Zeglis v. Sutton, 97 C 3717.
| Decision Date | 09 October 1997 |
| Docket Number | No. 97 C 3717.,97 C 3717. |
| Citation | 980 F.Supp. 958 |
| Parties | James D. ZEGLIS, Plaintiff, v. Richard A. SUTTON, Defendant. |
| Court | U.S. District Court — Northern District of Illinois |
James D. Zeglis, Rockford, IL, pro se.
Cathleen Rene Martwick, U.S. Attorney's Office, Chicago, IL, for Defendant.
Plaintiff, James D. Zeglis, filed a tort action against defendant, Richard A. Sutton, a federal employee, in the Circuit Court for the Sixteenth Judicial Circuit in Kane County, Illinois. The action was removed to this court. The United States now moves to substitute itself as the proper party defendant in lieu of Mr. Sutton pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2679(d)(1) and to dismiss the action for lack of subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1). Under separate motion, the United States also moves to vacate a state court order of judgment against Mr. Sutton pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b). Since the two motions are interrelated, I decide them together. For the reasons set forth below, the motions are granted.
On May 13, 1997, Mr. Zeglis filed a tort action against Mr. Sutton in state court alleging that Mr. Sutton was negligent when his automobile collided with Mr. Zeglis's automobile. As a result, Mr. Zeglis suffered property damages and personal injuries.
Mr. Sutton is an employee of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs. The Attorney General's delegate certified that Mr. Sutton was a federal employee acting within the scope of his employment at the time of the alleged collision. This certification is supported by a memorandum written by Earl Parsons and by Earl Parson's affidavit, stating that Mr. Sutton was acting within the scope of his employment. Mr. Parsons is Mr. Sutton's supervisor at the Regional Office of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Mr. Zeglis contests this certification. He claims that Mr. Sutton was not acting within the scope of his employment. However, he has not presented any affidavits or other materials to support his claim.
On May 20, 1997, based on the Attorney General's certification, the United States timely removed this action from the Circuit Court to this court. The United States filed a Notice of Removal with this court and mailed copies of the Notice to both Mr. Zeglis and the Circuit Court in Kane County, Illinois. The United States did not appear at the Circuit Court on May 27, as required, because it had complied with the requisite removal procedures.
The Clerk of the Circuit Court received and filed a copy of the Notice of Removal on May 27, 1997. Also on May 27, Mr. Zeglis obtained a default judgment against Mr. Sutton in the Circuit Court. It is unclear whether the default judgment was obtained before or after the Notice of Removal was filed.
On June 24, 1997, the United States first learned of the default judgment against Mr. Sutton. By July 3, 1997, the United States moved to vacate that judgment.
The Federal Tort Claims Act ("FTCA"), 28 U.S.C. § 2671, et seq., provides the exclusive remedy for torts committed by any federal employee while acting within the scope of employment. 28 U.S.C. § 2679(b)(1). Section 2679(d)(1) of the FTCA provides that upon certification by the Attorney General or her delegate that an individual defendant was acting in the scope of his employment, the tort action "shall be deemed to be an action against the United States ... and the United States shall be substituted as the party defendant." 28 U.S.C. § 2679(d)(1).
However, certification by the Attorney General or her delegate does not conclusively establish that the defendant was acting within the scope of his employment at the time the alleged tort occurred. Certification as to scope of employment is subject to review. See Gutierrez de Martinez v. Lamagno, 515 U.S. 417, 430-35, 115 S.Ct. 2227, 2235-2236, 132 L.Ed.2d 375 (1995); Hamrick v. Franklin, 931 F.2d 1209, 1210 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 869, 112 S.Ct. 200, 116 L.Ed.2d 159 (1991). But review of proper certification is not a jury question as Mr. Zeglis contends. See Hamrick, 931 F.2d at 1210 () (emphasis added); see also Schrob v. Catterson, 967 F.2d 929, 935 (3rd Cir.1992) (). The district court has the power to review the certification and "should give de novo review to determine whether the certification was proper." Hamrick, 931 F.2d at 1211; Employers Ins. of Wausau v. Bush, 791 F.Supp. 1314, 1324 (N.D.Ill.1992). "In this review, the plaintiff [has] the burden of showing that the [defendant's] conduct was not within the scope of employment." Hamrick, 931 F.2d at 1211.1
In this case, the Attorney General's delegate certified that Mr. Sutton was a federal employee acting within the scope of his employment. This certification was supported by an affidavit and document from Mr. Sutton's supervisor at the Department of Veteran Affairs. Mr. Zeglis contests the certification but has not provided any affidavits or other evidentiary materials to support his contest. Mr. Zeglis merely states that the Attorney General's certification is not conclusive as to scope of employment. This is not sufficient to meet his burden of showing that Mr. Sutton's conduct was not within the scope of his employment. See, e.g., Wausau, 791 F.Supp. at 1325 (). Thus, the United States' motion to substitute itself as defendant is granted.
