Worden v. Pratt and Whitney Aircraft

• Decision Date: 01 December 1971
• Docket Number: No. GG--38927,No. 40921,40921,GG--38927
• Citation: 256 So.2d 209
• Parties: Norris E. WORDEN, Petitioner, v. PRATT AND WHITNEY AIRCRAFT et al., Respondents. Industrial Relations Commission Claim
• Court: Florida Supreme Court

Page 209

256 So.2d 209

Norris E. WORDEN, Petitioner, v. PRATT AND WHITNEY AIRCRAFT et al., Respondents.

No. 40921.

Industrial Relations Commission Claim No. GG--38927.

Supreme Court of Florida.

Dec. 1, 1971.

Rehearing Denied Jan. 24, 1972.

J. J. Goodmark, of Goodmark & Goodmark, West Palm Beach, for petitioner.

Paul C. Wolfe, of Jones, Paine & Foster, West Palm Beach, J. Franklin Garner and Kenneth H. Hart, Jr., Tallahassee, for respondents.

ADKINS, Justice.

By petition for writ of certiorari, we have for review an order of the Industrial Relations Commission dated February 19, 1971, affirming an order of the Judge of Industrial Claims.

Petitioner-claimant, a 58-year-old male, was employed by respondent Pratt and Whitney Aircraft as a heat treater. In his employment claimant was required to look into electric furnaces which generated temperatures of 2400--2700 degrees to determine the proper color of materials being treated in the furnaces. Claimant had been employed by respondent since 1960.

This claim was made because of cataracts which developed in the claimant's eyes. The first cataract developed sometime before January 9, 1967, in claimant's left eye, and the second cataract developed sometime after that date and before the spring of 1969. Claimant was required to look into the furnaces every day and was approximately two feet away from them. They were small laboratory furnaces and the heat would not burn claimant's body. On a Saturday, claimant noticed that he could no longer use a microscope as a 'filmy-kind of light web structure' obscured whatever he looked through in the miscroscope. He reported this to his supervisor.

On January 9, 1967, claimant consulted Dr. Robert D. Baum, an ophthalmologist, who noted a moderately severe cataract of the left eye. Dr. Baum had examined claimant in 1965 and found claimant's eyes essentially normal.

In July, 1968, Dr. Baum performed a cataract operation on the left eye. Claimant returned to his employment. A second cataract developed on the right eye and this was removed by Dr. Baum on June 30, 1969.

A claim was made because of the cataracts. There was no claim for temporary benefits or for medical care as each of these items had been appropriately provided in the past by the carrier. At the hearing, it was agreed that the carrier had also paid twenty per cent loss of vision of the claimant's left eye and five per cent loss of vision of his right eye. A claim was made for additional permanent disability, future medical care, attorneys' fees, transportation and costs.

It was the position of the employer and carrier that although they had paid compensation and provided medical care, the claimant was not injured by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment and did not have an occupational disease. In the alternative, employer and carrier alleged that they had paid all benefits to which the claimant was entitled.

At the hearing, Dr. Baum testified that within reasonable medical probability, both cataracts were caused by the infrared radiation to which claimant was exposed on his job with the respondent Pratt and Whitney Aircraft. In the doctor's opinion any cataract which would have developed from exposure to infrared radiation would have developed over a period of years from repeated exposure. Because of this, the Judge of Industrial Claims held that this was not an injury by accident arising out of and in the course of employment. The Judge also held that any cataract which claimant had was not peculiar to any particular occupation and, therefore, was not an occupational disease within the purview of the workmen's compensation law. The claim for additional compensation benefits and additional care was denied and, upon review by the Industrial Relations Commission, the order was affirmed.

The accidental nature of an injury is not altered by the fact that, instead of a single occurrence, the injury is the cumulated effect of a series of occurrences. As stated in Brito v. Advance Metal Products, Inc., 244 So.2d 428 (Fla.1971):

'In Victor Wine & Liquor, Inc. v. Beasley, Fla.1962, 141 So.2d 581, the Court in analyzing 'exposure' cases, points out that the ill effects of the exposure need not occur suddenly and be immediately related to an identifiable incident. The Court further points out that in Czepial (v. Krohne, Roofing Co., Fla., 93 So.2d 84), supra, the Court had held that

"In the so-called 'exposure' cases, this court has stressed that, to entitle the employee to compensation, he must have been subjected to more than the ordinary hazards confronting people generally; but we have found no case in which it has been held that the ill effects of the exposure must occur suddenly and be immediately related to an identifiable incident. On the contrary, it was held in the Czepial case, supra, 93 So.2d 84, that 'the fundamentally accidental nature of the injury is not altered by the fact that, instead of a single occurrence, it is the cumulative effect of the inhalation of dust and fumes to which a claimant is peculiarly susceptible that accelerates a claimant's...