Wilson v. Hauck, 6:00–CV–6458 EAW.

• Citation: 141 F.Supp.3d 226
• Decision Date: 28 October 2015
• Docket Number: No. 6:00–CV–6458 EAW.,6:00–CV–6458 EAW.
• Parties: Mike WILSON, a/k/a Mahadi S. Doggett, Plaintiff, v. Raymand R. HAUCK, et al., Defendants.
• Court: United States District Courts. 2nd Circuit. United States District Court of Western District of New York

141 F.Supp.3d 226

Mike WILSON, a/k/a Mahadi S. Doggett, Plaintiff,

v.Raymand R. HAUCK, et al.¹ , Defendants.

No. 6:00–CV–6458 EAW.

United States District Court, W.D. New York.

Signed Oct. 28, 2015.

Jeffrey A. Wadsworth, Kyra Tichacek Keller, Harter Secrest & Emery LLP, Rochester, NY, for Plaintiff.

Gary M. Levine, New York State Office of the Attorney General, Rochester, NY, for Defendants.

DECISION AND ORDER

ELIZABETH A. WOLFORD

, District Judge.

INTRODUCTION

Plaintiff Mike Wilson, a/k/a Mahadi S. Doggett, a former inmate of the Attica Correctional Facility, filed this action seeking relief under 42 U.S.C. § 1983

, alleging violations of his Fourth and Eighth Amendment constitutional rights. (Dkt. 1 & 3). Plaintiff claims that Defendants Sergeant Raymand R. Hauck ("Hauck"), and Correctional Officers Gary J. Piesczynski ("Piesczynski"), Dale Spencer ("Spencer"), Charles T. Brew ("Brew"), James W. Holtz ("Holtz"), and Robert Hansen ("Hansen") violated his rights by use of excessive force and/or by failing to protect Plaintiff from that excessive force. (Dkt. 1 & 3). The trial of this matter is scheduled to commence on November 2, 2015. (Dkt. 126).

Currently pending before the Court is Plaintiff's motion for sanctions. (Dkt. 118). Plaintiff asks the Court to order that the jury be given an adverse inference instruction based upon Defendants' alleged spoliation of evidence (namely, a videotape and photographs related to the April 30, 1999, incident). For the following reasons, Plaintiff's motion for sanctions is granted.

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff alleges that on April 30, 1999, during the course of a cell extraction, Defendants Piesczynski, Spencer, Brew, Holtz, and Hansen assaulted him, using excessive force. Plaintiff also claims that Defendants Holtz and Hansen subjected Plaintiff to a sexual assault that caused Plaintiff physical pain and mental trauma. Additionally, Plaintiff alleges that Defendant Hauck, a superior officer, did nothing to stop or prevent the alleged assaults.

The trial of this matter was previously scheduled to commence on March 17, 2015. (Dkt. 112). Pursuant to the Pretrial Order entered on May 28, 2014 (id.), Plaintiff filed his motion for sanctions on February 17, 2015 (Dkt. 118). The trial date was subsequently adjourned due to Plaintiffs health issues (see Dkt. 122), and was rescheduled for November 2, 2015 (Dkt. 126). Defendants filed their opposition to Plaintiff's pending motion on September 24, 2015 (Dkt. 128), and Plaintiff filed a reply on September 29, 2015 (Dkt. 129).

DISCUSSION

Plaintiff has moved for sanctions. Specifically, Plaintiff requests the jury be given an adverse inference instruction based on Defendants' alleged destruction of a videotape and several photographs.

The videotape at issue was made on a handheld video recorder the night of April 30, 1999. It shows the extraction of Plaintiff from his cell, as well as the events following that extraction (Plaintiff's placement in the shower, the strip-frisk of Plaintiff, and the photographing of Plaintiff's injuries). A copy of this videotape exists and has been viewed by the Court.

The photographs at issue are Polaroid photographs of Plaintiff's injuries taken following the cell extraction. Color copies of these photos exist and have been viewed by the Court.

