Baker v. Meisch

Decision Date26 March 1890
Citation45 N.W. 685,29 Neb. 227
PartiesA. L. BAKER v. PETER MEISCH ET AL
CourtNebraska Supreme Court

ERROR to the district court for Dakota county. Tried below before NORRIS, J.

AFFIRMED.

Bailie & Sisson, and Fair & Evans, for plaintiff in error:

Defendants admit in the stipulation that they willfully entered upon plaintiff's premises; hence they could acquire no rights to the bricks manufactured thereon. (2 Kent, Com., 363; Betts v. Lee, 5 Johns. [N. Y.], 348 ; Curtis v. Groat, 6 Johns. [N. Y.], 168; Silsbury v. McCoon, 3 N.Y. 379; Wells on Replevin secs. 79, 80, 81, 89, 567; Nesbitt v. St. Paul Lumber Co., 21 Minn. 491; Ill. & St. L. R. Co. v Ogle, 92 Ill. 353; Snyder v. Vaux, 2 Rawle [Pa.], 453; Freeman v. Underwood, 66 Me. 229; Stuart v. Phelps, 39 Iowa 14; 2 Schouler on Per. Prop., 37; Hyde v. Cookson, 21 Barb. [N. Y.], 104 Breckenridge v. Holland, 2 Blackford [Ind.], 377; Brown v. Sax, 7 Cow. [N. Y.], 97; Spicer v. Waters, 65 Barb. [N. Y.], Elliott v. Powell, 10 Watts [Pa.], 234, 453; Weymouth v. Chicago & N. W. R. Co. 17 Wis. 567; Jeffries v. Great Western R. Co., 34 E. L. & Eq., 122; Davis v. Easley, 13 Ill. 198; Cooley on Torts, 55, 56; Miller v. Clark, 23 N. W. Rep., 35; Isle Royal Mining Co. v. Hertin, 37 Mich. 332; McLean v. Bovee, 24 Wis. 295; Parker v. Storts, 15 Ohio St. 352; Kimball v. Lohmas, 31 Cal. 158.) Defendants had actual and, through the pendency of the suit, constructive notice of plaintiff's rights, and are bound thereby. 3 Pomeroy, Eq. Jur., secs. 591, 595; Wade, Notice, secs. 67, 338, 341, 344, 347; Crocker v. Crocker, 31 N.Y. 507; Wooster v. Sherwood, 25 Id., 278; McAnelly v. Chapman, 18 Tex. 198; Saltus v. Everett, 20 Wend. [N. Y.], 267.) Property may be reclaimed in an altered state, and from third parties innocent purchasers. (Wade, Notice, secs. 74, 75, 76.)

Jay Bros., contra:

It is an unjust rule which makes defendants lose all the labor by which comparatively worthless clay was transformed into a valuable commodity. Such a doctrine is not sustained by the better authorities, even in the case of willful trespassers. (Single v. Schneider, 30 Wis. 570; Winchester v. Craig, 33 Mich. 206; Northrup v. McGill, 27 Id., 238; Warren v. Cole, 15 Id., 271; Ill. & St. L. R. and Coal Co. v. Ogle, 82 Ill. 627; McLain Coal Co. v. Long, 31 Id., 359; Robertson v. Jones, 71 Id., 405; Whitfield v. Whitfield, 40 Miss. 366; Tuck v. Moses, 58 Me. 461; Brown v. Sax, 7 Cowen [N. Y.], 95; Single v. Schneider, 30 Wis. 570; Weymouth v. Chicago & N. W. R. Co., 17 Wis. 567; Herdic v. Young, 55 Pa. 176; Railway Co. v. Hutchins, 32 Ohio St. 571.) Recovery is limited to the value of the clay at the time of its removal from the realty. (Forsyth v. Wells, 41 Pa. 291; Herdic v. Young, 55 Id., 176; Goller v. Fett, 30 Cal. 482; Coleman's Appeal, 62 Pa. 278; Foote v. Merrill, 20 Am. R., 151 .)

OPINION

MAXWELL, J.

This is an action of replevin brought by the plaintiff against the defendant to recover the possession of 150,000 brick of the value of $ 6.50 per M upon the ground that they had been manufactured from clay belonging to the plaintiff and that the defendant Meisch willfully and wrongfully appropriated said clay. The case was tried upon a stipulation of facts as follows:

"1st. That the plaintiff, A. L. Baker, is the absolute owner in fee simple of the north ten acres of lot 3, section 21, township 29, range 9 east, in Dakota county, Nebraska, from and on which the brick in question were manufactured and burned by the defendant, Peter Meisch, Rosa Meisch, and John Marshall, and that the said A. L. Baker has been the owner of said premises since the 25th of June, 1887.

