State v. Ramirez

• Decision Date: 26 June 1980
• Docket Number: CA-CR,No. 1,1
• Citation: 126 Ariz. 464,616 P.2d 924
• Parties: STATE of Arizona, Respondent, v. Michael John RAMIREZ, Petitioner. 4258-PR.
• Court: Arizona Court of Appeals

Page 924

616 P.2d 924

126 Ariz. 464

STATE of Arizona, Respondent, v. Michael John RAMIREZ, Petitioner.

No. 1 CA-CR 4258-PR.

Court of Appeals of Arizona, Division 1, Department B.

June 26, 1980.

Rehearing Denied Aug. 11, 1980.

Review Denied Sept. 11, 1980.

Charles F. Hyder, Maricopa County Atty. by James R. Minter, Deputy County Atty., Phoenix, for respondent

Victor Aronow, Tempe, for petitioner.

OPINION

HAIRE, Presiding Judge.

Michael John Ramirez waived jury trial and was convicted by the trial court of two counts of rape while armed with a deadly weapon, two counts of lewd and lascivious acts, and one count of sodomy. ¹ After entry of judgment of guilt, he was sentenced to terms of 71/2 to 20 years imprisonment for the armed rape counts, 41/2 to 5 years imprisonment for the lewd and lascivious act counts, and 71/2 to 20 years imprisonment for the sodomy count. All terms were to run concurrently. The convictions and sentences were affirmed on appeal to this Court. State v. Ramirez, 1 CA-CR 3096 (filed December 12, 1978).

Ramirez began these proceedings by filing a petition for post-conviction relief with the trial court in propria persona, pursuant to Rule 32.4(a), Arizona Rules of Criminal Procedure. Counsel for petitioner filed an amended petition for post-conviction relief. Rule 32.6(d). The case was assigned to the same trial judge who had previously convicted and sentenced petitioner. Rule 32.4(c). Following informal conference on the petition, the trial court ordered an evidentiary hearing. Rule 32.7; Rule 32.8. At that time, the court specified that the issues to be determined were as follows:

"1. Whether or not defendant lied when he testified before the Court at the time of trial and those alleged lies were caused by his counsel requesting the defendant to lie.

"2. Whether or not defendant's trial counsel was given names and addresses of witnesses who could have been called to substantiate defendant's present claim of an alibi.

"3. What those witnesses would have testified to.

"4. Whether or not all of these issues were waived by the defendant because his appeal counsel was aware of these claims and they were not raised in defendant's appeal brief."

The evidentiary hearing was held over a period of two days, and the petition was ultimately denied by the trial court. Rule 32.8. A timely motion for rehearing was filed, Rule 32.9(a), which raised issues not presented in the original petition or the amended petition. The motion for rehearing was likewise denied, and the matter is before us due to the filing of a timely petition for review. Rule 32.9(c). Approximately 6 months after the timely petition for review was filed by trial counsel, petitioner filed a "Supplemental Petition for Review" in propria persona. Three months thereafter, he filed an "Additional Supplemental Petition for Review" in propria persona. Both of these pleadings raised additional issues never presented to the trial court.

Petitioner's defense at the trial had been based on consent of the victim, with whom he had allegedly engaged in an extramarital affair prior to the night of the offense. The basic thrust of the petition and amended petition herein was that petitioner had committed perjury at trial when he testified about the consent of the victim, because he had been urged to do so by his trial counsel. The pleadings also allege that petitioner had in fact given up a valid alibi defense, which had been abandoned by his attorney although the attorney was made aware of it and the potential witnesses to the alibi. Additionally, the pleadings alleged that ineffective assistance of counsel resulted from a failure to challenge the testimony of the victim about the fact that she had "escaped" to a neighbor and the failure to challenge her testimony that she did not know what it felt like to have a man ejaculate inside her, which testimony allegedly created the inference that she had been a virgin before the offense. Finally, the pleadings presented the legal question of whether petitioner's right to equal protection of the laws was violated when both rape charges were consolidated for the initial trial.

Rule 32 places the burden of proving factual issues upon the petitioner. Rule 32.8(c) provides as follows:

"c. Burden of Proof. The petitioner shall have the burden of proving the allegations of fact by a preponderance of the evidence. If a constitutional defect is proven, the prosecutor shall have the burden of proving that the defect was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt."

To show ineffective assistance of counsel, the petitioner must show that the trial was reduced to a sham or a farce; that is, he must do more than show that his counsel was unsuccessful or made tactical errors. State v. Watson, 120 Ariz. 441, 586 P.2d 1253 (1978), cert. denied, 440 U.S. 924, 99 S.Ct. 1254, 59 L.Ed.2d 478 (1979). Additionally, he must demonstrate substantial prejudice resulting from ineffective assistance of counsel, without which the outcome of the case would probably have been different. State v. Rogers, 113 Ariz. 6, 545 P.2d 930 (1976). After taking the testimony of numerous witnesses during the course of the lengthy post-conviction hearing, including petitioner's potential alibi witnesses, his family, his trial counsel, trial counsel's investigator, and appellate counsel, the trial court entered a lengthy minute entry order which included the following findings:

"1) The defendant lied when he testified at the Trial and at the evidentiary hearing before this Court.

"2) His Trial counsel neither consented nor counseled him to lie at Trial.

"3) The victims (names omitted) were both truthful.

"4) Trial counsel prior to Trial was never given the names or addresses of witnesses who could support an alibi defense.

"5) All of the names and addresses or witnesses given to Trial counsel proved to be of people whose testimony would have been adverse to the defendant and supportive of the alleged victims.

"7) Appellate counsel knew of the claims heard on this petition for post conviction relief and deliberately disregarded them as being worthless and counter-productive.

This Court finds defendant had no alibi defense in fact and his claims are meritless as a matter of law."

We have carefully reviewed the transcript of the hearing and find that the trial court's conclusions are amply supported by the record.

As to the legal issue of whether petitioner was denied equal protection by being tried at the same time on both cases, it is of course clear that no constitutional violation is presented by the consolidation of two separate criminal cases for trial, in a proper situation. Rule 13.3, Arizona Rules of Criminal Procedure. The pleadings herein present no "colorable claim" that these cases were not properly consolidated. The pleadings are a generalized statement of legal principles without any relation to the facts of this particular case. Therefore, they do not present the "appearance of validity" required by Rule 32. State v. Suarez, 23 Ariz.App. 45, 530 P.2d 402 (1975).

There is an additional problem presented with all of the allegations contained in the original petition and the amended petition. None of them were preserved by the motion for rehearing, which, as mentioned earlier, merely presented new issues for determination. Rule 32.9(a) provides that in a motion for rehearing, an aggrieved party must "set forth in detail the grounds wherein it is believed the court erred." The purpose of a motion for rehearing under Rule 32.9 is to give the trial court an opportunity to correct any errors it may have made in the ruling on the petition for post-conviction relief. That purpose...