The motion to vacate the state court default judgment under Rule 60(b) is proper under two circumstances: 1) if removal divested the state court of jurisdiction, thus the judgment was void, or 2) if the state court had jurisdiction but relief from the judgment is appropriate on the basis of mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.
A notice of removal must be filed within 30 days of defendant's receipt of plaintiff's summons or complaint. 28 U.S.C. § 1446(b). Promptly after filing such notice, the defendant "shall give written notice thereof to all adverse parties and shall file a copy of the notice with the clerk of such state court, which shall effect the removal and the state court shall proceed no further." 28 U.S.C. § 1446(d).
There is some dispute as to when removal is effective. Some courts hold that removal is effective when the notice of removal is filed in federal court. See, e.g., Barrett v. Southern Railway Co., 68 F.R.D. 413, 419-420 (D.S.C.1975). Others hold that removal is effected by filing a copy of the notice of removal in state court. See, e.g., Anthony v. Runyon, 76 F.3d 210, 214 (8th Cir.1996). Finally, some hold that the state and federal courts have concurrent jurisdiction if there is a time lag between filing the notice of removal with the federal court and notifying the state court. See, e.g., Berberian v. Gibney, 514 F.2d 790, 792-793 (1st Cir.1975). I agree with the Court in Anthony v. Runyon that the language of the act seems clear. Removal is effective when the notice of removal is filed in state court.
In this case, the notice of removal was filed in federal court on May 20, 1997. The state court was notified of the removal on May 27, 1997, and the default judgment was entered on that same day. The validity of the default depends on whether the state court received the notice of removal before or after the default judgment. From the facts, it is unclear which came first. If notification was first, the default judgment is void. But if I give Mr. Zeglis the benefit of the doubt and find that the judgment was entered before the Circuit Court was notified of removal, then the state court had jurisdiction to enter the default.
Under Rule 60(b)(1), this court may relieve a party from a default judgment for mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect if the party meets its burden of showing (1) that good cause existed for the default (2) quick action to correct it; and (3) a meritorious defense to the complaint. Jones v. Phipps, 39 F.3d 158, 162 (7th Cir.1994). The United States has met this burden.
First, the United States did not appear at the Circuit Court on May 27, 1997 because the Notice of Removal had been filed with this court on May 20, 1997, and mailed to Mr. Zeglis as well as to the Circuit Court on that date. The United States justifiably presumed that the notice would reach Mr. Zeglis and the...
To continue reading
Request your trial
-
Hampton v. Union Pacific R. Co.
...both state and federal courts have jurisdiction until the process of removal is completed") (quoting Berberian); Zeglis v. Sutton, 980 F.Supp. 958, 960-61 (N.D.Ill.1997) (holding that removal is effective when the notice of removal is filed in state court, but recognizing that when a state ......
-
Traynor v. O'Neil
...is not effective until all the steps required by the federal statute have been taken by the defendant."); see also Zeglis v. Sutton, 980 F.Supp. 958, 961 (N.D.Ill.1997) ("Removal is effective when notice of removal is filed in state court."). Therefore, the filing requirement should not be ......
-
Haubner v. Abercrombie & Kent Intern., Inc.
...See 28 U.S.C.A. § 1446(d); and Georgia v. Rachel, 384 U.S. 780, 797 n. 27, 86 S.Ct. 1783, 16 L.Ed.2d 925 (1966); Zeglis v. Sutton, 980 F.Supp. 958, 961 (N.D.Ill.1997); Eastern v. Canty, 75 Ill.2d 566, 571, 27 Ill.Dec. 752, 389 N.E.2d 1160 (1979) (all stating that every requirement of the fe......
-
Flying Cross Check v. Central Hockey League
...is not effective until all the steps required by the federal statute have been taken by the defendant.")); see also Zeglis v. Sutton, 980 F.Supp. 958, 961 (N.D.Ill.1997) ("Removal is effective when notice of removal is filed in state court."). The court agrees that the most logical reading ......