United States v. Shaughnessy, No. 158

CourtUnited States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit)
Writing for the CourtL. HAND, , and SWAN, and CHASE, Circuit
Citation180 F.2d 489
PartiesUNITED STATES ex rel. KALOUDIS v. SHAUGHNESSY.
Docket NumberDocket 21572.,No. 158
Decision Date20 February 1950

180 F.2d 489 (1950)

UNITED STATES ex rel. KALOUDIS
v.
SHAUGHNESSY.

No. 158, Docket 21572.

United States Court of Appeals Second Circuit

Argued January 30, 1950.

Decided February 20, 1950.


Moerman & Moerman, New York City, Arthur G. Hayes, New York City (Harold D. Safir, New York City, of counsel), for relator-appellant.

Irving H. Saypol, U. S. Atty., New York City, William J. Sexton, New York City (Louis Steinberg, District Counsel, Immigration and Naturalization Service, New York City, Lester Friedman, Atty., Immigration and Naturalization Service, New York City, of counsel), for respondent-appellee.

See Pressman, New York City, for International Workers Order, amicus curiae.

Before L. HAND, Chief Judge, and SWAN, and CHASE, Circuit Judges.

L. HAND, Chief Judge.

This is an appeal by an alien from an order dismissing a writ of habeas corpus to release him from custody under an order of deportation. The question involved is the extent to which the district court has power to review the exercise of a discretion of the Attorney General, conferred upon him by the Immigration Act.1 The facts are as follows. Kaloudis, the relator, is a Greek merchant seaman who entered the United States on April 22, 1944, for shore leave only, not to exceed twenty-nine days. Nevertheless, he obtained extensions of time until 1946, when his application for further leave was denied, as he was informed by letter on July 3, 1946. He was, however, allowed to make a voluntary departure on or before October 1st,2 instead of which on

180 F.2d 490
September 21, 1946, he married a citizen, and they have now had a child, born on June 18, 1949. Having refused to avail himself of the privilege of voluntary departure, deportation proceedings were started against him on May 9, 1947, upon the ground that he had remained in the United States longer than was permitted by law; and the presiding inspector found that he was a deportable alien for that reason. Although the inspector also found that deportation would result in "serious economic detriment" to his wife and child, and that he was therefore eligible for a suspension of deportation under the statute,3 he recommended that no suspension should be granted. The Commissioner adopted this recommendation on June 2, 1949; and the alien appealed to the Board of Immigration Appeals, which on July 20, 1940, dismissed the appeal and affirmed the Commissioner's order. The Board gave, as its reason for refusing a suspension, that "the alien was a member of an organization appearing on the proscribed list issued by the Attorney General, the International Workers Order." Although the record does not expressly say...

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81 practice notes
  • Bolton v. Dep't of the Navy Bd. for Corr. of Naval Records, No. 18-3284
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (6th Circuit)
    • 18 Enero 2019
    ...to the authority of the executive and not appropriate subjects for judicial review); United States ex rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy , 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir. 1950) (clemency "is a matter of grace, over which courts have no review") (Learned Hand, J.); United States v. Pollard , 416 F.3d 4......
  • New York Racing Ass'n, Inc. v. N.L.R.B., Nos. 832
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit)
    • 10 Mayo 1983
    ...argument Page 57 is that "not every governmental action is subject to review by judges." United States ex rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy, 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir.1950) (L. Hand, Ch. J.). 5 The Racing Association is in the same position as any party who seeks an election but is unsuccessful ......
  • U.S. v. Pollard, No. 01-3103.
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (District of Columbia)
    • 22 Julio 2005
    ...by Judge Learned Hand, "[i]t is a matter of grace, over which courts have no review[.]" United States ex. rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy, 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir.1950). Thus, it is entirely out of our power to compel discovery of or access to documents for the sake of a clemency petition. W......
  • Snell v. Wyman, No. 67 Civ. 2676.
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (5th Circuit)
    • 29 Febrero 1968
    ...370 (1958); Gross v. Bishop, 377 F.2d 492, 494 (8th Cir. 1967); Moss v. Hornig, 314 F.2d 89 (2d Cir. 1963); United States v. Shaughnessy, 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir.) This is not to say, of course, that the power to mitigate the law's literal exactions is beyond constitutional scrutiny. Arbi......
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82 cases
  • Bolton v. Dep't of the Navy Bd. for Corr. of Naval Records, No. 18-3284
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (6th Circuit)
    • 18 Enero 2019
    ...to the authority of the executive and not appropriate subjects for judicial review); United States ex rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy , 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir. 1950) (clemency "is a matter of grace, over which courts have no review") (Learned Hand, J.); United States v. Pollard , 416 F.3d 4......
  • New York Racing Ass'n, Inc. v. N.L.R.B., Nos. 832
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit)
    • 10 Mayo 1983
    ...argument Page 57 is that "not every governmental action is subject to review by judges." United States ex rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy, 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir.1950) (L. Hand, Ch. J.). 5 The Racing Association is in the same position as any party who seeks an election but is unsuccessful ......
  • U.S. v. Pollard, No. 01-3103.
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (District of Columbia)
    • 22 Julio 2005
    ...by Judge Learned Hand, "[i]t is a matter of grace, over which courts have no review[.]" United States ex. rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy, 180 F.2d 489, 491 (2d Cir.1950). Thus, it is entirely out of our power to compel discovery of or access to documents for the sake of a clemency petition. W......
  • Sabino v. Reno, No. CIV. A. H-97-3884.
    • United States
    • United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (1st Circuit)
    • 1 Junio 1998
    ...United States ex rel. Hintopoulos v. Shaughnessy, 233 F.2d 705 (2d Cir.1956) (quoting United States ex rel. Kaloudis v. Shaughnessy, 180 F.2d 489 (2d Cir.1950) (Hand, 38. But cf. We Shung, 77 S.Ct. at 254 (stating that allowing alien to seek review by declaratory judgment would not "enlarge......
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