"2d. That the brick in question, as replevied by the plaintiff from the defendants, aggregated 150,000, and were at that time, and are now, of the value of $ 6.50 per M brick, and were manufactured by the defendants during the months of June and July, 1888, upon and from the clay and materials of the premises aforesaid then belonging to the plaintiff.

"3d. That said defendants Meisch and Marshall had entered upon said premises by virtue of a pretended lease from one E. C. Palmer, who never owned or had a right to lease the same; but who claimed to the defendants that he was the owner of the same, and claimed right to the same under the terms of a contract he claimed to have entered into between himself and one J. M. Moan, who was his partner in the real estate business at South Sioux City, Neb. near the land above described, and who claimed to be the agent of one Edward Croak, a former owner of said premises, and that the said E. C. Palmer had brought an action in the district court of said county against said Croak to compel the specific performance of said alleged contract; which action was begun in May, 1887, and was finally adjudicated and decided in favor of the defendant, the said Edward Croak, and against the plaintiff, E. C. Palmer, on the 18th day of Sept., 1888, the costs having been paid by the said Palmer and the time for appeal passed, but that the said suit was pending at the time that the brick in question were made by the defendants.

"4th. That at the time the said defendants Meisch and Marshall entered upon said premises, they were notified by the owner thereof that the land described did not belong to Palmer, the lessor to them; that the defendants proceeded to manufacture brick thereon, and that on the 29th day of November, 1887, the plaintiff, who was then the owner in fee of said premises, brought an action in the district court of said county against the defendants Meisch and Marshall to enjoin them from further trespassing upon said premises and from manufacturing brick thereon or therefrom, and that on the 29th day of December, 1887, the judge of said court, after hearing the evidence on part of the plaintiff and defendants, made an order enjoining said defendants from further trespassing upon said premises for the purpose of manufacturing brick thereon, which order was duly served upon the defendants.

"5th. That said defendants not regarding said order of injunction, but while it was still pending, willfully proceeded to manufacture the brick in question as aforesaid; that on the 21st day of September, 1888, the defendants made a bill of sale of the brick in question to the defendant, John Arensdorf, which bill of sale plaintiff and defendants are permitted to introduce evidence upon and inquire into the same as though it had not been referred to in this stipulation, the question of the bona fides of the purchase made by the said Arensdorf, and the question of notice to the plaintiff's rights at the time of purchase being alleged by the defendants and contradicted by the plaintiff herein.

"6th. That this action was begun after the date of the alleged bill of sale, and that the proceedings on the part of the plaintiff in regard to the petition, affidavit, bond, demand on the defendants, and service by summons, and every other needful step has been regular and according to law on the part of the plaintiff and the defendants to this action."

In the petition for an injunction against the defendants we find the following allegations:

"Comes now the plaintiff and as cause for relief states to the court: 1st. That prior to the 23d day of May, 1887, Edward Croak was the owner in fee of the following described premises, to-wit, the N. 10 acres of lot 3, section 21, township 29, range 9 east, in Dakota county, Nebraska said land being a strip of uniform width along the north side of said lot.

"2d. That on the 23d day of May, 1887, Edward Croak conveyed to F. L. Gilbert all his right, title, and interest in and to the above described premises by warranty deed, which will more fully and at large appear by reference to the records of Dakota county in deed book R, page 37, the said F. L. Gilbert entering into immediate possession of said land and remaining in possession of the same until the 25th day of June, 1887; that on or about the 30th day of May, 1887, the said F. L. Gilbert appointed Eugene R. Sissons as his attorney in fact for the care and management of said land, which power of attorney is a matter of record, as will at large appear by reference to the records of said county in miscellaneous record A, page 383, and that the said Eugene R. Sissons took possession of said land and remained in continuous possession until said Gilbert disposed of the same.

"4th. That on or about the 25th day of June, 1887, F. L. Gilbert, by good and sufficient warranty deed, conveyed to A. L. Baker the lands above described, which deed is recorded in the record of Dakota county, in deed book R, pages 217 and 218, the said A. L. Baker entering into immediate possession, and by his regular appointed agent Eugene R. Sissons has continued in possession up to the present time.

"5th. That on or about the 27th day of June, 1887, an action was begun in the district court of Dakota county to adjust the alleged disputed title to the lands above described, which action is still pending in said court.

"6th. That after the commencement of the aforesaid action, and while the said F. L. Gilbert was in possession of said land, Peter Meisch and John or Jean Marshall, without any color of title or show of right, entered upon said lands and erected the fixtures necessary for the manufacture of brick and have dug deep holes and pits in said land, rendering it useless for tilling, residences, and manufacturing, or city purposes, and are otherwise injuring said property, and will continue so to do to the damage of this plaintiff if not enjoined by the court.

"7th. That the acts of the defendants in trespassing upon and entering into possession of said land, and digging up the soil thereof, was without the consent of this plaintiff.

"8th. That the said F....

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