W.W. Grainger, Inc. v. N.L.R.B.
| Decision Date | 15 August 1978 |
| Docket Number | No. 77-1532,77-1532 |
| Citation | 582 F.2d 1118 |
| Parties | 99 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 2375, 84 Lab.Cas. P 10,751 W. W. GRAINGER, INC., Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Seventh Circuit |
Charles C. Jackson, Chicago, Ill., for petitioner.
Before CUMMINGS and SPRECHER, Circuit Judges, and CAMPBELL, Senior District Judge. *
W. W. Grainger, Inc., has petitioned to review and set aside an order 1 of the National Labor Relations Board (Board), affirming the findings of an Administrative Law Judge. The Board has cross-applied for enforcement of its order. The Board concluded that petitioner violated Section 8(a)(1) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. § 158(a)(1) by maintaining invalid no-solicitation rules. The Board further concluded that petitioner violated Section 8(a)(1) by issuing warnings to two employees, Walter Pace and Bruce Talaber, and Section 8(a)(3) by discharging Talaber. Because there is substantial evidence on the record as a whole to support the Board's conclusions, we deny the petition for review, and we enforce the Board's order.
The record demonstrates that W. W. Grainger, Inc., is engaged in the business of wholesale distribution of electrical products, and operates a distribution warehouse in Niles, Illinois, where approximately 90 people are employed. For several years prior to the events giving rise to this case, petitioner had experienced attempts at union organization of its employees. During the first week of April, 1975, two of its former employees, Boscarino and Hansen, solicited employees to sign union 2 authorization cards at the warehouse entrance. Boscarino and Hansen were brothers-in-law of Talaber, one of petitioner's employees. Their relationship to Talaber and union activity were known to Dean Null, petitioner's Warehouse Personnel Manager.
The record further shows that prior to work Talaber also gave union authorization cards to some of the employees at the warehouse, handed out some ballpoint pens imprinted with the name of the union, and, on a few occasions, discussed the union with several employees during work time. In April or May, 1975, Null indicated to Talaber that he had heard that Talaber was soliciting for the union on working time. Talaber denied the charge, and stated that he was merely telling the employees that the union was good. Null then warned Talaber that any further soliciting on working time would result in his termination. Later the same day Null confronted Pace with a similar accusation. Pace denied that he had been soliciting for the union, and stated that it was Talaber who was soliciting. Null then warned Pace that soliciting during working time could be punished by discharge. In neither interview did Null reveal to Pace or Talaber any of the details concerning the alleged solicitations, or offer any reasons for believing the two had been soliciting during working time.
On June 2 Richard Muller, petitioner's Warehouse Operations Manager, issued a written warning to Pace, advising him that employee Chekos had told Muller that Pace had solicited Chekos during working time. Although Pace denied the accusation, he signed the written warning. Pace then told Muller that it was Talaber who had been soliciting. Later the same day, Muller inquired of Pace whether he had solicited others. Pace stated that Talaber had solicited him during the prior week in regards to a meeting to be held in June. Pace further stated that Talaber had solicited employees Dublinski and Davis, although he gave no details about this solicitation nor was he asked to do so. A couple of days later Muller handed Pace a statement which read:
Upon Muller's request, Pace signed the statement. Beyond the written statement of Pace, no investigation was made into the details of the solicitation. Muller showed the document to petitioner's Vice-President Lyons with a recommendation that Talaber be fired. Lyons remarked that this "written documentation" constituted evidence of "flagrant multiple violations" of the petitioner's no-solicitation rule.
On June 9, as Talaber was reporting for work, he was escorted by a foreman to Muller's office. Muller told Talaber that he was being terminated for soliciting for a union and that the company had evidence in its files that he was soliciting on company time. Talaber denied the accusation and asked to see the evidence in the files. His request having been refused, Talaber was escorted off the premises.
Initially, the Board found that at all relevant times petitioner had in effect three successive, illegal no-solicitation rules. Petitioner conceded that its published rules were facially invalid due to the breadth of language employed. In view of its ultimate decision that petitioner's disciplinary actions against Pace and Talaber and the discharge of Talaber were pretextual actions designed to punish union adherents without regard to whether they had violated the no-solicitation rules, the Board found it unnecessary to address petitioner's contention that, as communicated and applied, the no-solicitation rule was valid. Our review of the record reveals substantial evidence to support the Board's determination that petitioner's no-solicitation rules were invalid. Since we further find substantial evidence to support the Board's ultimate determination, we likewise deem it unnecessary to treat petitioner's contention here. 3
In seeking to set aside the Board's order, petitioner principally contends that no substantial evidence supports the Board's determination that the discharge of Talaber amounted to a pretextual action in violation of Section 8(a)(3). As we recently stated on several occasions, the controlling principle behind the finding of a Section 8(a)(3) violation is the determination that the employer's action in discharging an employee was discriminatorily...
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