The record regarding these items of evidence is somewhat confused. On May 9, 2001, Attica Correctional Facility sent Plaintiff a memorandum indicating that the videotape had "been preserved." (Dkt. 118–17 at 7). In a motion dated August 12, 2001, Plaintiff moved this Court for an order compelling Defendants to produce the original versions of both the videotapes and the photographs. (Dkt. 118–8). In opposition to Plaintiff's motion, Defendants' then-counsel submitted a sworn affidavit dated August 25, 2001, in which he stated that (1) he had the photographs in his possession and would make them available to Plaintiff immediately prior to trial, and (2) he did not oppose Plaintiff's request that the original videotape be made available for trial and would "advise the correctional facility to preserve the original tape for trial." (Dkt. 118–10). On March 18, 2002, the Court entered a Decision and Order providing that "the original videotape shall be available at the trial of this action" and "[t]he original photographs are to be available at trial for Plaintiff's use." (Dkt. 118–12 at 3).

Then, almost 13 years later, on January 5, 2015, Plaintiff's counsel sent a letter to Defendants' current counsel inquiring about the original videotape. (Dkt. 118–13). On January 8, 2015, Defendants' counsel sent a letter claiming that "the original video tape was destroyed on July 20, 2000," and attaching, apparently for the first time, a letter from Attica Correctional Facility to Defendants' counsel dated April 11, 2001, stating that "the video tape was destroyed on July 20, 2000 after the prosecution case. It no longer exists." (Dkt. 118–15). On February 3, 2015, Plaintiffs counsel sent an email to Defendants' counsel asking for the originals of the photographs. (Dkt. 118–14). Defendants' counsel responded the same day with an email stating that "[w]e do not appear to have the original photographs in our file." (Dkt. 118–16).

At the final pretrial conference held on October 15, 2015, Defendants' current counsel brought with him several videotapes from his file that are marked "original." Defendants' counsel also brought several photographs, in both Polaroid and 35mm formats, that appear to depict Plaintiff after the incident on April 30, 1999. Defendants' counsel stated to the Court that he was not familiar with the provenance of these items and could not represent to the Court that they were, in fact, the original videotape and original photographs at issue on this motion. Plaintiff's counsel subsequently inspected these items and set forth in detail the reasons that they are not the originals. (Dkt. 131). In sum, the record supports the conclusion that the original videotape and photographs no longer exist.

As set forth above, it is not clear from the record exactly when or how the original videotape and photographs were lost or destroyed. Although Defendants argue that the Court should conclude that the original videotape was destroyed prior to the March 18, 2002 Order requiring preservation, the Court is not inclined to credit an unsworn letter, first produced nearly 14 years after it was apparently written, over the sworn affidavit submitted by Defendants' counsel in August 2001 that indicated the original videotape and photographs still existed and would be preserved. Defendants also have not offered any explanation for how the photographs came to be lost or destroyed when the originals were in their counsel's possession in 2001. From the record before it, the Court concludes that Defendants at one point possessed the original photographs and had the ability to preserve the original videotape, yet neither has been preserved.

As the Second Circuit Court of Appeals has explained:

[A] party seeking an adverse inference instruction based on the destruction of evidence must establish (1) that the party having control over the evidence had an obligation to preserve it at the time it was destroyed; (2) that the records were destroyed "with a culpable state of mind"; and (3) that the destroyed evidence was "relevant" to the party's claim or defense such that a reasonable trier of fact could find that it would support that claim or defense.

Residential Funding Corp. v. DeGeorge Fin. Corp., 306 F.3d 99, 107 (2d Cir.2002)

(citation omitted). Here, Defendants argue that they did not have a duty to preserve the evidence at issue because "[t]he individual defendants are not the Department of Corrections and Community Supervision" and "[a]t no time did the individual defendants possess the video or photographs." (Dkt. 128 at 3). This argument is without merit. "[E]ven where a party ... lacks actual physical possession or custody of requested documents ... such party may nevertheless be found to have control of the documents ... if the party is legally entitled to the documents or has the practical ability to acquire the documents from a third-party...." Gross v. Lunduski, 304 F.R.D. 136, 142 (W.D.N.Y.2014). Courts in this district have held that the relationship between DOCCS and its employees is "sufficiently closely coordinated" to find that DOCCS employees have control over evidence held by DOCCS. Guillory v. Skelly, No. 12–CV–00847S(F), 2014 WL 4542468, at *8 (W.D.N.Y. Sept. 11, 2014) ; see also Vigliotti v. Selsky, No....