OPINION

Hackney, J.

The appellee, by this proceeding sought to set aside a default and decree rendered against her in the lower court upon a cross-complaint filed by the appellants in a certain foreclosure suit to which she and they were defendants.

In her complaint or petition she alleges "that she had no notice or knowledge whatever of the filing of said cross-complaint; that she did not appear to said cross-complaint, nor had any one else authority to appear for her." This feature of the complaint attacks the jurisdiction of the court over the person of the appellee as to said cross-complaint, but there is an entire absence of allegation as to the finding or record of the court as to the question of jurisdiction. All may be true that she alleges and still there may have been a return of service, or an appearance without authority, which return or appearance the court may have adjudged upon the face of the record to be sufficient to confer jurisdiction. It has frequently been held that, in the absence of fraud, a judgment is not void if the infirmity for which it is attacked does not appear upon the face of the record. Clark v. Hillis, 134 Ind. 421, 34 N.E. 13; Palmerton v. Hoop, 131 Ind. 23, 30 N.E. 874; Earle v. Earle, 91 Ind. 27; Bailey v. Rinker, 146 Ind. 129, 45 N.E. 38; Exchange Bank v. Ault, 102 Ind. 322, 1 N.E. 562; DePuy v. City of Wabash, 133 Ind. 336, 32 N.E. 1016; Fitch v. Byall, 149 Ind. 554, 49 N.E. 455. If, therefore, the record discloses jurisdiction, and in the absence of an allegation to the contrary we must presume that it does, the appellee's remedy is not to set aside the decree. In this respect the attack would be from matters dehors the record, and would be collateral. Thompson v. McCorkle, 136 Ind. 484, 43 Am. St. 334, 34 N.E. 813; Cully v. Shirk, 131 Ind. 76, 31 Am. St. 414, 30 N.E. 882; Long v. Ruch, 148 Ind. 74, 47 N.E. 156; Cosby v. Powers, 137 Ind. 694, 37 N.E. 321. As held in all of these cases, a collateral attack must disclose the infirmity of the record or it will fail.

The allegations of the complaint are so meagre and unsatisfactory as to the scope of the foreclosure complaint that we are not enabled to judge whether the appellee and other junior lienors were so brought in as to raise a question of priorities between them. If it had such scope, service upon the cross-complaint attacking appellee's lien would not be necessary. Bevier v. Kahn, 111 Ind. 200, 12 N.E. 169; Jenkins v. Newman, 122 Ind. 99, 23 N.E. 683.

Another feature of appellee's complaint or petition is as to relief for "mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect," under section 399, Burns' R. S. 1894 (396, Horner's R. S. 1897). This feature does not depend upon the invalidity of the decree, and must be considered apart from the allegations of failure to give notice of the cross-complaint, since, as we have held, it cannot be said that notice was necessary or to be expected.

It was alleged that she held a judgment against her husband, Garret F. Harlow; that she had been advised by friends that said judgment was valid and could not be attacked in the foreclosure suit; that the attorney for the plaintiff advised her that he would set up in the complaint the date of said judgment and thus show its priority over all other liens on the lands, excepting said mortgage; that according to promise he did "set up the date of said judgment;" that she employed an attorney in said suit to claim, and he did claim her inchoate one-third as against said mortgage; that on the 22nd day of September, 1896, the attorney for the plaintiff in that suit and her said attorney "agreed in open court as to the judgment entry in said cause, namely: that only the undivided two-thirds of the lands * * * should be sold under the foreclosure proceeding, and that thereupon her counsel withdrew from said cause" and absented himself from the court; that thereafter on said day the appellants herein, who were codefendants with her in said foreclosure suit, and who had not then pleaded in said suit, filed a cross-complaint against her and others therein named, alleging that her said judgment was fraudulent and void, and did not belong to her, and prayed judgment accordingly; that thereupon she was ruled to answer said cross-complaint on the next day, and failing to do so, was, on said 23rd day of September, defaulted, and a decree was rendered against her that her said judgment was fraudulent and of no effect. It is alleged also that she was an aged German lady, unable to read English intelligently, and hardly able to speak or understand the English language; that she has always depended upon others for advice and direction in business affairs; that she is wholly ignorant of court proceedings or the rights of litigants, except as informed by others; that had she or her said attorney known that said cross-complaint was pending, she would have appeared to the same, and would have set up her defense. She then pleaded facts in support of her said judgment and its validity, and, barring the...