Wellner v. Minnesota State Junior College Board
| Decision Date | 23 October 1973 |
| Docket Number | No. 73-1131.,73-1131. |
| Citation | 487 F.2d 153 |
| Parties | Gary A. WELLNER, Appellee, v. MINNESOTA STATE JUNIOR COLLEGE BOARD, Appellant. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit |
Theodore N. May, Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., St. Paul, Minn., for appellant.
Clinton J. Hall, St. Paul, Minn., for appellee.
Before HEANEY, STEPHENSON and WEBSTER, Circuit Judges.
Minnesota State Junior College Board (the Board) appeals following an adverse final order in a 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action brought against the Board by Gary A. Wellner, a nontenured faculty member of Metropolitan State Junior College (Metro). Wellner alleged that he was deprived of procedural due process since the Board did not afford him a hearing prior to its decision not to reappoint him as a Metro faculty member. The trial court in an unreported opinion, held that certain "racist" charges made against Wellner, which were placed in his file, and the attendant stigma involved in the Board's failure to reappoint him constituted "a deprivation of his interest in liberty," within the meaning of Board of Regents of State Colleges et al. v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972), and Perry v. Sindermann, 408 U.S. 593, 92 S.Ct. 2694, 33 L.Ed.2d 570 (1972); and that Wellner therefore was entitled to a prior hearing.1
The trial court determined at the time it rendered its order that "a hearing held now could not adequately reflect the actual circumstances surrounding the making of the racist charges against plaintiff and the decision not to reappoint him for the 1971-1972 year." It therefore assessed back pay against the Board; ordered the Board to appoint Wellner at the beginning of the next quarter or semester to a position of equal rank, responsibility and salary to that which he held at Metro during the 1970-1971 academic year, but at a Minnesota State Junior College other than Metro because of the "tensions and problems which would result from him working there;" and further ordered the Board to expunge from its records all matter relating to Wellner's "actions or attitudes toward black people which indicate that he holds a bias or prejudice against them."
We affirm in part and reverse in part and remand this cause with directions.
In its opinion and order the trial court found: that Minnesota Stat.Ann. § 136.-62 (1967) authorizes Metro to appoint, reappoint and not reappoint nontenured faculty members without giving reasons or affording a hearing; that Dr. Robert W. Jensen, Metro's president, appointed Wellner to the Metro faculty during the 1969-1970 academic year as a physical education instructor and wrestling coach; that pursuant to the recommendation of the Faculty Review Committee (Committee), Dr. Jensen reappointed Wellner for the next academic year; that although Wellner applied for the position of permanent athletic director, Dean of Students, Dr. James P. Lund, appointed an outsider, Grover Garvin; that Wellner was heavily burdened with extra work, which he was forced to assume in order to keep his job; that problems arose during the 1970-1971 academic year between Wellner and other faculty members, which triggered Dr. Lund to recommend to Dr. Jensen in writing that Wellner not be reappointed "because of `lack of cooperation and the ill feelings that have developed in the Athletic Department as a result of Mr. Wellner's attitude and actions;'" that other anti-Wellner material was gathered by Dr. Lund and placed in Wellner's file at Metro which charged Wellner with having a hatred toward blacks; that during the same period the Committee recommended to Dr. Jensen that Wellner be reappointed; that Dr. Lund in a memorandum to Dr. Jensen, recommended to the contrary; and that Dr. Jensen decided not to reappoint Wellner.
The trial court concluded that the accusations contained in the adverse memoranda were without foundation in fact, and that "they consist of conclusions and mental impressions which are readily explainable when one considers that they were made at the direction of Dr. Lund" who was the superior of the authors of the memoranda. Insofar as the racist charges were concerned, the trial court found that there was no evidence of any kind to sustain or lend veracity to such charges. It determined that "the evidence shows that the presence of the written racist charges in Wellner's file at Metro clearly reduces and diminishes his chances to obtain another teaching position since it is likely that his prospective employers will have access to such file."
The principal question presented by this appeal is whether the record supports the trial court's determination that Wellner had been deprived of an interest in liberty entitling him to a hearing pursuant to the dictates of Roth and Sindermann, supra.
In Harnett v. Ulett, 466 F.2d 113, 116 (8th Cir. 1972), we interpreted Roth as determining "that absent some sort of statutory tenure or contractual rights, a public employee has no interest cognizable at law necessitating due process protection unless a showing is made that the government conduct likely will . . . impose a stigma upon the employee that will foreclose future opportunities to practice his chosen profession." Accord, Wilderman v. Nelson, 467 F.2d 1173, 1176 (8th Cir. 1972).
Both Roth and Sindermann subscribe to the view that although a person may have "no `right' to a valuable governmental benefit and even though the government may deny him the benefit for any number of reasons, there are some reasons upon which the government may not rely." Sindermann, supra, 408 U.S. 593, 597, 92 S.Ct. 2694, 2697, 33 L.Ed.2d 570 (1972). "`Where a person's good name, reputation, honor, or integrity is at stake because of what the government is doing to him, notice and an opportunity to be heard are essential.'" Roth, supra, 408 U.S. 564, 573, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2707, 33 L.Ed.2d 548 (1972).
This case was tried to the court sitting without a jury. The scope of our review is therefore limited to whether the findings made by the trial court are clearly erroneous. Fed.R.Civ. 52 (a); see Brown v. Scott, 454 F.2d 693, 694 (8th Cir. 1972). "A finding is `clearly erroneous' when although there is evidence to support it, the reviewing court on the entire evidence is left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed." United States v. United States Gypsum Co., 333 U.S. 364, 395, 68 S.Ct. 525, 542, 92 L.Ed. 746 (1948); Arkansas Ed. Ass'n v. Bd. of Ed., Portland Ark. Sch. Dist., 446 F.2d 763, 770 (8th Cir. 1971).
The record discloses that subsequent to its decision to recommend reappointment, the Faculty Review Committee...
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