Toner v. Fulkerson

• Decision Date: 26 September 1890
• Docket Number: 14,368
• Citation: 25 N.E. 218,125 Ind. 224
• Parties: Toner et al. v. Fulkerson et al
• Court: Indiana Supreme Court

25 N.E. 218

125 Ind. 224

Toner et al. v. Fulkerson et al

No. 14,368

Supreme Court of Indiana

September 26, 1890

From the Marshall Circuit Court.

The judgment is reversed, with costs.

A. L Agnew, S. P. Thompson, J. S. Slick and E. Myers, for appellants.

J. H Bibler, G. W. Holman and M. L. Essick, for appellees.

OPINION

Mitchell, J.

This suit was instituted by John B. Fulkerson and others against Edward Toner and eighteen others, who are alleged to have subscribed to the stock of the Rochester, Rensselaer and St Louis Railroad Company. It is averred in the complaint that the plaintiffs each hold claims upon which they have recovered separate judgments against the railroad company above named, and that one of the plaintiffs is the owner of a claim against the company, amounting to $ 2,092, and that the claim was for work and labor. There is no intimation as to how the other claims originated. It is averred that the corporation is wholly insolvent, and that it has no property subject to execution. It is also averred that the defendants were, at the time the several debts due the plaintiffs were incurred, stockholders of the corporation, each owning a specified number of shares. It does not appear from any averment in the complaint whether or not the defendants are indebted for the whole or for any part of their subscriptions to the stock.

The mere fact that the plaintiffs are the owners of unsatisfied judgments against an insolvent railroad corporation in which the appellants are shareholders, conceding, for the purposes of this case merely, that it sufficiently appears that the corporation was duly organized and that they are shareholders, does not invest them with the right to maintain an action against the latter as individuals. The distinguishing feature of corporate existence is, that the very fact of incorporation exempts the stockholders from all individual liability after they have paid the amount of their subscriptions for stock. After the full par value of the stock subscribed for has been paid, the common law liability of the stockholder, both as respects the corporation and its creditors, is at an end. Any additional liability must be imposed by statute, or must result from the failure of the supposed corporation to become duly incorporated, whereby the members constitute a copartnership and become liable as partners. Cook Stock, section 230; Morawetz Corporations, section 779....