U.S. v. Louisiana-Pacific Corp.

• Decision Date: 03 May 1988
• Docket Number: LOUISIANA-PACIFIC,No. 87-3764,87-3764
• Citation: 846 F.2d 43
• Parties: 1988-1 Trade Cases 67,991 UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v.CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellee.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Ninth Circuit

Page 43

846 F.2d 43

1988-1 Trade Cases 67,991

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. LOUISIANA-PACIFIC CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellee.

No. 87-3764.

United States Court of Appeals Ninth Circuit.

Argued and Submitted March 7, 1988.

Decided May 3, 1988.

Harold J. Krent, Asst. U.S. Atty., Washington, D.C., for plaintiff-appellant.

Clifford N. Carlsen, Jr., Miller, Nash, Wiener, Hager & Carlsen, Portland, Or., for defendant-appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Oregon.

Before GOODWIN, NELSON and LEAVY, Circuit Judges.

LEAVY, Circuit Judge:

The United States (hereinafter "FTC") appeals from the district court's order granting Louisiana Pacific's ("LP") motion for remand to the Federal Trade Commission. In granting the motion to remand, the district court ordered the FTC to reopen a consent order to consider whether and how it should be modified, altered, or set aside, 654 F.Supp. 962. In its appeal, the FTC contends that the district court incorrectly construed 15 U.S.C. Sec. 45(b) in finding that LP had made a satisfactory showing of changed conditions of law or fact. We dismiss FTC's appeal for lack of appellate jurisdiction and do not reach the merits.

Ordinarily, a remand order is not appealable. Eluska v. Andrus, 587 F.2d 996, 999 (9th Cir.1978). Under the collateral order doctrine, interlocutory appeals are allowed if taken from final orders that are separable from and collateral to the merits of the action. Cohen v. Beneficial Indus. Loan Corp., 337 U.S. 541, 546, 69 S.Ct. 1221, 1225-26, 93 L.Ed. 1528 (1949). To come within the collateral order doctrine, the order appealed from must (1) conclusively determine the disputed question; (2) resolve an important issue separate from the merits; and (3) be effectively unreviewable on appeal from a final judgment. Stringfellow v. Concerned Neighbors in Action, --- U.S. ----, 107 S.Ct. 1177, 1181-82, 94 L.Ed.2d 389 (1987) (citing Coopers & Lybrand v. Livesay, 437 U.S. 463, 468, 98 S.Ct. 2454, 2457-58, 57 L.Ed.2d 351 (1978)).

The district court's order remanding the question of whether the consent decree should be reopened does not "conclusively determine the disputed question," because the order of remand does not dictate the result of the reconsideration. The FTC may or may not find that the consent decree should be modified. See Coopers & Lybrand, 437 U.S. at 468, 98 S.Ct. at 2457-58; compare Cohen, 337 U.S. at 546-47, 69 S.Ct. at 1226 (district court order that defendant need not post security bond conclusively determined disputed question). The FTC's decision on remand whether to alter, modify, or set aside the consent order may affect the district court's determination of an appropriate civil penalty. The remand order is not completely separate from the merits of the action, but is " 'enmeshed in the factual and legal issues comprising the plaintiff's cause of action.' " Eluska, 587 F.2d at 1001 (quoting Coopers & Lybrand, 437 U.S. at 469, 98 S.Ct. at 2458). The remand order is not appealable under the collateral order doctrine.

Neither is the remand order appealable under Stone v. Heckler, 722 F.2d 464 (9th Cir.1983), in which the court held that a district court order reversing a denial of Social Security disability benefits and remanding to the Secretary of Health and Human Services constitutes a final order under 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1291. Id. at 466-67. In Stone, the district court essentially granted the social security claimant all relief she was seeking by forcing the Secretary to reconsider her claim for disability benefits in light of a standard different from that which the Secretary had previously applied. Id. Thus, the district court finally determined a separable legal issue; after a decision on remand, the Secretary would have no right to appeal, and the Secretary would have been required to apply the district court's formulation of the particular legal standard involved without ever having the opportunity to have that formulation...