U.S. v. Peters, s. 99-1440

• Decision Date: 15 February 2000
• Docket Number: 99-1441,Nos. 99-1440,s. 99-1440
• Citation: 215 F.3d 861
• Parties: (8th Cir. 2000) United States of America, Appellant/Cross-Appellee, v. Gregory Allen Peters, Appellee/Cross-Appellant. Submitted:
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit

Page 861

215 F.3d 861 (8th Cir. 2000)

United States of America, Appellant/Cross-Appellee, v. Gregory Allen Peters, Appellee/Cross-Appellant.

Nos. 99-1440, 99-1441

United States Court of Appeals FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT

Submitted: February 15, 2000

Filed: June 21, 2000

Appeals from the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.

Before BEAM and JOHN R. GIBSON, Circuit Judges, and PRATT,¹ District Judge.

BEAM, Circuit Judge.

Gregory Allen Peters was convicted of bank robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C 2113(a), and sentenced to seventy-two months with three years of supervised release. Both the United States and Peters appeal the sentence. We reverse and remand.

On May 7, 1998, Peters robbed the Twin Cities Federal Bank located within Cub Foods in Blaine, Minnesota, taking approximately $1700. Peters was arrested the next day and confessed to the robbery, stating that he did it to help a friend who needed money. Following a jury trial, Peters was convicted.

At sentencing, the district court determined that the base offense level for a violation of 18 U.S.C. 2113(a) is twenty. The district court added two levels because the property of a financial institution was taken. The district court declined to adjust the level for acceptance of responsibility or for career offender status making the total offense level twenty-two. The district court also determined that Peters had eighteen criminal history points which made his criminal history category VI. Thus, Peters's imprisonment range was eighty-four to 105 months. The district court sentenced Peters to seventy-two months, giving him a two-level departure under United States Sentencing Guidelines 5K2.0, based on Peters's mental and physical health.

The United States appeals contending that the district court should have enhanced Peters's sentence because he is a career offender under the guidelines. The United States also asserts that the district court abused its discretion in granting the departure on the basis of Peters's health. Finally, Peters appeals the district court's decision to deny his reduction for acceptance of responsibility.

The United States contends that Peters is a career offender under the Sentencing Guidelines. To be a career offender under section 4B1.1 three requirements must be met: (1) the defendant must be at least eighteen at the time the instant offense was committed; (2) the instant offense must be a crime of violence or a controlled substance offense; and (3) the defendant must have at least two prior felony convictions for crimes of violence or controlled substance offenses. Peters was forty-four when he committed the robbery and bank robbery is a crime of violence under the guidelines. See U.S.S.G. 4B1.2. Peters, however, disputes the third prong.

Peters has three prior Minnesota felony convictions that could qualify him as a career offender, namely: third-degree assault; first-degree burglary; and conspiracy to sell a simulated controlled substance. Neither party disputes that the assault conviction counts as one of the two needed for career offender purposes. Additionally, the district court determined conspiracy to sell a simulated controlled substance, in this case baking soda, did not qualify as a controlled substance offense under the guidelines and the government does not appeal this determination. This leaves only the burglary offense as a possible second felony for career offender purposes.

Although we have held that burglary is a crime of violence under section 4B1.2(a), that does not end our inquiry. See United States v. Reynolds, 116 F.3d 328, 329-30 (8th Cir. 1997). To qualify as a "prior felony" for career offender purposes, the felony must receive criminal history points under subsection (a), (b), or (c) of 4A1.1. See U.S.S.G. 4B1.2(c). It is not clear in this case whether Peters's conviction for burglary would receive criminal history points under any of these sections.

In 1988, Peters was initially charged with receiving and concealing stolen property. Later, it was determined Peters had also committed burglary and he was so charged in three counts. On May 4, 1989, Peters was sentenced to...