Wharton v. United States, FS 72-C-50.

• Decision Date: 02 October 1972
• Docket Number: No. FS 72-C-50.,FS 72-C-50.
• Citation: 348 F. Supp. 1026
• Parties: Oscar Floyd WHARTON, Plaintiff, v. UNITED STATES of America, Defendant.
• Court: U.S. District Court — Western District of Arkansas

348 F. Supp. 1026

Oscar Floyd WHARTON, Plaintiff, v. UNITED STATES of America, Defendant.

No. FS 72-C-50.

United States District Court, W. D. Arkansas, Fort Smith Division.

October 2, 1972.

Oscar Floyd Wharton, pro se.

MEMORANDUM OPINION

PAUL X WILLIAMS, District Judge.

On a date prior to July 3, 1972 the Petitioner, Oscar Floyd Wharton, mailed to the Judge of this Court a file of handwritten papers which he entitled "PETITION FOR HABEAS CORPUS 28 U.S. C.A. 2241-2255."

Upon examination of the papers it appeared that Petitioner was and is a prisoner in a Kansas State Penitentiary, pursuant to a sentence of a Kansas State Court, and the allegations of his self-prepared pleading did not allege facts constituting a deprivation of a civil or constitutional right.

By letter dated July 3, 1972 this Court denied Petitioner the right to file such petition in the District Court for the Western District of Arkansas.

The matter was apparently sent to the Court of Appeals for 8th Circuit because on July 28, 1972 that Court entered the following order:

ORDER

"This case comes before the Court on consideration of an application for leave to proceed in forma pauperis. In connection with the application the Court has carefully considered papers received but apparently not filed in the United States District Court of the Western District of Arkansas. Being fully advised in the premises it is now here ordered:

The application for leave to proceed in forma pauperis is granted and the Clerk of this Court is directed to regularly docket this case. The denial of the application of Oscar Floyd Wharton by the United States District Court of the Western District of Arkansas is reversed and the matter is remanded to the District Court with directions to file the application and to consider the same as an application for writ of error coram nobis. See United States v. Morgan, 346 U.S. 502, 74 S.Ct. 247, 98 L.Ed. 248 (1954). July 28, 1972."

The Petitioner's sheaf of papers was actually filed by the Clerk of this Court on July 31, 1972. Examination of the file reveals that Petitioner contends that he was convicted in the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas (Fort Smith) in 1962 and served his sentence; but that subsequently he has been convicted in a Kansas State Court and the conviction in the United States Court was used by the Kansas Court to impose a more severe sentence. He alleges that the United States conviction was invalid because it did not meet due process and equal protection. Then he alleges that prior to his United States trial at Fort Smith in 1962 he was convicted of a felony in Texas and that in the Texas conviction he "never had an attorney nor was he offered an attorney," and that the United States District Court at Fort Smith was informed about the Texas conviction and the Texas conviction was invalid which made the United States District Court conviction invalid which made the Kansas conviction and sentence invalid.

On August 3, 1972 the United States by its District Attorney filed answer to the Petitioner's motion, the prayer of which is that the petition be dismissed.

On August 8, 1972 this Court caused the proceedings in this Court in Texarkana No. 4536 and Fort Smith 5844 dated November 27, 1962 to be transcribed and a copy thereof to be forwarded to Oscar Floyd Wharton.

On August 10, 1972, Oscar Floyd Wharton filed an instrument styled "TRAVERSE OF RESPONDENTS ALLEGATIONS" consisting of five handwritten pages and verified by Mr. Wharton.

In paragraph II of the traverse is the verified statement by Mr. Wharton that his waiver of counsel in the instant Court has nothing to do with the issues at bar.

On August 15, 1972 this Court received from Mr. Wharton a letter by certified mail in which Mr. Wharton stated:

"It is true we now have an inmate rights attorney who has an office in the capitol at Topeka, but the head of it is a former assistant atty. general of the Criminal Division, but he also violently opposes any legal views. . ."

"I am indigent, I can't retain counsel, all I can depend on is inmate assistance, therefore if you feel I need counsel under the new criminal act you can appoint counsel—See Boyd v. Dutton 405 U.S. 1, 92 S.Ct. 759, 30 L.Ed.2d 755 (1972) which I hope you will. . . ."

By letter dated September 8, 1972 the Directors of Legal Service for Prisoners at Topeka, Kansas informed this Court that Oscar Wharton, an inmate at the Kansas State Penitentiary, contacted him to assist Mr. Wharton in this case and that it is the policy of the Legal Service group to request the Court to appoint an attorney if the Court is of the opinion that the case has merit.

