Agricultural Ins. Co. v. Midwest Technical Development Corp.

• Decision Date: 18 September 1964
• Docket Number: No. 39604,39604
• Citation: 269 Minn. 325,130 N.W.2d 497
• Parties: AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE COMPANY, a New York corporation, and United Pacific Insurance Company, a Washington corporation, Respondents, v. MIDWEST TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, a Minnesota corporation, Technical Management Services Corporation, a Minnesota corporation, Arnold J. Ryden, Jr., Willis K. Drake, Fremont C. Fletcher, Norman Terwilliger, John E. Andrus, III, Neal R. Amundson, Ray D. Johnson, Erwin Tomash, Howard L. Daniels and Arthur H. Smith, Relators.
• Court: Minnesota Supreme Court

Page 497

130 N.W.2d 497

269 Minn. 325

AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE COMPANY, a New York corporation, and United Pacific Insurance Company, a Washington corporation, Respondents, v. MIDWEST TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, a Minnesota corporation, Technical Management Services Corporation, a Minnesota corporation, Arnold J. Ryden, Jr., Willis K Drake, Fremont C. Fletcher, Norman Terwilliger, John E Andrus, III, Neal R. Amundson, Ray D. Johnson, Erwin Tomash Howard L. Daniels and Arthur H. Smith, Relators.

No. 39604.

Supreme Court of Minnesota.

Sept. 18, 1964.

Syllabus by the Court

Where an affidavit and demand sufficient to comply with Minn.St. 542.10 are served and filed as required by statute, the venue of the action is ipso facto transferred to the county of the demand. If plaintiff contends that the cause of action or some part of it arose in the county in which the action was commenced, such claim must be made in the county to which the venue is changed. Good practice requires the demanding party or parties to state in their affidavits that no part of the cause of action arose in the county in which it was commenced.

Harold C. Evarts and Best, Flanagan, Lewis, Simonet & Bellows, Minneapolis, for Midwest Technical Development Corp.

Karl H. Covell and Covell & Bachelder, Minneapolis, for Terwilliger, Ryden, Drake and Amundson.

Robert F. Henson and Cant, Haverstock, Beardsley, Gray & Plant, Minneapolis, for Andrus and Johnson.

John J. McKasy, Minneapolis, for Fletcher.

Thomas, King, Daubney, Swenson & Collatz, Briggs & Morgan, St. Paul, for respondents.

KNUTSON, Chief Justice.

This action was commenced in the District Court of Ramsey County by the 2 corporate plaintiffs against 2 corporate and 10 individual defendants. The nature of the action is not of any importance in the determination of the question now before us. It is alleged in the complaint:

'The County of Ramsey, Second Judicial District, is the proper county for trial of this action in that part of the cause of action arose in Ramsey County.'

Within 20 days after commencement of the action, a majority of the defendants joined in a demand for a change of venue to Hennepin County. In an affidavit supporting their demand they aver, among other things:

'* * * That no part of said pretended cause of action arose in Ramsey County, Minnesota.'

It is conceded that the affidavit supporting the demand for change of venue is sufficient to comply with the statute as far as residence and number of defendants joining are concerned. The demand was filed with the clerk of the district court of Ramsey County on June 4, 1964. The clerk refused to transmit the file to Hennepin County, and on June 8, 1964, an order to show cause why the action should not be retained in Ramsey County on the ground that a part of the cause of action arose therein, coupled with a motion to retain the cause of action there, was properly served and filed upon the necessary parties. Defendants objected to the jurisdiction of the Ramsey County court to hear said motion, contending that upon service and filing of their demand for a change of venue the cause of action was ipso facto transferred to Hennepin County and that, if it was to be remanded, that motion must be made in Hennepin County. The District Court of Ramsey County proceeded to determine the question of its jurisdiction only and determined that it did have jurisdiction to hear the motion. We thereupon issued our alternative writ of mandamus and temporary restraining order pending a determination of the matter.

