Tomita v. Tucker

• Decision Date: 31 July 1969
• Docket Number: Docket No. 6201,No. 2,2
• Citation: 18 Mich.App. 559,171 N.W.2d 564
• Parties: Sadako N. TOMITA and Lawrence Ko Tomita, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Dean TUCKER, Maynard Markham, and the City of East Lansing, a Michigan municipal corporation, Defendants-Appellants
• Court: Court of Appeal of Michigan — District of US

Page 564

171 N.W.2d 564

18 Mich.App. 559

Sadako N. TOMITA and Lawrence Ko Tomita, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Dean TUCKER, Maynard Markham, and the City of East Lansing,

a Michigan municipal corporation, Defendants-Appellants.

Docket No. 6201.

Court of Appeals of Michigan, Division No. 2.

July 31, 1969.

Released for Publication Nov. 6, 1969.

Daniel C. Learned, City Atty., East Lansing, for appellants.

William L. Mackay, Newman & Mackay, Lansing, for appellees.

Before LESINSKI, C.J., and DANHOF and QUINN, JJ.

QUINN, Judge.

At the close of plaintiffs' proofs in their action for false arrest, false imprisonment and malicious prosecution, the trial judge granted plaintiffs motion for directed verdict on the issue of liability. The jury returned a verdict for plaintiffs and judgment entered thereon. Defendants' motion for new trial was denied and they appeal.

Defendants Tucker and Markham are uniformed officers in the police department of the municipal defendant. April 23, 1964, the officers were assigned to investigate the operation of a business out of a home without a license. The home involved was the home of plaintiffs. When the uniformed officers called at the home for the investigatory purpose, Lawrence Ko Tomita was not there. Sadako N. Tomita, his wife, informed the officers that a business was conducted out of the home, and she permitted them to see it. The business was in the basement and consisted of Japanese foods and some sake, an alcoholic beverage. On the instruction of a superior officer, defendant Tucker purchased a bottle of sake from Mrs. Tomita.

April 24, 1964, after conferring with the officers, the prosecuting attorney's office authorized a warrant for both plaintiffs on a charge of selling alcoholic beverages, towit: one bottle of sake, without a license as required by statute.* Defendant Tucker signed a complaint for this offense and a municipal judge of East Lansing issued a warrant for the arrest of plaintiffs on this charge. Through their attorney, plaintiffs appeared voluntarily before the municipal judge, stood mute, posted bail and were released. On Lawrence Ko Tomita's motion at preliminary examination June 29, 1964, the charge against him was dismissed. Sadako N. Tomita was bound over to circuit court where her motion for dismissal was granted on the basis of entrapment. This action for false arrest, false imprisonment and malicious prosecution was instituted thereafter.

At trial, defendants offered in evidence the deposition of Lawrence Ko Tomita. Objection to its admission was sustained but it is before this Court on a separate record. The deposition should have been admitted. Ruhala v. Roby (1967), 379 Mich. 102, 150 N.W.2d 146. In that deposition, Mr. Tomita testified that he had a business in his home for which he had a Michigan sales tax license in his name. He testified he sold some sake and that he had no license to sell it. He further testified that in his absence, his wife ran the business.

Under the provisions of C.L.1948, § 436.1 et seq., as amended (Stat.Ann.1957 Rev. § 18.971 et seq., as amended), sale of alcoholic liquor is authorized if the seller is licensed. No person, his clerk or agent shall sell such products unless the provisions of the act are complied with, C.L.1948, § 436.32 (Stat.Ann.1957 Rev. § 18.1003). C.L.1948, § 436.50 (Stat.Ann.1957 Rev. § 18.1021) makes it a felony for a person to do an act for which a license is required without first obtaining a license.

The complaint agaisnt plaintiffs and the warrant issued for their arrest were valid on their face. This being true, there could be no action for false arrest or false imprisonment. Tryon v. Pingree (1897), 112 Mich. 338, 70 N.W. 905, 37 L.R.A. 222, Gooch v. Wachowiak (1958), 352 Mich. 347, 89 N.W.2d 496. Instead of directing a verdict for plaintiffs on these issues, the trial court should have directed a verdict for defendants.

Essential elements in an action for malicious prosecution include: (1) the fact of the alleged prosecution and that it has come to a legal termination in plaintiffs' favor; (2) lack of probable cause on the defendants' part to believe plaintiffs builty of the offense charged when defendants initiated the prosecution; and (3) malice of the defendants. Modla v. Miller (1955), 344 Mich. 21, 73 N.W.2d 220; Drobczyk v. Great Lakes Steel Corp. (1962), 367 Mich. 318, 116 N.W.2d 736. Defendant officers in good faith fully and fairly stated all material facts within their knowledge to the prosecuting attorney. There is no evidence in this record to establish that the officers acted...