On September 18, 1972 this Court wrote the following letter to the Director:

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

WESTERN DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS

POST OFFICE BOX 1623

FORT SMITH, ARKANSAS 72901

PAUL X WILLIAMS JUDGE

September 18, 1972

Mr. Pete Farabi, Director Legal Service for Prisoners, Inc 5600 West Sixth - Box 829 Topeka, Kansas 66601 Dear Sir RE: Oscar Wharton v U. S. A No. FS-72-C-50

This will acknowledge your letter of September 8, 1972 in which you request that this court appoint counsel to assist Mr. Wharton in the presentation of his law suit.

As you know this matter was certified to our Court by the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals to be heard as a Writ of Error Coram Nobis. We have been unable to find any authority to appoint counsel for Mr. Wharton in this application for which the United States can pay an attorney's fee.

In spite of the fact, we have contacted several attorneys locally and solicited their aid in presenting Mr. Wharton's theory to the Court and to date we have found no lawyer any where in our district who subscribes to his theory or believes there is merit in his contention.

Consequently, if your office can in good conscience represent Mr. Wharton, we will be pleased to hear from you.

Yours truly Paul X Williams cc: Mr. Oscar Wharton Box 2 Lansing, Kansas 66043

As the Court understands its provisions, no fee can be allowed under 18 U.S.C. § 3006 to any attorney for representing an indigent on a coram nobis application.

28 U.S.C. § 1915(d) provides that: "The court may request an attorney to represent any such person unable to employ counsel and may dismiss the case if the allegation of poverty is untrue, or if satisfied that the action is frivolous or malicious."

Petitioner states that the available counsel in Kansas have told him that they find no merit in his contention.

This Court has not personally asked every attorney in Western Arkansas about his views on Petitioner's application, but has made more than a casual inquiry among local attorneys and finds none who believes he can in good conscience urge the position advanced by Mr. Wharton. This Court has enjoyed a good relationship with the attorneys who practice before it in Western Arkansas and feels that any one of them would gladly serve in this case without hope of fee if he could in good conscience urge the theory relied on by Mr. Wharton.

Consequently there is no counsel of record for the Petitioner.

The Court is reluctant to proceed in this case, when no attorney has appeared for the Petitioner, but it appears that the transcription of the proceedings of November 27, 1962 comprises all of the evidence necessary and there is merely a matter of law presented to the Court and that is whether or not the petitioner is entitled to have the conviction in the United States District Court in 1962 set aside as being in violation of some right of the Petitioner which he can raise under the theory of "Writ of Error Coram Nobis."

There can be no question of the right of Petitioner to pursue the course of procedure he has followed for although Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 60(b) provides that Writs of Coram Nobis are abolished, the United States Supreme Court has held that under the great writ statute (28 U.S.C. § 1651) coram nobis is still available. United States v. Morgan, 346 U.S. 502, 74 S.Ct. 247, 98 L.Ed. 248 (1954)

50 F.R.D. 153 et seq. contains the subject matter of a treatise by Judge Elmo B. Hunter of Kansas City, Missouri on "Post Conviction Remedies". At page 166 appears the following:

"While there may be some thought that the ancient writ of coram nobis may no longer be available, it would appear to be still authorized in the All Writs Statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1651. A typical situation for coram nobis is where the prisoner is in state custody serving a habitual criminal sentence dependent on a prior felony conviction in a federal court. Coram nobis is available to correct errors of fact that affect the validity and regularity of a judgment, and is confined to cases where the errors are of the most fundamental character, as to render the proceedings itself irregular and invalid. United States v. Morgan, 346 U.S. 502, 507, 74 S.Ct. 247, 98 L.Ed. 248; Kyle v. United States, C.A. 2 1961, 288 F.2d 440, 441; Adam v. United States, C.A. 10 1960, 274 F.2d 880, 881. Coram nobis is not a substitute for habeas corpus or for section 2255 relief. Cito v. United States, C.A. 10 1960, 283 F.2d 49, cert. den. 366 U.S. 938, 81 S.Ct. 1664, 6 L.Ed.2d 849."

In case of Rodgers v. United States (5th Circuit) 451 F.2d 562 in speaking of coram nobis the court said:

"Continuation of litigation after final judgment and exhaustion or waiver of any statutory right of review should be allowed through this extraordinary remedy only under circumstances compelling such action to achieve justice."

The 8th Circuit has dealt with coram nobis in the case of McFadden v. United States (1971) 439 F.2d 285 in which case Judge Gibson used the following language:

"Morgan is of course the landmark case. There the petitioner, who had completed a sentence for a federal crime, was convicted of a state crime and given an enhanced term as a second offender because of his prior federal conviction. He then attacked the federal conviction for

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