Vargas v. City of Phila.
Decision Date | 18 November 2013 |
Docket Number | CIVIL ACTION No. 11-2639 |
Parties | LIZETTE VARGAS, et al. v. CITY OF PHILADELPHIA, et al. |
Court | U.S. District Court — Eastern District of Pennsylvania |
MEMORANDUM
Before me is a motion for summary judgment by defendants the City of Philadelphia and police officers Keith White and Matthew Blaszczyk on the claims made by plaintiff Lizette Vargas, individually and as administratrix of the estate of her deceased daughter Tabitha Gonzalez. Gonzalez suffered from an asthma attack on the night of August 19, 2009 which caused her severe anoxic brain injury. She was pronounced brain dead and taken off of life support six days later on August 26, 2009. Plaintiff alleges that the two defendant police officers prevented her and others from transporting her daughter to nearby Temple University Hospital for emergency care while she was suffering from the asthma attack, thereby fatally delaying her access to crucial medical treatment. Plaintiff also alleges that the City of Philadelphia's policy, custom, and failure to train its police officers led to violations of plaintiff and decedent's constitutional rights. For the following reasons, I will grant defendants' motion for summary judgment.
On the night of August 19, 2009, 15-year old Gonzalez began suffering from an asthma attack while at her home in North Philadelphia. Dkt. No. 12-4 at 86:16-19. Her mother plaintiffLizette Vargas later found her lying on the ground on the sidewalk in front of the house. Dkt. No. 12-4 at 88:22-89:10. Erik Franklin, the boyfriend of Maritza Rojas, and two neighbors lifted Gonzalez into the backseat of a car belonging to Julia Diaz, another cousin of Gonzalez. Dkt. No. 12-4 at 94:9-95:20. During this time, plaintiff and Diaz both dialed 911 and placed five separate calls between 12:08 a.m. and 12:14 a.m. Dkt. No. 12-18 at 16:12-19. Police Communications Center dispatched defendant police officers Keith White and Matthew Blaszczyk, both in the same car, in response to reports of "a person screaming" on the call made at 12:10 a.m. and 40 seconds. Dkt. No. 12-18 at 25:8-20. Neither officer was made aware that the call was regarding a medical emergency.1 Dkt. No. 12-7 at 12:17-19, 13:5-14; Dkt. No. 11-5 at 20:14-23. While en route at 12:13 a.m. and 42 seconds, the officers ran separate tags of two different vehicles. Dkt. No. 11-5 at 40:19-41:10; 43:5-10. The officers arrived on the scene at 12:13 a.m. and 56 seconds.2 Id. at 45:15-17. By the time of their arrival, it is undisputed that Gonzalez was unconscious and that she remained unconscious throughout the time that the officers were on location that night. Dkt. No. 11-6 at 42:5-10.
The events immediately following officers White and Blaszczyk's arrival are in dispute. Plaintiff testified that Franklin was in Diaz's backseat with Gonzalez while plaintiff was in thepassenger front seat and Diaz, as the driver, had pulled the car "halfway" out of its parking spot when officers White and Blaszczyk parked their car parallel to the car that plaintiff was in. Dkt. No. 11-4 at 95:23-97:10; Ex. D-1. According to plaintiff, the officers' parked car was positioned so that its back door blocked her from opening her passenger-side door. Dkt. No 11-4 at 98:4-8; Ex. D-1. She claims that she then banged on her door to "let [the officer] know that [she] can't open up the door" while Diaz rolled down her window to tell the officer that they had Gonzalez in the car and "got to go." Dkt. No. 11-4 at 98:4-14. Plaintiff testified that the first officer3 to exit the patrol car walked in front of Diaz's car to the driver's side and while walking, told the occupants to "get the fuck out of the car, turn off the engine now" as Diaz was trying to explain to him their medical emergency. Id. at 98:14-99:5; 103:8-17. Diaz turned off the engine and, along with the rest of the passengers, exited the car, leaving Gonzalez propped against the car backseat.4 Id. at 103:18-105:12; Dkt. No. 12-6 at 31:19-33:2. At this point, plaintiff claims that the police officer pulled open the backseat door that Gonzalez's legs were leaning against, causing half of her body from the torso downwards to tumble outside onto the ground.5 Dkt. No. 11-4 at 103:21-104:3; Dkt. No. 12-6 at 33:3-34:7. According to plaintiff, she attempted to move towards her daughter but was prevented from doing so by the officer who "blocked" her. Dkt. No. 11-4 at 108:2-109:13.
