Young v. Young

• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals
• Writing for the Court: COBB; COWART; GOSHORN; GOSHORN
• Citation: Young v. Young, 600 So.2d 1140 (Fla. App. 1992)
• Decision Date: 08 May 1992
• Docket Number: No. 91-1314,91-1314
• Parties: Thomas S. YOUNG, Appellant, v. Donna S. YOUNG, Appellee. 600 So.2d 1140, 17 Fla. L. Week. D1165

Page 1140

600 So.2d 1140

Thomas S. YOUNG, Appellant, v. Donna S. YOUNG, Appellee.

No. 91-1314.

600 So.2d 1140, 17 Fla. L. Week. D1165

District Court of Appeal of Florida Fifth District.

May 8, 1992.

Rehearing Denied July 10, 1992.

J. Cheney Mason, P.A., Orlando, for appellant.

Harvey M. Alper, of Massey, Alper & Walden, P.A., Altamonte Springs, for appellee.

COBB, Judge.

Thomas Young appeals the supplemental final judgment rendered in his dissolution of marriage action. The husband argues (1) the court erred in finding that his professional association had transferable goodwill separate from his reputation and in assigning a value to the goodwill; (2) the amount of alimony awarded was so high as to constitute an abuse of the trial court's discretion; and (3) the court erred in failing to set a specific sum the husband was required to pay in premiums in health and life insurance for the wife.

We consider these points in inverse order. In regard to the third issue, we agree with the appellant/husband that his insurance obligation should have been limited to a specific sum commensurate with his current level of premium expense. See Burgess v. Burgess, 576 So.2d 1348 (Fla. 2d DCA 1991); Szemborski v. Szemborski, 530 So.2d 361 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988).

In regard to the second issue, we find that the alimony award of $6,274.00 per month, which will decrease to $4,774.00 per month after three years, was within the ambit of the trial court's broad discretion in view of the husband's ample income. See Canakaris v. Canakaris, 382 So.2d 1197 (Fla.1980).

The most difficult issue posed by this appeal is the first one: the legal validity of the trial court's determination that the goodwill of the professional association of the husband, a sole practitioner in obstetrics and gynecology, was a marital asset carrying a value of $250,000.00, for which the wife was entitled to be paid $125,000.00. The trial judge stated that she was bound by the recent Florida Supreme Court decision in Thompson v. Thompson, 576 So.2d 267 (Fla.1991), to make an equitable distribution of the goodwill of the husband's medical practice.

In Thompson, the Florida Supreme Court held:

If a law practice has monetary value over and above its tangible assets and cases in progress which is separate and distinct from the presence and reputation of the individual attorney, then a court should consider the goodwill accumulated during the marriage as a marital asset. [Footnote omitted].

Thompson at 270. The court emphasized that for goodwill to be a marital asset, it must exist separate and apart from the reputation or continued presence of the marital litigant or the tangible assets. ¹ It is incumbent upon the claiming party to produce evidence demonstrating the discrete existence of that goodwill. Once that is done, said the court, then the exclusive method of measuring the value of that goodwill entails a fair market value approach--i.e., what a willing buyer would pay, and a willing seller would accept, neither acting under duress. Thompson at 270.

The husband's expert, one Michael Mard, found the economic net worth of the professional association to be $88,547.00 and placed excess earnings at $204,599.00. The total of the two equals fair market value, he testified, and the excess earnings represent goodwill. Mard testified, however, that using the accounting approach required by the supreme court in Thompson left him no way to determine what amount of the excess earnings should be allocated to the husband for his personality, presence and reputation. Mard concluded that most of the value of Dr. Young's professional practice was based on the latter's personal demeanor and philosophy; if Dr. Young were taken away from the practice, he testified, then "there is no data to support any amount [as goodwill] in this $204,000.00."

The wife's expert, one Richard Johnson, testified he did not use a market approach in evaluating goodwill. Instead, he analyzed the production (which he equated with gross billings) and simply took half the production of the previous year as a good rule of thumb for determining goodwill. He then added the value of the real assets to the value assigned to goodwill. If one half production plus tangible assets is less than total production, then he assumes that he is in the ball park in regard to his value of goodwill. He assumed that after being sold the practice would continue to generate the same production figures. He set the value of goodwill at not less than $400,000.00.

The trial judge did not agree in toto with either expert, neither of whom used the fair market value approach mandated by Thompson. She found that the husband's expert did not utilize a "real world" method of goodwill evaluation, and that the wife's expert gave his testimony "without any foundation in economic theory." Nevertheless, the trial judge then selected a figure of $250,000.00 as the value of goodwill, approximately splitting the difference between the two experts, and ordered the husband to pay the wife $125,000.00 for her half interest in this asset.

We believe that the trial judge has misconstrued the holding in Thompson. That decision does not require a finding of goodwill; it merely provides that goodwill may be an asset subject to equitable distribution if there is evidence to support its existence apart from the reputation and presence of the practicing party and the tangible assets. Proof of the existence of goodwill is the first step. In Hanson v. Hanson, 738 S.W.2d 429 (Mo.1987) (en banc), cited with approval by the supreme court in Thompson, the court stated:

Proof of the existence of good will is particularly troublesome in a professional context. This difficulty is a product of the fact that the reputation of the individual practitioner and the good will of his enterprise are often inextricably interwoven. Because of the difficulties inherent in separating the reputation of the professional from that of his enterprise, evidence that other professionals are willing to pay for good will when acquiring a practice is, in our view, the only acceptable evidence of the existence of good will. Thus, as a matter of proof, the existence of good will is shown only when there is evidence of a recent actual sale of a similarly situated professional practice, an offer to purchase such a practice, or expert testimony and testimony of members of the subject profession as to the existence of good will in a similar practice in the relevant geographic and professional market. Absent such evidence, one...