Utzler v. Medical Center Hosp. of Vermont

• Decision Date: 24 December 1987
• Docket Number: No. 85-418,85-418
• Citation: 540 A.2d 652,149 Vt. 126
• Court: Vermont Supreme Court
• Parties: William UTZLER v. MEDICAL CENTER HOSPITAL OF VERMONT and Surgical Associates Foundation, Inc.

Page 652

540 A.2d 652

149 Vt. 126

William UTZLER v. MEDICAL CENTER HOSPITAL OF VERMONT and Surgical Associates

Foundation, Inc.

No. 85-418.

Supreme Court of Vermont.

Dec. 24, 1987.

Tyler, Bruce & Brooks and Michael Rose, on the brief, St. Albans, for plaintiff-appellant.

S. Crocker Bennett, II and Michael I. Green of Paul, Frank & Collins, Inc., Burlington, for defendants-appellees.

Before PECK, DOOLEY and MAHADY, JJ., and KEYSER, J. (Ret.) and COSTELLO, District Judge (Ret.), Specially Assigned.

MAHADY, Justice.

Plaintiff, William Utzler, appeals the judgment rendered in a medical malpractice action he instituted against defendant, Surgical Associates Foundation. Analytically, there are two distinct claims of negligence. The first relates to the care which plaintiff received during his hospitalization for a bypass operation in July of 1976; the second relates to the care which plaintiff received following his discharge from the hospital. The trial court directed a verdict in favor of defendant as to the plaintiff's claim of negligence for the treatment he received after his discharge. A jury returned a verdict in favor of defendant as to plaintiff's claim of negligent care up to plaintiff's discharge from the hospital in July, 1976.

Two issues are presented: 1) Did the trial court err by recalling the jury to reread an entire portion of the charge, which had been provided to the jury in writing, after the court realized that it had inadvertently omitted one specific instruction from that protion when it read the charge to the jury? 2) Did the trial court err when it directed a verdict in favor of the defendant as to the care received by plaintiff after July of 1976?

We conclude that the trial court's actions as to both issues were entirely proper and affirm.

I.

The trial court provided written copies of its charge to counsel prior to reading the charge to the jury. Copies were subsequently provided to the jury itself.

The written charge included an instruction, specifically requested by defendant, that "a physician is not required to be infallible." Proving that judges, too, are not infallible, the trial judge inadvertently omitted that phrase when he read the charge to the jury. Defendant's counsel called the omission to the attention of the court, and the court conferred with both counsel, seeking their advice as to the best manner in which to deal with the situation.

The court declined to recall the jury to simply read the omitted phrase. Instead, the court recalled the jury and reread the entire section of the charge, this time including the missing instruction. In no way did the court emphasize the omitted phrase in rereading the entire section to the jury.

As a starting point, the phrase in question was a correct statement of the law. In Vermont, a physician "is not required to be infallible." Domina v. Pratt, 111 Vt. 166, 170, 13 A.2d 198, 200 (1940); and see Senesac v. Associates in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 141 Vt. 310, 313, 449 A.2d 900, 902 (1982) (defendant must have departed from the proper standard of medical skill and care of the plaintiff to be found negligent). However, plaintiff argues that the trial court injected a bias in favor of defendant by its actions after the inadvertent omission was called to its attention.

Of course, a trial court must not give undue emphasis to a single instruction contained in a charge to the jury. Gero v. John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co., 111 Vt. 462, 474, 18 A.2d 154, 160 (1941). However, it is not error to reiterate a portion of the charge where no undue emphasis is placed on the reiterated passage. Cadel v. Sherburne Corp., 139 Vt. 134, 137-38, 425 A.2d 546, 548 (1980).

It is difficult to envision a method of correcting the omission which would be fairer and more even-handed than that fashioned on the spot by the trial court. Defendant had specifically requested the omitted instruction which was a correct statement of the law. At the charge conference the court had indicated that the instruction would be included and did, in fact, include it in the written charge. Defendant was entitled to rely upon its inclusion. Cf. Fraser v. Choiniere, 133 Vt. 631, 633-34, 350 A.2d 755, 757 (1975), overruled on other grounds, Bruntaeger v. Zeller, 147 Vt. 247, 256, 515 A.2d 123, 129 (1986). On the other hand, plaintiff was entitled to an assurance that the omitted instruction would receive no undue influence in the eyes of the jury.

The trial court thoughtfully, carefully...