U.S. v. Riebschlaeger

• Decision Date: 18 March 1976
• Docket Number: No. 75--2149,75--2149
• Citation: 528 F.2d 1031
• Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. James E. RIEBSCHLAEGER and Ruben Cortez Alaniz, Defendants-Appellants.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Fifth Circuit

Page 1031

528 F.2d 1031

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. James E. RIEBSCHLAEGER and Ruben Cortez Alaniz, Defendants-Appellants.

No. 75--2149.

United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit.

March 18, 1976.

Rehearing Denied May 5, 1976.

Douglas Tinker, Corpus Christi, Tex., for Riebschlaeger.

Nago L. Alaniz, San Diego, Tex., Michael Anthony Maness, Houston, Tex., for Alaniz.

Edward B. McDonough, Jr., U.S. Atty., James R. Gough, Mary L. Sinderson, Asst. U.S. Attys., Houston, Tex., for plaintiff-appellee.

Appeals from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas.

Before BELL, GODBOLD and RONEY, Circuit Judges. ^*

PER CURIAM:

Appellants were convicted of conspiracy to possess marijuana with the intent to distribute, and possession of 44 pounds of marijuana with intent to distribute, in violation of Title 21 U.S.C.A. §§ 846 and 841(a). We find probable cause and exigent circumstances and therefore no error in denying the motion to suppress based on a claim of an illegal warrantless search. We also find a sufficiency of evidence on the element of intent to distribute.

The other assignment of error raises the point, novel in this circuit, that the entire jury panel should have been quashed because many of the jurors had served during the same term of court in criminal cases and had convicted defendants in cases where the same prosecutor was prosecuting, and some on one jury in a case where defense counsel was defending and lost. No specific bias was asserted as to any particular juror. ¹ This contention is without merit. We disagree with the dissenting opinion in Casias v. United States, 10 Cir., 1963, 315 F.2d 614, which articulates a concept of implied bias of jurors where the prospective jurors had sat on similar drug cases in the same term of court. The federal decisions are to the contrary. See, e.g. United States v. Haynes, 2 Cir., 1968, 398 F.2d 980, 983--86; Government of Virgin Islands v. Williams, 3 Cir., 1973, 476 F.2d 771, 773--74; Belvin v. United States, 4 Cir., 1926, 12 F.2d 548, 550; United States v. DeMet, 7 Cir., 1973, 486 F.2d 816, 819; United States v. Williams, 8 Cir., 1973, 484 F.2d 176, 177--178; United States v. Estrada, 9 Cir., 1971, 441 F.2d 873, 878--79. Cf. United States v. Tropeano, 1 Cir., 1973, 476 F.2d 586; United States v. Ragland, 2 Cir., 1967, 375 F.2d 471, 475--76; United States v. Stevens, 6 Cir., 1971, 444 F.2d 630. This cause is unlike Everitt v. United States, 5 Cir., 1960, 281 F.2d 429, 432, 438, where the same jurors had convicted a co-defendant immediately preceding defendant's trial and had been complimented by the court upon their verdict.

Affirmed.

* This opinion was concurred in by Judge Bell prior to his resignation from the Court on March 1, 1976.

1 The district court was careful to explore any problem of partiality stemming from prior jury service, as follows:

Now some of the jurors on this panel have served on other criminal cases during the past several months. You have heard various Government witnesses testify, and some of them may testify in this case. You have observed the Assistant United States Attorney as he has presented the Government's case, and some of you may have sat on cases in which some of the Attorneys representing the Defendants have appeared. Has anything...