In contrast to plaintiff's version of events, officers White and Blaszczyk testified that they were not blocking any cars when they pulled onto the street of the Vargas residence. Dkt.No. 12-9 at 7:16-18; Dkt. No. 12-7 at 22:10-14. They also claim that Gonzalez was already on the sidewalk upon their arrival: Officer Blaszczyk testified that he saw "a female laying on the sidewalk" as he exited his vehicle and similarly Officer White claimed to have observed that there were "two Hispanic males that were over top of a[ ] Hispanic female who was on the ground." Dkt. No. 12-9 at 7:23-8:1; Dkt. No. 11-6 at 20:15-17. The officers assert that along with the two Hispanic males they attempted to move Gonzalez back into the car and "got her halfway into the car and she just didn't fit into the back door." Dkt. No. 11-6 at 21:11-18; Dkt. No. 12-9 at 9:18-22. Officer White recalls that as they were attempting to move Gonzalez into the car he heard the siren of an ambulance coming and "it was very clear [to him] that [they] were not going to get her [Gonzalez] into the back of the car and [so he] recommended that [they] wait for the ambulance to arrive." Dkt. No. 11-6 at 21:20-24. Officer White further explained that "as the ambulance was pulling up, the two females were screaming at [them] that [they] don't want to fucking help, to get the fuck away from her [Gonzalez]." Id. at 24:13-15. Officer White claims he stepped away from them and approached the ambulance as it arrived on location. Id. at 24:15-17. Officer also testified that during the time he and officer White were attempting to help transport Gonzalez he was told Dkt. No. 12-9 at 9:8-11. Both officers assert that they did not prevent anyone from taking Gonzalez to the hospital. Dkt. No. 11-6 at 49:8-13; see Dkt. No. 12-9 at 19:12-23. Both officers acknowledge that at no time that night did they have a reasonable suspicion that there was any criminal activity at the location. Dkt. No. 11-6 at 35:14-22; Dkt. No. 12-9 at 15:22-16:2.
Franklin testified that the officers were on scene for less than a minute before the first group of EMTs arrived: "Right when the cop came and opened the door, not even a minute later,that's when the rescue and the fire department and everything came." Dkt. No. 11-2 at 34:1935:1. Franklin's estimation is in line with EMT records which show that the first group of responders arrived on scene at 12:14 a.m. and 37 seconds, less than one minute after White and Blaszczyk's arrival. Dkt. No. 11-9 at 22:3-5. The first group of responders arriving in a fire truck recollected that they saw a large crowd of people at the scene who were "screaming, hollering, fighting" "amongst each other" and also that Gonzalez was "half-in" the car and was unresponsive with no vital signs. Dkt. No.11-10 at 9:22-10:6; Dkt. No. 11-11 at 16:2-17:13. The first responders pulled Gonzalez out of the car and onto the sidewalk, provided basic life support and CPR to her until the medic unit came in an ambulance, assisted her onto a stretcher, loaded her into the ambulance and continued providing CPR to her on the way to Temple University Hospital. Dkt. No. 11-11 at 16:2-9. Gonzalez arrived at the hospital at 12:28 a.m. and 31 seconds, approximately twenty minutes after plaintiff's first call to 911. Dkt. No. 11-9 at 28:10-11. She had suffered a severe anoxic brain injury by the time of her arrival, was pronounced brain dead, taken off of life support and died two weeks later on August 26, 2009. Dkt. No. 12-3 at ¶¶ 22-24.
Plaintiff claims defendants violated both her and the decedent Gonzalez's constitutional rights to be free from unlawful seizure and physical restraint. Id. ¶¶ 25, 28. Additionally, plaintiff claims a violation of her fundamental liberty interest in the care, custody and management of her child, and the decedent's right to her well-being, life and personal security. Id. ¶¶ 25, 28. Finally, plaintiff alleges that the City of Philadelphia's failure to train its police officers or, in the alternative, its policy and customs in allowing its police officers to disregard family and/or parental rights and individuals' right to seek emergency medical treatment, constitute an injury for which it is responsible under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Id. ¶¶ 33-34.
The City of Philadelphia policies that are relevant to plaintiff's claims are found in the Philadelphia Police Department Directive 63 of March 3, 1996 on "Hospital Cases"6 and an appendix, Memorandum 99-2 of January 29, 19997 titled "The Duty of Police Officers to Identify and Facilitate Medical Care for Persons Found in Semi-Conscious or Unconscious Condition as a Result of Epilepsy, Diabetes or Other Illness." Dkt. Nos. 12-23, 12-24. Memorandum 99-2 states that "persons found in semi-conscious or unconscious condition orexhibiting symptoms due to epileptic or diabetic illness shall immediately be transported to a hospital for treatment by a physician." Memorandum 99-2 is based upon a Pennsylvania General Assembly Act that imposes obligations on police officers prior to charging individuals with a crime.8
According to Sergeant Paul Starrs9 of the Research and Planning Unit for the Philadelphia Police Department, City police are trained in the police academy to recognize medical emergencies including emergencies such as an asthma attack. Dkt. No....
To continue reading
Request your trial