U.S. v. Callaway, 91-3546

• Decision Date: 12 August 1992
• Docket Number: No. 91-3546,91-3546
• Citation: 972 F.2d 904
• Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Brenda CALLAWAY, Appellant.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit

Page 904

972 F.2d 904

UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Brenda CALLAWAY, Appellant.

No. 91-3546.

United States Court of Appeals,

Eighth Circuit.

Submitted April 13, 1992.

Decided Aug. 12, 1992.

Mark C. Meyer, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for appellant.

Rodger E. Overholser, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, for appellee.

Before McMILLIAN and BOWMAN, Circuit Judges, EISELE, ^* Senior District Judge.

PER CURIAM.

Brenda Callaway appeals the sentence imposed by the district court at resentencing upon her guilty pleas to fraud charges. We affirm.

Callaway pleaded guilty to making a false statement to the Social Security Administration, and to concealing information affecting her continued right to receive disability benefits on behalf of her infant granddaughter Latina with the intent to obtain and misuse the benefits. The district court enhanced Callaway's base offense level under U.S.S.G. §§ 2F1.1(b)(2)(A) and 3A1.1, based on its findings that Callaway had engaged in more than minimal planning and that Latina was a vulnerable victim. The court imposed a ten-month sentence on Callaway. On appeal, this court reversed in part and remanded for resentencing because the district court had erroneously concluded Latina was a vulnerable victim. United States v. Callaway, 943 F.2d 29, 31-32 (8th Cir.1991) (Callaway I). The underlying facts are set forth in full in Callaway I, 943 F.2d at 30-31.

Callaway now argues that the court violated her due process rights and contravened U.S.S.G. § 6A1.3(a). ¹ On resentencing, the applicable sentencing range was 2 to 8 months. The district court sentenced Callaway to a split sentence of four months in confinement and four months in a community corrections center with work release privileges, and reimposed the prior sentence in all other respects. The court relied on the hearsay statements of Callaway's daughter that Callaway had misused Latina's benefits in deciding to sentence Callaway at the top of the range. Callaway contests the court's reliance on hearsay statements.

The Court will not review Callaway's new claim. Callaway argues that the court imposed the sentence in violation of the law and incorrectly applied the Guidelines. See 18 U.S.C. § 3742(a)(1), (2). Assuming, without deciding, that Callaway preserved the hearsay issue for review, we decline to review it under the law-of-the-case doctrine. Under that doctrine, a decision in a prior appeal is followed in later proceedings unless a party introduces substantially different evidence, or the prior decision is clearly erroneous and works a manifest injustice. United States v. Unger, 700 F.2d 445, 450 n. 10 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 934, 104 S.Ct. 339, 78 L.Ed.2d 308 (1983); see also United States v. Roberts, 650 F.2d 933, 934 (8th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 973, 102 S.Ct. 523, 70 L.Ed.2d 392 (1981).

In Callaway I, we noted the district court had focused on Callaway's failure to use Latina's disability benefits for the child's care and support. We concluded that the district court had not erred in finding that the offenses involved more than minimal planning. Although "Callaway's receipt of the checks may have been 'purely opportune,' Callaway's concealment of Latina's absence and her use of Latina's benefits required repeated acts over a period of time." Callaway, 943 F.2d at 31. Although we did not specifically address the role of hearsay evidence in the district court's finding that Callaway had misused Latina's benefits, we implicitly relied on that finding in upholding the more-than-minimal-planning enhancement. Cf. Crum &...