U.S. v. Rivera

• Decision Date: 18 August 1982
• Docket Number: No. 80-1115,80-1115
• Parties: UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Ricardo E. RIVERA, et al., Defendants-Appellees.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Fifth Circuit

Page 308

684 F.2d 308

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Ricardo E. RIVERA, et al., Defendants-Appellees.

No. 80-1115.

United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit.

Aug. 18, 1982.

Kenneth J. Mighell, U. S. Atty., Dan C. Guthrie, Jr., Asst. U. S. Atty., Fort Worth, Tex., William C. Bryson, Caroline Heck, Ann T. Wallace, Attys., Appellate Section, Crim. Div., Dept. of Justice, Washington, D. C., for plaintiff-appellant.

Ernest W. Kuehne, Dallas, Tex., for Baker, Pugh, Hunter and Maull.

Tim K. Banner, Dallas, Tex., for Clifton Blair.

William M. Ravkind, Dallas, Tex., for Billy Ray Redmon.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas.

Before RUBIN and GARZA, Circuit Judges, and SUTTLE ^*, District Judge.

ON PETITION FOR REHEARING

SUTTLE, District Judge.

The facts of this case are set out in United States v. Rivera, 654 F.2d 1048 (5th Cir. 1981). While the government was preparing its petition for rehearing, the Supreme Court agreed to hear United States v. Ross, 655 F.2d 1159 (D.C.Cir.1981). In granting the petition for certiorari in Ross, the Supreme Court directed the parties "to address the question whether the Court should reconsider Robbins v. California, 453 U.S. (420) (,101 S.Ct. 2841, 69 L.Ed.2d 744) (1981)." United States v. Ross, --- U.S. ----, 102 S.Ct. 386, 70 L.Ed.2d 205 (U.S., 1981). In view of the Supreme Court's action, we informed the parties that we would defer acting on the government's petition for rehearing until the Supreme Court rendered an opinion in Ross.

The Supreme Court rendered its opinion in Ross on June 1, 1982. In light of that opinion, we will vacate our prior decision and reverse the district court's order suppressing evidence of the core samples of marijuana.

In United States v. Ross, --- U.S. ----, 102 S.Ct. 2157, 73 L.Ed.2d 572 (1982), the Supreme Court again considered "the extent to which police officers-who have legitimately stopped an automobile and who have probable cause to believe that contraband is concealed somewhere within it-may conduct a probing search of compartments and containers within the vehicle whose contents are not in plain view." Id. at ----, 102 S.Ct. at 2159. In overruling its decision of the preceding term in Robbins v. California, 453 U.S. 420, 101 S.Ct. 2841, 69 L.Ed.2d 744 (1981), the six-judge majority held that "the scope of the warrantless search authorized by ... (the automobile) exception is no broader and no narrower than a magistrate could legitimately authorize by warrant. If probable cause justifies the search of a lawfully stopped vehicle, it justifies the search of every part of the vehicle and its contents that may conceal the object of the search." Id. --- U.S. at ----, 102 S.Ct. at 2173-2175.

In arriving at its decision, the court explained:

... When a legitimate search is under way, and when its purpose and its limits have been precisely defined, nice distinctions between closets, drawers, and containers, in the case of a home, or between glove compartments, upholstered seats, trunks, and wrapped packages, in the case of a vehicle, must give way to the interest in the prompt and efficient completion of the task at hand.

The scope of a warrantless search of an automobile thus is not defined by...