U.S. v. Pinero, 90-5392
Citation | 948 F.2d 698 |
Decision Date | 11 December 1991 |
Docket Number | No. 90-5392,90-5392 |
Parties | UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Ramon PINERO, Teddy Suarez, Defendants-Appellants. |
Court | United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (11th Circuit) |
Joaquin Perez, Miami, Fla., for Ramon Pinero.
Charles G. White, Miami, Fla., for Teddy Suarez.
Dexter W. Lehtinen, U.S. Atty., Linda Collins Hertz, Dawn Bowen, Sonia O'Donnell, Asst. U.S. Attys., Miami, Fla., for U.S.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida.
Before FAY and HATCHETT, Circuit Judges, and HILL, Senior Circuit Judge.
Defendants-appellants, Teddy Manuel Suarez and Ramon Pinero seek reversal of their convictions for possession with intent to distribute cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), and conspiracy to do the same, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846, 1 arguing for the first time on appeal that the jury which decided their fate was never sworn in and that, therefore, the guilty verdict rendered by the jury was a nullity. 2 For the reasons that follow, we AFFIRM.
The court record reveals that the jury was selected and impaneled on January 30, 1990. The jury was not, however, sworn in on that day. Instead, the district court decided that it would hear arguments and testimony on a late motion to suppress on February 1, 1990 and then, immediately afterwards, swear in the jury and formally begin the trial. On February 1, 1990, after deciding the outcome of the motion to suppress, the court requested that the jury be brought in. The court briefly addressed the jury before the litigants launched into opening statements and the trial began in earnest.
Absent from the record is any indication that the jury was ever administered its oath. 3 This is the basis of appellants' appeal.
We note at the outset that it is not clear from the caselaw whether juries in the federal court system are required to be sworn in. 4 Certainly, that is the standard practice. Therefore, we assume without deciding that such a requirement exists.
Assuming the existence of such a requirement, however, does not resolve the matter. Appellants must meet their burden of proving that the jury was not sworn before being permitted to take advantage of that fact. Suarez and Pinero offer this court no affidavits from attorneys, the court reporter, or anyone else present in the courtroom on February 1, 1990 to support their assertion that the jury did not receive its oath. Instead, appellants direct our attention solely to the record. The mere absence of an affirmative statement in the record, however, is not enough to establish that the jury was not in fact sworn. In State v. Mayfield, 235 S.C. 11, 109 S.E.2d 716 (1959), cert. denied, 363 U.S. 846, 80 S.Ct. 1616, 4 L.Ed.2d 1728 (1960)--a decision with which the former Fifth Circuit expressed "full agreement" in United States v. Hopkins, 458 F.2d 1353, 1354 (5th Cir.1972) 5--the Supreme Court of South Carolina held that the Mayfield, 109 S.E.2d at 723 (citation omitted).
In the end, then, we are left with an issue of fact--whether the district court administered the oath to the jury. This court, however, is not the appropriate body to resolve factual issues. Waganer v. Sea-Land Service, Inc., 486 F.2d 955, 959 (5th Cir.1973). When the factual issue is raised for the first time on appeal, this is especially true. See Ballard v. Johnson, 821 F.2d 568, 572 n. 1 (11th Cir.1987); cf. Singleton v. Wulff, 428 U.S. 106, 120, 96 S.Ct. 2868, 2877, 49 L.Ed.2d 826 (1976) . The judgment of the district court is, therefore, AFFIRMED. 6
1 Suarez was sentenced to 240 months' incarceration, to be followed by five years of supervised release. Pinero was sentenced to 151 months' incarceration, also to be followed by five years of supervised release.
2 Appellants raise seven...
To continue reading
Request your trial-
United States v. Turrietta
...in federal courts is up in the air. See Romualdo P. Eclavea, et al., 47 Am.Jur.2d Jury § 192 (2011); see also United States v. Pinero, 948 F.2d 698, 700 (11th Cir.1991) (“[I]t is not clear from the case law whether juries in the federal system are required to be sworn in.”). No federal cour......
-
Montgomery v. State
...not sworn reinforces the accuracy of the transcript.Id. at 122–23, 956 A.2d 204 (emphasis added). The Court discussed United States v. Pinero, 948 F.2d 698 (11th Cir.1991), in which, according to the Court of Appeals: [T]he argument that the jury was not sworn was made for the first time on......
-
Harris v. State
...in Harris having failed to carry his burden of persuasion." Harris, 173 Md.App. at 85, 917 A.2d at 1170. Citing United States v. Pinero, 948 F.2d 698 (11th Cir.1991), the Court of Special Appeals stated that "the absence of an affirmative statement in the transcript that the jury was sworn ......
-
State v. Vogh
...Arellano, 125 N.M. 709, 712, 965 P.2d 293 (1998); Sides v. State, 693 N.E.2d 1310, 1312 (Ind.1998); see also United States v. Pinero, 948 F.2d 698, 700 (11th Cir.1991) (per curiam) (questioning the existence of a requirement to swear the jury in criminal cases tried in federal Thus, in dete......