The sole question before us now is whether the Ramsey County District Court could properly determine whether the case should be retained in Ramsey County. In its return to our alternative writ, the trial court of Ramsey County gives as its reason for holding that it had jurisdiction to hear and determine the motion the following:

'(1) Inasmuch as it appeared from the face of the complaint that part of plaintiffs' cause of action arose in Ramsey County, defendants were not entitled to the benefits of the demand provision (M.S.A. § 542.10) for any purpose in this action and venue could not be changed in the absence of a determination by the Ramsey County District Court that no part of plaintiffs' cause of action arose in Ramsey County;

'(2) The Clerk of District Court of Ramsey County was neither required nor authorized to transfer the files in this action from Ramsey County to Hennepin County;

'(3) The Order to Show Cause and Restraining Order of Judge Rensch were lawful and correct;

'(4) The District Court of Ramsey County had jurisdiction of the subject matter and power to hear plaintiffs' Motion to retain venue in Ramsey County and plaintiffs were entitled to have their Motion to retain venue heard in Ramsey County.

'(5) The Order of Judge Hachey, dated July 21, 1964, was lawful and correct.'

Originally, a cause of action such as this could be commenced in a county where any of the parties resided at the commencement of the action. G.S.1866, c. 66, § 40. ¹ This rule was changed by L.1877, c. 68, so that the right to have the case tried in the county in which plaintiff resided was eliminated. Since then, the policy of the law has been that actions of this kind be brought in the county in which defendant resides or a majority of multiple defendants wish to have it tried. We have frequently held that this right is not to be denied a defendant unless the legislature has unequivocally indicated the contrary and that a party seeking to bring an action in some county other than that of the defendant or the choice of a majority of multiple defendants must establish his right to do so. ² For a great many years the rule has been well established that, upon service and filing of a proper demand and affidavit which complied with the statute, the venue was ipso facto changed to the county designated in the demand. If the allegations of the affidavit were to be traversed, plaintiff was required to move for remand of the action in the county to which the venue was changed. The clerk's function was purely ministerial. ³

The rule we have consistently followed is succinctly stated in State ex rel. Minneapolis Threshing Machine Co. v. District Court, 77 Minn. 302, 306, 79 N.W. 960, 961, as follows:

'The meaning of this statute is plain. If a defendant complies with its provisions, he has an absolute right to have the venue changed to the county of his alleged residence. The action cannot be retained in the county in which the venue was orginally laid, for the purpose of traversing the allegations of the affidavit as to defendant's residence, or for the hearing of a motion to retain the case for the convenience of witnesses. If the plaintiff wishes to challenge the truth of the affidavit as to the defendant's residence, his remedy is to move the court in the county to which the venue is changed by the demand and affidavit to remand the case on the ground that the defendant is in fact a resident of the county in which the action was originally brought. If a defendant complies with this statute, and makes the demand and affidavit, and files them, with proof of service thereof, in the office of clerk of the court, the place of trial is ipso facto changed, and the defendant has an absolute right to have the papers and files transferred to the district court of the proper county.'

The statute governing the place of trial is Minn.St. 542.09, and that governing the procedure for effecting a change is § 542.10. Section 542.09 was amended by L.1955, c. 614, § 1, by adding the italicized portion shown below so as to read, as far as here material:

'All actions not enumerated in section 542.02 to 542.08 And section 542.095 ⁴ shall be tried in a county in which one or more of the defendants reside when the action is begun Or in which the cause of action or some part thereof arose. If none of the parties shall reside or be found in the state, the action may be begun and tried in any county which the plaintiff shall designate.'

The 1955 amendment did not amend the companion § 542.10, which provides the manner in which a change of venue may be effected, which resulted in an anomalous situation due to the construction placed on these statutes by the decision in Donovan v. Dixon, 257 Minn. 4, 99 N.W.2d 783. This anomaly was commented upon in a concurring opinion in Anderson v. Farmers Mutual Automobile Ins. Co., 259 Minn. 118, 106 N.W.2d 369. No doubt as a result of the court's comments, the legislature amended § 542.10 by L.1961, c. 13, § 1, by adding the italicized portion shown below, and the statute as amended reads:

'If the county designated in the complaint is not the proper county, the action may notwithstanding be tried therein unless, within 20 days after the summons is served, the defendant demands in writing that it be tried in the proper county. This demand shall be accompanied by the affidavit of the defendant, or his agent or attorney, setting forth the county of his residence at the time of the commencement of the action. This demand and affidavit, with proof of service thereof upon the plaintiff's attorney, shall be filed with the clerk in the county where the action was begun within 30 days from the date of its service and thereupon the place of trial shall be changed to the county where the defendant resides without any other proceedings. If the county designated in the complaint is not the county in which the cause of action or some part thereof arose and if there are several defendants residing in different counties, the trial shall be had in the county upon which a majority of them unite in demanding or, if the numbers be equal, in that whose county seat is nearest. When the place of trial...